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      <title>Mason Carmolingo Independent Research by Nancy McHugh</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo</link>
      <description>https://www.technologyreview.com/s/604087/the-dark-secret-at-the-heart-of-ai/

After reading this article, do you believe Artificial Intelligence will have a positive or negative effect on the world in the future? Why?</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2019-02-04 21:42:07 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2019-02-12 21:11:14 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>Justin Crawford</title>
         <author>crawford_justin</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/328833263</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>After reading the article, “The Dark Secret at the Heart of AI,” I feel that too much artificial intelligence(AI) could surely have a negative impact on the future. In my opinion, there needs to be a limit on the amount of AI that is developed and used throughout society. I do agree that AI provides some efficiencies that can be beneficial. For example, if used in the HR field, it can eliminate personal bias and the simple AI technology of recording conversations, after properly being notified that this is happening, can be used to verify important information, as well as to improve customer service experiences and to learn from them. AI can also simplify some processes, like when you are texting and it automatically brings up the next word it thinks you are going to type and it’s correct. However, AI needs to be limited or I feel it will negatively impact the future for the following reasons. Our human nature thrives on making and building relationships with others, and if we have AI systems making and performing tasks that we as humans are accustomed to doing, we are not building these relationships, which I feel can lead to people feeling depressed and not needed. We as humans also need the feeling of self achievement through decision making and self accomplishment and by replacing our human achievements and accomplishments with machines making those decisions for us will lead to people feeling unsuccessful. I also feel that AI can make us feel personally violated in ways. For example, I feel that it violates my personal space when I am working on my computer and all of the sudden ads pop up for items that I was just telling my mom that I liked. You start to feel that nothing is private anymore and not even when you are in your own home. My other concern regarding too much AI, is that humans build and develop relationships on trust and AI negates that entire process. With AI, you lose the interaction between each other. I agree with what Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Director of AI research for Apple, says in the article regarding that explainability is the core to an evolving relationship between humans and intelligent machines, in order to build trust. Our human nature revolves around trust. Without trust, healthy relationships do not evolve and we as individuals will not listen or rely on any type of AI if we do not have that trust. That is why I feel there should be a limit as to the amounts and types of AI utilized. After reading this article, the most ironic part about AI is it still comes down to humans investigating and testing AI to try and determine how it works and if it can be relied on. In my opinion, we shouldn’t get rid of AI all together, but instead of having AI replace human involvement, there should be collaboration between humans and AI to develop systems that are beneficial and where people can have the confidence that the systems can be trusted. I feel with this approach, it will prevent AI from having a negative impact on the future.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-07 16:37:10 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/328833263</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Antonio Matos</title>
         <author>matos_antonio</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329013231</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I believe that artificial intelligence will have a positive effect on the world if used for the right things. I believe that the right things to use artificial intelligence for is in hospitals and in the military. It would be positive to use in hospitals or any type of health care because the AI can spot things that might be missed by the vision of the human. Also if the technology can be used control vehicles in the army such as tanks and planes, then less people will have to put their lives at risk and more people can be used on foot. There are also some negative effects that I believe will occur if AI is used for the wrong things. If AI were to be used to make self driving cars it could put some people out of jobs with apps such a lyft and uber. Those apps could be a primary source of income for people in the world today. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-07 22:41:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329013231</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Tim’s response </title>
         <author>jalowitz_timothy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329622135</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I believe that AI will have a negative effect on the future because machines can malfunction and that can cause many problems. The self driving car at first may drive well ,but over time like most machines they may stop working while it is driving a crash or have some kind of malfunction in the AI machine that causes it to do something it should not hurting the people inside the car. Also a AI machine helping with law cases for sentences can also cause problems. The AI machine does not have the companion that a person would have possibly giving someone a more strict sentence then they should have. With AI machine uses in medicine to find out what kind of ailment you have can also have problems because if the AI machine says you have an ailment that you don’t you will go through treatment that you don’t need that could hurt you body even more. They said in the article that the creators of the machines don’t even know how it makes its descions which is very scary to me. Some AI machines are good to have but I don’t think we should rely on them to do thinks that humans are capable of doing theirselves.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 17:23:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329622135</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Christopher Matarazzo</title>
