(https://thechinaproject.com/2017/03/28/healthcare-us-compare-china/)

https://www.unicef.cn/media/22026/file/Child%20Multidimensional%20Poverty%20in%20China.pdf

2. Maternity leave: minimum is 98 days paid, however some can be from anywhere to 128 days to 190 days. There is also child support, school aid in meals, and tax breaks. The support in China is somewhat similar to the United States, but the United States is a bit more established in terms of support for children.

3. In China, they focus more on collectivism instead of individualism. In the United States, individuals are concerned about themselves, whereas China is concerned about the collected community. Unlike in the United States, where you can choose which high school you want to go to, in China the children are required to take a test to enter a specific school. They go to school 5 days a week, similar to United States students, and have similar hours as well.

4. In China, there is a strong divide between the public and private schools for children. Education is split between two categories, depending on age. Early childhood education is dedicated to children from 0 to 3 years old, while kindergarten 4 to 6 years old. Many parents in China are concerned that they will not have access to proper or affordable childcare, such as daycare, nurseries, or schooling for their children. 87.8% of children were able to attend government funded kindergartens.

   https://eastasiaforum.org/2023/03/03/insufficient-preschool-education-in-china-needs-reform/

5. Most preschool programs are in suburban and developed areas, their systems are broken into two groups - three and younger go to a nursery, and three through six go to a kindergarten. Children that attend kindergarten are separated into three different categories, juniors, middles, and seniors. The curriculum is defined into a national standard. Teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree in any subject, a clear background check, Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) certification, and a preferred background in teaching.

6. Yes, education in China is primarily managed by the state run public education system which falls under the ministry of education. Citizens must attend school for a minimum of nine years. Education in China is funded by the government. Primary public schools are tuition-free. They attend primary schools in their neighborhoods, and parents pay little for textbooks and other expenses. In 2020, there was an increase of 34.4 million students entering compulsory education.

Hunter, Katelyn, Alyssa, Gurjit Sanghera

2. Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) offers various programs to support single mothers in accessing government grants. One such program is the Canada Child Benefit (CCB), which provides monthly financial assistance to eligible families based on their income and number of children.

3. In the US, schools are very competitive, with good grades highly prioritized. In Canada, however, schools view each child individually and combine their complete performance as a student to evaluate how well they are doing.Here are some differences between the education systems in Canada and the United States:

• Standardized tests

• The US uses standardized tests at the end of each grade, while Canada does not.

• High school length

• In the US, high school is typically four years, while in Canada it's generally three years.

• Extracurricular activities

• In Canada, there's less pressure to participate in extracurricular activities to get into university.

• School lunches

• In Canada, school lunches are more like a restaurant, where you can order from a selection of food.

• Tuition fees

• In general, tuition fees in the United States tend to be higher than in Canada.

• Student visas

• To study in the U.S., international students need to obtain a student visa. In Canada, international students need to acquire a Study Permit.

4. In Canada, preschool is generally considered a better choice than the American approach. Canadian preschools focus on critical thinking, exploration, and discovery. They also emphasize early learning and preparing children emotionally, intellectually, and socially for higher grades.According to a 2022 survey, 31% of Canadian children under age 6 attended daycare centers, preschools, and centers de la petite enfance (CPEs) in early 2022. 

5. In Canada, it usually also precedes kindergarten (both JK and SK). Preschool thus includes all education before compulsory schooling starts (usually between the ages of four or five). While this includes infant and toddler preschool, most private preschools are geared for children from the ages of three to five.

While they can have different teaching and learning approaches, most preschools cover similar ground. They normally teach math, literacy, science, creative arts, and social skills, among other subjects and skills. There are also some common preschool learning activities in these and other areas.The Ministry of Education is responsible for developing curriculum, while school boards and schools manage the implementation. Having province-wide curriculum and assessment policies provides for consistent planning, implementation, evaluation and reporting of student learning and achievement across school boards.

Licensing requirements for preschool teachers in Canada vary by province and territory. In general, licensing is required in all provinces and territories, while certification is required in British Columbia. 

To become an early childhood educator (ECE) in Canada, you typically need to:

Complete secondary school

• Have experience in child care

• Complete an ECE program or post-secondary courses in ECE

• Have a college diploma in ECE or a bachelor's degree

• Have current first aid and CPR certifications

• Pass a criminal record and background check

• Have licensing or certification by a provincial or territorial association 

• Job Bank

• Early Childhood Educator (ECE) in Canada | Job requirements - Job Bank

• Windmill Microlending

• How to Become an Early Childhood Educator in Canada

• Nov 10, 2023 — You must have successfully passed a criminal record and background check, demonstrating that you are eligible to work with young children. Licensing or certification by a provincial or territorial association is a key step.

6. Canadian Social Security and Social Assistance. Canada uses "social security" as a generic term referring to a wide range of programs dealing with health, education, unemployment, and family and child assistance, as well as old age, disability, and survivors' benefits.

Services and information

• Employment Insurance benefits and leave. Temporary benefits for workers, sickness, fishing and family-related benefits. ...

• Dental coverage. ...

• Family and caregiving benefits. ...

• Public pensions. ...

• Grants and funding opportunities. ...

• Student aid and education planning. ...

• Housing benefits. ...

• Disability benefits.

Its similar to USA , however. Preschool in Canada is generally considered a better choice due to its emphasis on early learning and preparing children emotionally, intellectually, and socially for higher grades. Canadian preschools focus on critical thinking, exploration, and discovery, whereas the American approach to preschool is more relaxed.

