Note that management or company is not able to afford dedicated resources.

How does this impact a Scrum team's effectiveness and what are some strategies to mitigate the challenges?

Based on golden ratio constant of 1.618 should be 21, can u provide insights why u mentioned it should be 20 from product mgt / scrum standpoint ?

Model vulnerability yourself - When leaders admit mistakes, ask for help, or say "I don't know," it signals that imperfection is acceptable and even valued for learning.

Communication:

Respond to problems with curiosity, not blame - When someone raises an issue, lead with questions like "Help me understand what happened"

Address the "messenger shooting" immediately - If anyone responds negatively to someone raising a concern, intervene quickly and privately. One instance of punishing transparency can undo months of trust-building.

Ask better questions - Instead of "How's everything going?" try "What's one thing that's harder than it should be?" or "What are you worried about that we haven't discussed?"

Structure:

Create regular forums for concerns - Build structured ways for problems to emerge, like retrospectives, one-on-ones, or "failure parties" where teams discuss what's not working without judgment.