RADSCI 420- Radiation Physics & Radiobiology Outline by https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu BY Jenna Berry en-us 2021-02-15 22:05:44 UTC 2024-07-15 23:37:31 UTC hello@padlet.com SI Units of Measurement jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204971508 2021-02-15 22:06:21 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204971508 Absorbed dose (D) jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204971779 The amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by an irradiated object ]]> 2021-02-15 22:06:33 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204971779 Exposure jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204972121 Total electric charge of one sign, either all pluses or all minus, per unit of mass that x-ray and gamma ray photons with energies up to 3 million electron volts generate in dry air at standard temperature and pressure ]]> 2021-02-15 22:06:48 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204972121 Effective dose (EfD) jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204972217 Quantity that is used for radiation protection purposed to provide a measure of the overall risk of exposure to humans from ionizing radiaiton]]> 2021-02-15 22:06:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204972217 Air kerma jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204972385 Kinetic energy release per mass in air, fined at 1 Joule of energy absorbed by 1 kilogram of air]]> 2021-02-15 22:07:01 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1204972385 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205097365 Responsible for any biologic tissue damage resulting from the tissues being exposed to radiaiton]]> 2021-02-15 23:43:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205097365 Gray (Gy) jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205098348 2021-02-15 23:44:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205098348 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205111705 http://www.whiteripleyradsafety.com/3-2]]> 2021-02-15 23:56:25 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205111705 Into account: jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205121916 -type of ionizing radiation (beta, alpha, gamma, x-ray, etc.)
-type of tissue or organ in the human body (skin, thyroid, gonads, etc.) ]]> 2021-02-16 00:04:15 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205121916 Sievert or millisievert jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205125841 2021-02-16 00:07:39 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205125841 EfD = D x Wr x Wt jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205127649 D = dose
Wr = Radiation weighting factor
Wt = Tissue weighting factor]]> 2021-02-16 00:09:19 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205127649 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205130943 2021-02-16 00:12:13 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205130943 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205135063 2021-02-16 00:15:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205135063 Gray jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205140213 2021-02-16 00:20:12 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205140213 Coulombs per kilogram (C/kg) jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205144456 2021-02-16 00:23:30 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205144456 Radiosensitivity jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205151352 2021-02-16 00:29:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205151352 Dose-response relationships jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205152461 Demonstration of the observed effects of radiation exposure in relation to the dose of radiation received ]]> 2021-02-16 00:30:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205152461 Relative tissue relationships jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205152751 2021-02-16 00:30:18 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205152751 LET jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153147 Linear Energy Transfer: Average every deposited per unit length of tract]]> 2021-02-16 00:30:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153147 RBE jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153282 Relative Biologic Effectiveness: The relative capabilities of radiation with different LETs to produce a particular biologic reaction ]]> 2021-02-16 00:30:40 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153282 Cell survival and recovery jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153370 2021-02-16 00:30:44 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153370 Oxygen effect jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153720 When irradiated in an oxygenated or aerobic state biologic tissue is more sensitive to radiation than compared to an anaerobic condition ]]> 2021-02-16 00:31:00 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205153720 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205171934 2021-02-16 00:46:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205171934 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205184353 2021-02-16 00:55:50 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205184353 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205185033 2021-02-16 00:56:25 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205185033 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205185314 2021-02-16 00:56:39 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205185314 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205190064 Intensity of the x-ray beam is measured in exposure or air kerma.
How much radiation is coming out of the x-ray tube and giong to expose the patient ]]> 2021-02-16 01:00:17 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205190064 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205190677 Dose is measured by absorbed dose, effective and equivalent dose.