         <author>matarazzo_chris</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329634446</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>After reading the article, I believe artificial intelligence can have both a positive and negative effect on the world in the future. There are definitely two sides to this argument. First, there are many AI machines that will help the US in the military. The military is using billions of dollars to figure out a type of machinery that can learn to fly planes and identify targets. In the long run, I believe that this can easily be figured out due to the huge improvements in technology in the 21st century compared to the past billions of years that the earth has been in existence. It may take some years, but it will be helpful later. If this plan would work out, then it would save many innocent lives and help the US claim victory in many wars. On the other hand, I believe there is a negative side to the argument as well. Soon enough, with the amazing technology that is out there today, AI machinery has a chance to become so powerful that it will mimic human nature to the point where the technology tries to take over the human race. For example, 100 years from now, a robot can be so intelligent that it will have the power to kill humans, hack into US systems, and figure out a way to wipe out humanity completely.  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 18:50:38 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329634446</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Will Reynolds</title>
         <author>reynolds_william</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329636855</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Even though, most people, including myself, are a bit skeptical about the future with AI, I believe that AI will have a positive impact on the future world. An example of the positive impact of AI in the future is with self-driving automobiles. For a few years now, many automobile companies have been working on self-driving cars with a few of them releasing self-driving models more recently. Even though there is still more work to be done, the future with self-driving cars would eliminate human error, which would decrease the number of accidents and deaths. AI could also be used as an advantage in military use. The U.S. military is pouring billions into projects that will use machine learning to pilot vehicles and aircraft, identify targets, and help analysts sift through huge piles of intelligence data. There is still work to be done on the matter, but once the concerns are resolved, AI would change the way military powers operate. AI would also be able to help in many other fields, such as medical and financial. In conclusion, there is still work to be done to perfect AI, but once it is perfected, it will have a positive impact on the future world.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 19:09:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329636855</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Menet Response</title>
         <author>menet_luke</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329637557</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I believe that artificial intelligence will prove to have a positive effect on the future. Many people are scared by the notion of A.I., no doubt brought on by apocalyptic stories like that of the Terminator. However, I believe that A.I. Will truly champion the future. In the article, it has been shown to be capable of deducing things that humans can’t by studying hundreds of thousands of cases and creating an algorithm from the data. The only real argument against the introduction of A.I. To more fields is that we cannot understand its reasoning. However, is that a reason not to trust it? Above all else, humans have evolved to to trust their instincts. When you are unsure about a given situation, a safe bet is to “go with your gut”. Even when we cannot explain our thought processes, we find ourselves sticking to intuition, and it is correct a surprising amount of times. If we cannot offer an explanation as to why we can stick with intuition, why should A.I. have to? Just because we do not understand why the computer chooses to do something does not mean we cannot trust the computer. When the only reason to limit A.I. Is faulty, why should we? I believe that once we use artificial intelligence to its fullest potential, it will have an overwhelmingly positive influence. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 19:15:20 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329637557</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Peter Thompson</title>
         <author>thompson_peter1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329647608</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Artificial Intelligence will have both huge benefits and merits, but will also have a slight downside. As a whole I believe the positive effect will outweigh the negative, due to how many situations it can be useful for. From the medical field to driving the benefits of having an extremely smart AI are endless. Good AI could not only add jobs to strengthen the economy, but it will also free humans up to do more meaningful tasks. Not to mention the driverless cars mentioned in the article could even make things like drunk driving accidents, a thing of the past. But there are also huge downsides to this. The most obvious one is the terminator like future that humans could be presenting where the AI is stronger than the humans that made it. This is a genuine problem that won't become a problem for a couple of decades. Another common negative stance is that AI will one day replace human interaction. Personally, this stance is a little absurd. One day AI might be able to hold a conversation, but this will never have the social contracts found in society today. As complex as the algorithms get and more lifelike these AI become, is a benefit for the whole of society.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 20:20:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329647608</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Alec Manzer</title>
