Gave local government the power to raise taxes

Requires each parish to select 2 overseers of the poor

Raised taxes were used to build and maintain housing, give indoor relief for people who needed it ( old, disabled, worthy poor), and make tools needed for the poor to maintain jobs

Dorothea Dix proposed a Mental Health Reform Bill

The bill would make it so that 10 million acres of federal land was sold in order to support asylums and the indigent insane

Congress approved

President Franklin Pierce vetoed it

He didn't want to make it so the government was responsible for not only the insane but also the poor

https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/dorothea-dixs-tireless-fight-to-end-inhumane-treatment-for-mental-health-patients#:~:text=In%201854%2C%20the%20Congress%20approved,poor%20of%20the%20United%20States.”

Progressive Movement embraced and encouraged the idea of eugenics

State programs focused on institutionalized and mentally disabled women

Supreme Court upheld the eugenics laws

Indiana was the first to enact a eugenics law which allowed forced sterilization in order to not allow "criminals, idiots, imbeciles, and rapists" in state institutions to ever have children

eugenics started to rationalize sterilization of "venerable women" to protect them from unwanted pregnancy

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26322647/#:~:text=In%20the%20United%20States%2C%20members,targeted%20institutionalized%2C%20mentally%20disabled%20women.

first established to cover those in hazardous work in 1908

Gives financial compensation to workers who are hurt on the job or sick because of the job

https://www.doi.gov/pmb/hr/workerscompensation#:~:text=The%20FECA%20provides%20workers'%20compensation,for%20return%20to%20work%20efforts.

Limited the amount of immigrants allowed into the United States

only allowed 2% of the total number of people in each nationality as of the 1890 census to obtain immigration visas

https://history.state.gov/milestones/1921-1936/immigration-act#:~:text=The%20Immigration%20Act%20of%201924%20limited%20the%20number%20of%20immigrants,of%20the%201890%20national%20census.

created social security

• Insurance program that gives financial benefits to Americans that are retired

signed by President Roosevelt

must be 65+ in order to collect

3 major assignments of the act are public assistance, unemployment compensation, and old age insurance

https://www.ssa.gov/history/briefhistory3.html#:~:text=The%20Social%20Security%20Act%20was,a%20continuing%20income%20after%20retirement.

A New Deal program that gave jobs to unemployed people during the Great Depression

Harry Hopkins headed the program

built up parks, schools, and roads as part of the program as well

terminated in 1943 do to wartime unemployment going down

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Works-Progress-Administration

Allowed the forced removal of anyone deemed a threat to national security from the West Coast

All Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps

Issued by President Roosevelt

Many thought they were spy's

1862 people died in the internment camps due to the order

https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/executive-order-9066#:~:text=Issued%20by%20President%20Franklin%20Roosevelt,the%20incarceration%20of%20Japanese%20Americans.

Gave WW2 veterans funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing

signed by President Roosevelt

8 million veterans received educational benefits in the first 7 years

Did not make it easier for black veterans as they still faced prejudice and discrimination

https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/servicemens-readjustment-act

a program made in order to provide childcare and education to children under 5 of families who's income is at or below the federal poverty line

Services are centered around early learning and development, health, and family well-being

engages parents and involves family throughout the program

gives community based care to people with mental illness

part of JFKs New Frontier

changed how mental health services were provided and who was able to provide those services

changed how people saw mental illness

lowered the amount of people getting institutionalized

https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/jfkwha-236-002#:~:text=1576%2C%20the%20Community%20Mental%20Health,and%20treatment%20of%20mental%20retardation.

criminalizes discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

made employment discrimination illegal aswell

passed by Johnson but initially proposed by JFK

Ended segregation in public places

https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/civil-rights-act

Provides a grocery budget to low income families

helps people buy nutritious food

people can buy seeds with SNAP and can plant their own nutritious food if they wanted

program was initiated to help the poor as the country was getting out of the Great Depression

allows people to worry about the other things they need to spend their money on instead of worrying what they're going to eat

https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/history

government health insurance for people that are 65+and some people under 65 with disabilities or conditions

signed by President Johnson

https://www.cms.gov/about-cms/who-we-are/history

government health insurance for people with low income

signed into law alongside medicare

all 50 states and us territories have medicaid programs

https://www.medicaid.gov/about-us/program-history/index.html

a federal law that provides services to help older people live independently and with dignity

gave authority for grants to states for things like training people in the field of aging, research projects, and community planning

provides programs to prevent elder abuse

talking about people 60+

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231086/#:~:text=The%20original%20legislation%20established%20authority,in%20the%20field%20of%20aging.

