Note taking history by María Belen Garza

Neanderthals

mariagarza8 — 2024-05-28 14:04:58 UTC

Their name came from the Neander Valley in what is now Germany.

They appeared around 230,000 years ago in Europe and some parts of Asia.

They were the first civilization to bury their death and they also had somewhat of a language.

Homo Sapiens

mariagarza8 — 2024-05-28 14:08:52 UTC

Homo Sapiens have walked arond earth for 200,000 years.

They are also called "modern humans"

Their origin is believed to be in Africa

Homo Sapiens learned how to adapt to their environment to survive with things like tools, artifacts and fire. They also developed a complex language.

They are taller, lighter and have different bodies compared to the Neanderthals.

Thanks to migration, they were able to spread all around the world.

Religion

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:29:04 UTC

Their religion was animism, meaning they painted animals like bison of deer to honor their spirits and ask for forgiveness for killing them.

Domestication

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:30:21 UTC

People domesticated plants and animals by changing them so they could be useful for humans. Crops like wheat, rice maize and animals like horeses sheep and cattle were domesticated. This was called Neolithic Revolution.

Caves

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:31:47 UTC

Caves were a reunion spot for Neolithic people, they liked painting in the walls and making stone sculptures there too. Cave paintings were believed to bring luck in hunting.

Stone Age

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:32:46 UTC

Stone Age was characterized by the artpieces and hunting tools made out of stone so they could be more efficient.

Tools

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:33:58 UTC

Stone axes were used for farmland but as they developed bronze and iron tools started to appear, which were even more efficient.

Culture

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:35:36 UTC

Their culture was mostly based on their cave paintings, statues about important beliefs, ceremonies they performed and even animals.

Burying their dead

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:37:18 UTC

This practice is a very clear sign that these cultures were ahead of their time since it represents sentimentalism that comes attached with the love that this person brought to people's life and their need to keep their body protected.

Anthropology and archaeology

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:45:31 UTC

Anthropology is the study of human beings, their behavior, and all their interactions with nature.

Archaeology is a branch of anthropology that is focused on the study of things that humans left behind in the past

Fossils and remains

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:47:41 UTC

The fossils are things that were left of beings that existed a long time ago.

An artifact is everything left behind that was made and used by humans to make a task easier.

Ways to determina a fossil's age

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 14:53:34 UTC

Comparing them to other fossils to see how deep in the ground they were burried which determined for how much time they had been around.
Radioactive dating by measuring radioactive material contained in fossils.

Hunter-gatherers

mariagarza8 — 2024-06-03 15:00:52 UTC

They lived by hunting small animals and gathering plants. They also probably scavenged for food left by predators. They formed societies and developed ways to improve their chances for survival

Lucy is one of the oldest human fossils discovered. She was found on East Africa and belonged to the hunter-gatherer society.

Humans like Lucy used fire to keep themselves warm during winters and cook animals that they hunted.

They also built tools with materials like animal skins, wood, bones and antlers.