New Criticism by Noor Alhoda Al.Amawi https://padlet.com/201031221/6cg1xqwk5wscwia5 Summary en-us 2023-04-18 15:45:49 UTC 2023-04-18 15:45:50 UTC hello@padlet.com 201031221 https://padlet.com/201031221/6cg1xqwk5wscwia5/wish/2558821500 -For Brooks, the language of poetry is the language of Paradox. 
-For Wimsatt, Metaphor is the structure most characteristic of concentrated poetry.

-The characteristic unity of a poem lies in the unification of  the tensions it creates through the use of:
   •Propositions.
   •Metaphors.
   •Symbols.
   •Paradoxes.

]]> 2023-04-18 15:45:49 UTC https://padlet.com/201031221/6cg1xqwk5wscwia5/wish/2558821500 201031221 https://padlet.com/201031221/6cg1xqwk5wscwia5/wish/2558821501 The New Critics stress on: 
•Paradox.
•Metaphor.

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  • Wimsatt and Beardsley warned critics of the danger of Intentional Fallacy.
  • In modern poetry, Brooks speaks of the need for critical revolution of the order of the Romantic Revolt. 
  • Revolt is necessary because of the difficulty of modern poets, such as Yeats, Eliot, Frost, Anden, And MacLeish. 

    • ]]>     2023-04-18 15:45:49 UTC https://padlet.com/201031221/6cg1xqwk5wscwia5/wish/2558821502     201031221 https://padlet.com/201031221/6cg1xqwk5wscwia5/wish/2558821503 The main figures associated with the New Criticism were: 
    •John Ranson.
    •Allen Tate:
    •Cleanth Brooks.
    •Kenneth Burke.
    •William Wimsatt.

    • New Criticism was a reaction to the historical-philological approach to literature that was in American universities. Its main concern was to establish the irreducibility of the literary text, the poem in particular. 
    • The poem is treated as: a self-contained and self-sustaining unit if meaning, which doesn’t have to be explained in terms of its author’s personality or biography. 
    • Therefore, the task is to examine what the poem says as a poem. 

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  • The whole goal is to find a pattern (certain tensions and ambiguities), which leads us to a theme. 
  • The goal of theme is to lead to Unity.
  • At the end we come to a unified meaning (theme).
  • The GOAL of the New Criticism is to get to a unified meaning.

    • The Role of the Author:
    For centuries, the ultimate authority on a text was the author BUT new critics rejected this, they called that “The Intentional Fallacy”: it doesn’t matter what the author intends. The text itself is the final authority, not the author. 


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  • Critics believed that interpretation lives in Tension (In order to make sense, we should interpret certain things/texts ironically. 
  • Irony isn’t a step that new critics will always hit, but sometimes it’s one of the ways that they resolve contradictions.
  • If we have different symbols, then one of them is ironic (which means one of them is not a literal message).

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  • New criticism starts with looking for symbols (all texts have symbols and ideals that aren’t literal). 
  • We should interpret these symbols.
  • We might have more than one possible meaning.
  • Symbols lead to Paradox (one symbol has two or more meanings, which is strange). 
  • Paradox leads to Ambiguity>>contradictions>>something unclear in the text (confusing).
  • Ambiguity leads to Tension (competing ideas that need interpretation).
  • If we have two separate meanings for the same idea in a text, we need to figure out how to tackle that by making our own interpretation (this happens after we identify the symbols, paradox, and ambiguity).

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  • Literary Criticism is the way we read literature. It’s different based on sort of the philosophy behind why or how we read. 
  • Different people pay attention for different things.

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