Signed into law in 1970

requires federal agencies to figure out the effects their proposed actions will have on the environment before doing anything

established a national policy for the environment and made a council on environmental quality

promotes environmental protection

still in affect today

https://www.epa.gov/nepa/what-national-environmental-policy-act#:~:text=The%20National%20Environmental%20Policy%20Act%20(NEPA)%20was%20signed%20into%20law,actions%20prior%20to%20making%20decisions.

Monthly benefits given to people who are 65+, blind, have limited income, and/or have other qualifying disabilities

signed by President Nixon

watched over by the Social Security Administration

https://www.ssa.gov/history/briefhistory3.html#:~:text=The%20Social%20Security%20Act%20was,a%20continuing%20income%20after%20retirement.

aids low- income women, infants, and children up to 5 who are at a nutrition risk

works through grants from the federal government

provides supplemental foods, health care referrals, and nutrition education

https://health.mo.gov/living/families/wic/

Gives federal funding to states

helps support the prevention, assessment, investigation, prosecution, and treatment activities for child abuse victims

gave legal authority to remove children from unsafe houses and put them into the foster care system

establishes national definitions of child abuse and neglect

severely underfunded

https://www.childwelfare.gov/resources/about-capta-legislative-history/#:~:text=CAPTA%20provides%20Federal%20funding%20to,for%20demonstration%20programs%20and%20projects.

prohibits discrimination of any kind for any reason within the Community Development Block Grant programs or activities

funded community development for low income communities

signed by President Bush

amended banking and drug abuse laws

added sex as a protected class

https://realestatelicensewizard.com/housing-and-community-development-act-of-1974/#:~:text=The%20Housing%20and%20Community%20Development,of%20the%20real%20estate%20exam.

took young offenders out of adult prisons

gave federal standards of the minimum level of safety and treatment for youth in the juvenile system

made it so young people were not held to the same standards as adults for crimes

invests time and money into communities in order to ensure safety for the youth

https://www.impactlaw.com/criminal-law/juvenile/system/#:~:text=The%20Juvenile%20Justice%20and%20Delinquency%20Prevention%20Act%20called%20for%20a,timeframe%20was%20adjusted%20over%20time).

guaranteed equal access to education for children with disabilities

improved educational services

Developed IEPs for any student with a disability

have disabled children in the same classes as non disabled children as much as possible

signed by President Ford

https://www.gao.gov/products/113316#:~:text=Amendments%20to%20the%20Education%20of,available%20for%20all%20handicapped%20children.

gives people with low- moderate income a tax break

can be used to lower the amount of taxes you owe

used to incentivize low paid work

https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/individuals/earned-income-tax-credit-eitc#:~:text=The%20Earned%20Income%20Tax%20Credit,the%20IRS%20about%20the%20EITC%3F

created standards for taking naive children out of their homes

preferred placement of these children are with family or tribe members

gives protection for parents when talking about terminating their rights

was enacted in response to disproportionate removals targeting native families

https://www.childwelfare.gov/topics/tribal-child-welfare/indian-child-welfare-act/?top=1390

Created in order to reform the foster care system

required states to pay parents who adopt children with special needs

signed into law in 1980

enacted after issues with untrained social workers removing children from their homes and failed reunifications in the 1970s

https://www.lao.ca.gov/1996/010596_child_abuse/cw11096b.html#:~:text=Care%20Caseloads%20Increasing-,The%20Child%20Welfare%20Services%20System%2C%20Part%20A,condition%20for%20receiving%20federal%20funds.

the first federal response to homelessness

authorized assistance to those who are homeless

ensured that homeless youth could still enroll and go to school without issues

https://nche.ed.gov/legislation/mckinney-vento/

signed by President Reagan

Was enacted as part of Reagans War on Drugs

Strengthens enforcement of US drug laws

provides leadership in developing drug abuse prevention programs

https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/anti-drug-abuse-act-1986#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20House%20of%20Representatives,in%20developing%20drug%20abuse%20prevention