Radiation exposure to patient is first measured by absorbed dose, from there it can be calculated and converted into equivalent dose and from there into effective dose.]]> 2021-02-16 01:00:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205190677 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205195338 2021-02-16 01:04:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205195338 Equivalent Dose (EqD) jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205195983 Quantity used for radiation protection purposes when a person receives exposure from various types of ionizing radiation]]> 2021-02-16 01:05:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205195983 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205229777 Attempts to numerically specify the differences in transferred energy and therefore potential biologic harm that are produced by different type of radiation. ]]> 2021-02-16 01:30:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205229777 Into account: jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205231895 -type of ionizing radiation (beta, alpha, gamma, x-ray, etc.)]]> 2021-02-16 01:31:42 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205231895 Sievert or millisievert jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205233473 2021-02-16 01:32:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205233473 EqD = D x Wr jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205233727 D = dose
Wr = Radiation weighting factor]]> 2021-02-16 01:33:04 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205233727 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205237192 2021-02-16 01:35:25 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205237192 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205238120 Although these measurements are different they are related ]]> 2021-02-16 01:36:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205238120 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205245232 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Process-of-measuring-air-kerma_fig1_322196743]]> 2021-02-16 01:40:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205245232 Oxygen enhancement ration (OER) jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205285352 Ratio of radiation dose required to cause a particular biologic response of cells or organisms in an oxygen-deprived environment to the radiation dose required to cause an identical response under normal oxygenated conditions ]]> 2021-02-16 02:14:29 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205285352 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205289029 OER = 3.0 when radiation dose is high
OER = ~2.0 when radiation dose is lower than 2 gray ]]> 2021-02-16 02:17:16 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205289029 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205294534 2021-02-16 02:21:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205294534 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205298169 Ratio of the type of radiation (250 kVp) to the dose of radiation of the type in question that is necessary to produce the same biologic reaction ]]> 2021-02-16 02:24:43 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205298169 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205301205 2021-02-16 02:27:23 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205301205 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205305044 Ionizing radiation may interact with the surrounding area when passing through a medium, losing energy along the path]]> 2021-02-16 02:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205305044 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205308124 Calculated by dividing the total energy deposited in the medium by the total length of the track, represented in kilo electron volts (keV) per micron]]> 2021-02-16 02:33:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205308124 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205310284 X-ray radiation is said to be 3 keV/mircon, relatively low LET compared to other types]]> 2021-02-16 02:35:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205310284 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205312012 LET is very important in determining tissue damage as biologic effects go hand in hand with the amount of ionizing radiation produced ]]> 2021-02-16 02:37:00 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205312012 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205316281 2021-02-16 02:40:31 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205316281 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205316291 2021-02-16 02:40:31 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205316291 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205317461 HIGH LET more likely to damage DNA, interact with DNA and cause internal contamination than LOW LET]]> 2021-02-16 02:41:27 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205317461 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205326488 Method to display the sensitivity of a particular type of cells to radiation]]> 2021-02-16 02:49:15 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205326488 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205329586 2021-02-16 02:51:59 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205329586 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205329860 The graph above show radiation sensitivity curves for both LOW LET and HIGH LET]]> 2021-02-16 02:52:13 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205329860 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205332412 LOW LET: At the low doses of ionizing radiation the cells are still able to repair and reproduce to keep the same survival rate. However, after a certain amount of radiation the rate decreases at a linear rate as the cells can't come back from the damage]]> 2021-02-16 02:54:28 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205332412 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205332531 HIGH LET: At these levels of ionizing radiation cells decrease at a constant rate, there is no "shoulder" and cells can't repair from the damage at any amount of this radiation]]> 2021-02-16 02:54:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205332531 Linear VS Non-linear jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205342646 2021-02-16 03:03:23 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205342646 Threshold VS Non-threshold jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205342984 2021-02-16 03:03:40 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205342984 Sigmoid or Linear Quadratic jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205345526 2021-02-16 03:05:57 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205345526 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350389 Non-Threshold: Effects or responses are seen from the first amount of radiation, no amount of radiation is considered safe]]> 2021-02-16 03:10:05 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350389 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350390 Threshold: Point or level where a response or reaction to an increasing stimulation first occurs, greater than 0]]> 2021-02-16 03:10:05 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350390 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350393 Sigmoid or S-curve: Different effects require different amounts of radiation ]]> 2021-02-16 03:10:06 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350393 jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350394 Linear Quadratic: The response or reaction increases drastically with the increase in radiation dose]]> 2021-02-16 03:10:06 UTC https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205350394 Citations jennaberry643 https://padlet.com/jennaberry643/6bfbfzifiz2wnjzu/wish/1205513548 Carroll, Quinn B. Radiography in the Digital Age: Physics, Exposure, Radiation Biology. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, Ltd., 2018. 

Statkiewicz-Sherer, Mary Alice, et al. Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography. Elsevier, 2018. 


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