Klarissa Hernandez , Sophia Macias

3. Universal Child Benefit and Single Universal Allowance. Percents with young children 1(50-75E) 2 (100-350E). Single parents: offers an additional 20E per child.

4. The preschool year in Italy begins in September. Preschool is optional in Italy unlike school for children over the age of 6, which is mandatory.

5. 95% of the children attend some kind of nursery. These programs are viewed as one of the best programs in the world. They have a plan-based approach a focus on social skills, emotional development, communication and verbal exchange.

6. Preschool includes some Montessori and Reggio Emilia elements, they are play based, learn by doing in an informal setting which communication and verbal exchange is encouraged focuses on social skills and emotional development in order to develop.

7. As of 2022, Italy offers a single and Universal Allowance for Dependent Children. Is assigned monthly, the amount ranges from a minimum of €30 to a maximum of €217.80 per child. This covers preschool expenses, costs of raising children.

8. Public education is free.

   What is an Italian Preschool like? - Scuola Italiana di Portland

   Teaching and learning in general lower secondary education (europa.eu)

   
   

2. In Japan, there is private and public daycare and kindergarten. Public kindergarten prioritizes families who need childcare the most. They use a point system to determine how high of a priority you are: If the parents are working more than 7 hours a day (40+ points), whether the parent is on maternity leave (+10 points), if a grandparent is living with them (-6 points), and whether or not the family lives near the facility they are applying to. They are cheaper than public facilities and can run families 10,000 yen a month to 70,000 yen a month depending on their income. In the United States, childcare is also not free, however there are some programs that pay the tuition of the daycare if the family qualifies for it.  

3. In Japan they take six classes a day, when we take eight. Unlike most schools in the US, the academic curriculum in Japan includes programming, home economics, and moral education. Japanese students put in 240 days a year at school, a whole 60 days more than Americans. Usually, students take midterm exams in 5 subjects: English, math, Japanese, science, and social studies. During final exams, the students are tested on those 5 subjects plus 4 more: health and physical fitness, home economics, music, and art.  

4. - Japanese preschool education is child-centered and based upon the principle of “whole person education”, which focuses on social and emotional development, friendship, and responsibility. 

• - More than 70% of 3 year olds, more than 80% of 4 year olds, and more than 90% of 5 year olds attend either preschool/kindergarten or nursery school. 

5. There are 2 types of early childhood education kindergarten schools (yochien) and daycare schools (hoikuen). Parents have the choice to enroll in before elementary school. Curriculum for both include the teaching of respect for the school, importance of group interaction, language skills, and to have teamwork to reach a common goal. The Ministry of Education and Science must approve the curriculum of a well-balanced time for playing and learning. As far as a preschool teacher they need a bachelor’s degree with training in teaching to kids, basic qualifications depend on the establishment. 

6. In Japan, preschool and childcare were made free as of October 1, 2019. This was put into effect to help take away the financial burden from families to help increase the birthrate. The Japanese government also provides other childcare allowances and scholarships for college to help with the low birthrate. Compared to the United States, some schools are free but private school with tuition is an option. The U.S. does provide programs like CCS, scholarships/grants, along with head start that is free to low-income families.  

Maternity leave in Japan consist of 14 weeks of leave is available for all working parents, full or part time jobs, there are 6 weeks before your due date and 8 weeks after birth. When you are under your empolyer's insurance your maybe be entitled to childbirth allowance. For women the allowance is 2/3 of their normal monthly allowance. No money is given if you are self-empolyed and covered by national health insurance .

Jaquelynn, Angeni, Gabriella, Chiara

2. Australia has a highly developed health care system which covers all its citizens as well as other permanent residents.Provides safe and affordable health care. Australians enjoy one of the best health care systems around the world, which translates to good health for the majority.

3. Australia provides “Parenting Payments” to help families who have recently had a child or have adopted one raise them based on the gross income of both parents. Maternal leave is eligible up to 18-20 weeks for both parents with the addition of parent payments. Australia also provides parents and children, who are ages 0-5 years old, access to advice and Universal Healthcare support by providing little to no costs on healthcare for either children or their parents. The Australian government also pays the child care subsidy directly to the approved childcare service of the parents choice to reduce the costs and fees that the parent pays.

4.The way how the educational systems of Australia and the United States compare is in the US children aged 6 years old attend elementary school which is primary school in australia. After that is secondary school in both systems , but Americans divided it into middle school and high school. After they graduate they get a diploma and in Australia secondary school spans four years 7th or 8th to 10th grade. Senior secondary school is 11th and 12th grade. After they finish secondary school they receive a SSCE (Senior Secondary certificate of education).

5. Preschool education in Australia is generally seen as important for early childhood development. A significant percent of children, around 85% attend preschool programs before starting formal schooling. It’s valued for its role in preparing children socially and academically for primary school. 

6. In Australia, preschool programs usually focus on play-based learning to foster social, emotional, and cognitive development in children aged 3 to 5. The curriculum is often set by state or territory education departments, with input from early childhood education experts. Preschool teachers are typically required to be licensed by the government, and they undergo training in early childhood education, which may include completing a Certificate III or Diploma in Early Childhood Education and Care.

7. Yes, the Australian government provides financial support for preschool through the childcare subsidy. Other initiatives include the early learning payment and the preschool funding program. In the United States, financial support for preschool varies by state and is typically provided through programs like Head start and state funded preschool initiatives.

8. Maternity Leave: The Federal Government's paid parental leave scheme provides up to 18 weeks of paid leave if you are having or adopting a child. If eligible for this payment, you will be paid the minimum wage whole on this scheme, not your usual salary.

Gavin, Savannah, Ameris, Faris