         <author>manzer_alec</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329655310</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I believe that artificial intelligence will have a positive effect on society in the future. However, we should stop advancing these programs until we know how to properly control them. The main problem seems to be that the creators of these “deep learning” systems are unable to understand how they operate. Although this advancement of technology is definitely something to be desired, we need to be careful about what we are creating. As stated in the article, we should at least be able to take an educated guess as to how these systems work, similarly to how we do with our own brains.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 21:02:35 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329655310</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Tyler Lunt</title>
         <author>lunt_tyler</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329675307</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I believe that artificial intelligence would have a negative effect on the world. The article says how researchers are almost able to create a robot that can drive a car. I think that this is completely unnecessary because humans are doing fine driving by themselves. Technology is not something that somebody can trust with their life. I would not be able to get in a car that drives itself because if something bad happens, then it's the technology's fault. However, if I am driving a car and I do something, I know that it was my fault and nothing else. I can take the blame and not risk it on a robot.<br>Also it talks about how these computers can program themselves. To drive a car, it watches a human drive and follows what the human does. Since humans do make mistakes, there is a very high chance that a computer will make a mistake. What humans have that computers don't is reaction time. A computer runs a single program while humans can change quickly if necessary. A computer that can program itself is not necessarily a good thing. Eventually as our understanding of this grows, computers could be able to create themselves. This is a far stretch, but can be very dangerous.<br>Even though the computers are having a positive affect on diseases, I believe that pursuing bigger and bigger advancements in technology will only output negative results. If technology can get so smart as to program itself, what stops it from doing whatever it wants?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 23:17:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329675307</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Harrison Dumas</title>
         <author>dumas_harrison1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329680206</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Artificial Intelligence has the ability to make some drastic improvements to every day life.  From self driving cars to medical enhancements, AI seems like a no-brainer. But, there was one quote in this article that stuck me and completesly changed my mind on the once positive outlook on AI. this quote read, "even the engineers that built these apps cannot fully explain their behavior." To me, that raises many red flags. If the engineer that is creating the piece of AI does not even fully understand how it works, then how do we know it is completely safe. For example, if a someone is using AI to diagnose a treatment for some sort of ailment, and the person that designed the AI does not really understand how the piece of equiptment works fully, the diagnosis could be incorrect and lead to very terrible things happening to a patient. So in conclusion, I believe that AI will have a negative effect on the world in the future. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-10 23:50:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329680206</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Evan Kim</title>
         <author>kim_evan</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329706206</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>After reading the article, and considering the arguments and figures that were presented, I think that artificial intelligence will have a greatly negative effect on our society. The biggest piece of information in the article that lead me to this decision was that as soon as we make artificial intelligence more intelligent than humans, it will always be more intelligent than humans, no matter what. Logically, this makes sense. The A.I. will be able to gather and process information much faster than we ever will. This, to me, brings up a major issue. A.I. will very quickly overtake humans as the more intelligent beings, and it will be impossible for us to understand what it is that they are doing. When they accomplish something astounding, we will only be able to see it as spectators. We won't be able to comprehend how they did what they did, only what the end result was. I fear that we will become dependent upon them, without having a way to control or know what exactly they are doing. <br><br>Another problem that I see with them is that we are creating a being with a conscience that is completely unknown. Understanding their thought process and decision making will be just as complex as understanding our own. As humans, we are able to predict what people will do based off of centuries of human experience. We at least have some knowledge of how humans behave. With the creation of more advanced A.I. we have no idea what they will do, even if we program to make decisions a certain way. The minute we make them smarter than humans themselves, their "minds" can quite literally wonder anywhere. We will be creating something that is completely unpredictable. <br><br>With these reasons, I think that Artificial Intelligence will have vastly negative effect on our society. So much so, that our society may turn into a world where humans are not the dominant species. It sounds like an absurd and scary thought, but it could very well happen. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-11 02:40:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329706206</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Mrs. McHugh</title>
         <author>mchughnancy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329846937</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>It is now 8:48am - the submission deadline has passed. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-02-11 13:48:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/mchughnancy/6444zd1kf8zo/wish/329846937</guid>
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