Type IV: cell-mediated or delated-type by WENDY ER BEE TING https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb en-us 2023-08-11 02:36:14 UTC 2023-08-11 11:37:12 UTC hello@padlet.com Yu Jie 22020486_2 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659890274 Type IV hypersensitivity is also known as delayed type or cell-mediated hypersensitivity.

The initiator of this reaction would be the sensitized T cells. Upon the presence of antigen in the skin, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) would process and present it to the helper T cell. Upon exposure to the antigen, sensitive helper T cells would release cytokines, thus activating macrophages and other immune cells. Moreover, cytotoxic T cell is also activated which mediate direct cellular damage. This causes visible lesions at the site of the antigen present.]]> 2023-08-11 03:01:49 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659890274 Topical corticosteroids 220008181 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659896613 - a type of medication (corticosteroid cream or ointment) that reduces inflammation, itching and redness
- used to treat contact dermatitis which is a type of skin reaction caused by type IV hypersensitivity ]]> 2023-08-11 03:12:23 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659896613 Oral corticosteroids 220008181 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659896897 - a stronger form of corticosteroids
- used to treat more severe cases of type IV hypersensitivity 

]]> 2023-08-11 03:13:01 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659896897 Avoidance of allergens 220008181 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659897056 - avoid exposure to allergens that trigger the response
- change habits, products, or use hypoallergic alternatives]]> 2023-08-11 03:13:17 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659897056 Immunosuppressants 220008181 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659897431 - drugs that suppress the immune system
- prevent type IV hypersensitivity from happening again]]> 2023-08-11 03:13:53 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659897431 22022939_2 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659974364 Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction - PubMed (nih.gov)]]> 2023-08-11 05:21:00 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659974364 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659993883 https://healthinfo.healthengine.com.au/hypersensitivity-reaction-type-iv]]> 2023-08-11 05:47:20 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2659993883 Symptoms: https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660005419 Contact dermatitis ( when skin comes in contact with poison ivy, poison oak or nickel) , Fever, Pain, Swelling, Rash, Heart, liver and kidney problems ,Fatigue, Nausea, Diarrhea. Vomiting,]]> 2023-08-11 06:05:14 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660005419 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660006867 2023-08-11 06:07:40 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660006867 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660006974 2023-08-11 06:07:56 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660006974 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660007546 https://www.britannica.com/science/immune-system-disorder/Type-IV-hypersensitivity]]> 2023-08-11 06:08:51 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660007546 T cells 22022939_2 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660162299 - Main effector cells in type IV hypersensitivity
- Become activated after encounter antigen that they are sensitized to
- Activated T cells release cytokines to recruit and activate other immune cells

]]> 2023-08-11 11:28:59 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660162299 Macrophages 22022939_2 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660163458 - Phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy foreign invaders
- Activated by cytokines released from T cells
- Activated macrophages release their own cytokines -> further amplifies immune response]]> 2023-08-11 11:32:18 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660163458 Neutrophils 22022939_2 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660164332 - Granulocytes that are involved in early stages of inflammation
- Attracted to site of inflammation -> cytokines released by T cells and macrophages
- Release enzymes and ROS -> can damage tissue]]> 2023-08-11 11:34:46 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660164332 Dendritic cells 22022939_2 https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660165031 - Antigen-presenting cells -> capture and process antigens
- Present antigens to T cells -> trigger type IV hypersensitivity reaction]]> 2023-08-11 11:36:57 UTC https://padlet.com/220008181/6aigzg0v8feiiujb/wish/2660165031