Protects people with disabilities from discrimination while living their daily life

protects them from discrimination in regards to employment, transportation, public accommodations, communication, and access to government programs

passed in 1990 by President Bush

https://www.dol.gov/general/topic/disability/ada#:~:text=The%20Americans%20with%20Disabilities%20Act,local%20government'%20programs%20and%20services.

federal program that provides care and treatment to people with low income who have HIV

provides emergency assistance to places that were affected by the AIDS epidemic

President Bush signed it into law

https://ryanwhite.hrsa.gov/livinghistory/#:~:text=On%20August%2018%2C%201990%2C%20Congress,low%2Dincome%20people%20with%20HIV.

designed to help employees balance work-life responsibilities

Allows people to take unpaid leave for family and medical reasons

employees are provided up to 12 work weeks of unpaid leave

first major piece of legislation that Clinton signed

https://www.oah.org/tah/november-3/the-history-of-family-leave-policies-in-the-united-states/#:~:text=After%20Clinton%20took%20office%20in,ultimately%20to%20include%20wage%20replacement.

designed to help and improve responses to sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking

The victim has to prove they have been caused harm by a US citizen and have been in the US for at least 3 years

signed by President Clinton

helps victims with housing, legal help, and prevention programs

https://nnedv.org/content/violence-against-women-act/

Helps needy families so children can be cared for in their own homes or in the homes of relatives

targeted towards single mothers

Five year time limit on assistance

https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF10036#:~:text=The%20Temporary%20Assistance%20for%20Needy%20Families%20(TANF)%20block%20grant%20was,%2C%20P.L.%20104%2D193).

Established a federal background check system for gun sales

signed by President Clinton

includes a waiting period for unlicensed people trying to buy a handgun

result of years of campaigning by Jim and Sarah Brady after Jim was shot in the head

https://www.bradyunited.org/resources/research/how-brady-background-checks-became-law#:~:text=Led%20by%20Jim%20and%20Sarah,all%20gun%20violence%20prevention%20laws.

Passed in 2006

Strengthened the nationwide sex offender registrations and closed loopholes

Goals included providing law enforcement with quick access of registered sex offenders, preventing child pornography, and making the internet safe for kids

https://www.justice.gov/criminal/criminal-ceos/sex-offender-registration-and-notification-act-sorna#:~:text=Sex%20offender%20registration%20is%20a,current%20location%20and%20past%20offenses.

Does not recognize same sex marriage

legally defined marriage as between a man and a woman

allows investigators to get information when looking into terrorism related crimes

provides tools required to intercept or obstruct terrorism

expanded surveillance, interagency communication, and increased penalties

https://www.justice.gov/archive/ll/what_is_the_patriot_act.pdf

enacted in order to hold schools responsible for how kids learned and achieved

provided more education opportunities for student in poverty, students of color, students receiving special education services, and students who either dont know any english or a little english

requires states to allow students with IEPs or 504s to use them on statewide testing

https://www.understood.org/en/articles/no-child-left-behind-nclb-what-you-need-to-know

3 primary goals:

• Make affordable health insurance available to more people

• expand medicaid programs

• support innovative medical care delivery methods

• https://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/about-the-aca/index.html#:~:text=The%20Patient%20Protection%20and%20Affordable,insurance%20available%20to%20more%20people.

Signed by President Trump

helped workers, families, and businesses affected greatly by the 2020 coronavirus pandemic

gave unemployment insurance benefits to laid off workers

monthly allowance for families with children

https://ncua.gov/regulation-supervision/letters-credit-unions-other-guidance/summary-coronavirus-aid-relief-and-economic-security-cares-act#:~:text=The%20Coronavirus%20Aid%2C%20Relief%2C%20and%20Economic%20Security%20Act%20was%20signed,benefits%20and%20loan%20guarantee%20programs.

some of the goals were to gain racial justice, overcome police brutality, defund police, reform criminal justice system, etc.

Began with the shooting of Trayvon Martin in 2012

grew nationally after the deaths of Michael Brown and Eric Garner

grew worldwide after George Floyd

https://blacklivesmatter.com/about/#:~:text=Our%20Mission,commitment%20to%20arts%20and%20culture.