Sports Management by Kelly H

HISTORY OF SPORTS IN SCHOOL

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 19:39:23 UTC

The history of youth sports began many years ago. Some of the earliest games consisted of "lacrosse" played by priests because the stick resembles a bishop's cross shaped crosier. Despite the long history of unofficial sports, organized athletics did not begin until the mid-nineteenth century.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 19:41:13 UTC

"as long as there are boys and girls, a need for play and competition will exist" (Principles and Practice of Sports Management)

NINETEENTH CENTURY ORGANIZED SPORTS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 19:48:07 UTC

Organized sports started first in private schools in the US. The idea began with increased health and wellness for students required physical activity. Public schools began to incorporate physical activity at a much slower rate than private.

NON SCHOOL YOUTH SPORT ORGANIZATION

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 19:51:13 UTC

Most common non school agency to develop was the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA).

THE HISTORY OF YMCA

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:04:29 UTC

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:09:18 UTC

Governance: The system of rules, processes, and practices that guide the decision-making and actions of a sports organization.

NATIONAL FEDERATION OF STATE HIGH SCHOOL ASSOCIATIONS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:15:03 UTC

nonprofit organization
national coordinator for high school sports
comprised of three components
other organizations affiliated with NFHS:
- NFHS coaches association
- NFHS officials association
- NFHS music association
- NFHS speech, debate, and theatre association

NATIONAL YOUTH LEAGUE ORGANIZATIONS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:16:41 UTC

promote participation in a particular sport for children

little league baseball = best known national youth league organization

LITTLE LEAGUE BASEBALL

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:18:41 UTC

four levels of organization: local, district, region, and international

"Rules also require that every child plays in every game"

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:21:50 UTC

("Principles and Practice of Sport Management")

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:24:13 UTC

School Athletic Director/League Director
Officials and Judges

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:25:32 UTC

Above is an article about a day in the life of a high school coach. The article goes through the ups and downs, as well as the challenges and rewards one particular coach gets within his career in this age group.

MANAGEMENT OF A YOUTH TEAM

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:28:48 UTC

As a couch of a younger age group, many challenges arise within the area of winning, safety, opportunities, and professionalism.

Most recent concerns in regards to managing youth teams have been surrounded by head injuries.

FINANCIAL CONCERNS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:29:02 UTC

school and youth organizations = non profit enterprises
Some parents are unable to afford the expensive budget of sports resulting in decrease sports participation of their child
Transportation to the sports practices becomes an issue when parents are trying to work for children to be a part of the team

CONCUSSIONS AMONG YOUNG ATHLETES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:32:26 UTC

Knowing the signs of a concussion as a parent is a key intervention to prevent worsening of the injury or longer healing times. Concussions affect not only sports performance, but school performance. These ages are a critical time for educational learning within school systems and it is important to prioritize.

WHY NOT THE METRIC SYSTEM?

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:40:10 UTC

The US is one of three counties in the world to use the metric system.

The only sport that has embraced the metric system is track and field.

The metric system has been a controversial topic in the track and field community.

HOME SCHOOLED ATHLETES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:42:21 UTC

Many studies have found that homeschooling athletes can be very beneficial to their performance in professional sports. The controversy behind this though, is that this time is critical for education. Is it worth taking time away from learning to focus on training?

LGBTQ ATHLETES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:45:04 UTC

LGBTQ students have been more targeted, resulting in a more difficult time getting involved in sports. The article states how many LGBTQ members choose not to participate in sports with fear of discrimination. Only 1 in 3 LGBTQ members reported participating in sports teams.

PREDATORS IN SPORTS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:50:10 UTC

Many sexual abuse cases are seen today within childhood sports. Cases continue to show up within the community and have caused changes with how coaches respond and treat their athletes

"The molesters are almost always men, and in youth sports most, though not all, of the victims, are boys."

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:51:29 UTC

LEGAL ISSUES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-28 23:54:48 UTC

Winning is the biggest goal for schools and sports organizations
Rules can get blurred when the desire to win is so high
Many teams have been altered do to this inability to follow sport regulations

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:05:02 UTC

This is a very interesting article taking a look at the beginning of sports in different parts of the worlds. It is interesting to see the similarities between these beginning sports, and some of the ones we see today.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:08:00 UTC

Athletic directors are key positions in making university sports properly function. This article explains a detailed job description on an athletic director at Ohio State University.

"Intercollegiate athletic is a major segment of the sport industry" (Principles and Practice of Sport Management)

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:09:56 UTC

The amount of college athletes today is the highest it has ever been in history. Not only is college athletics seen as an activity for athletes, it is a business for all of the people behind the scenes of the games.

EVOLUTION OF COLLEGIATE ATHLETICS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:11:30 UTC

financial changes
world series changes
rivalries dissolving
new members
coaching changes

HISTORY OF COLLEGIATE ATHLETICS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:14:14 UTC

The first every intercollegiate athletic event was between Harvard and Yale. The event was a crew race and was located right here in Massachusetts. Soon after, other sports began to follow this idea of intercollegiate competitions. Baseball was the next sport to participate in this idea, then football, and many more soon after.

The events and competitions originally began student run and took place in the 1800s. No coaches were involved in the events, but as they became more popular, more fans and spectators came to watch.

THE FIRST COACH

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:15:45 UTC

As competitions between intercollegiate athletics grew, students who ran the events realized that more help was needed in order to properly operate the events. The first coach was hired in 1864, William Wood. He was the coach of the Yale crew team and hired to help the team win.

WILLIAM WOOD

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:17:25 UTC

"Yale hired William Wood to train its crew, making him the first professional coach in American college athletics" (nytimes).

FOOTBALLS EFFECT ON SPORTS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:19:31 UTC

Football was seen as a very dangerous sport when first beginning. With the high risk of injuries, administrators were deemed to get involved in the athletics. Princeton university was the first college to form an athletics committee as a result of football at the school. Soon after, other faculty members got together to create higher branches of the committee, and official representatives.

CARNEGIE REPORTS OF 1929

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:23:23 UTC

The foundation visited 112 colleges to identify multiple cases of different kinds of abuse. The reports stated that the president and faculty of the staff carried responsibility for control over the college athletics.

WOMEN IN INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:25:41 UTC

Sports were originally oriented for men and the extent of sports for women remained in physical education class. The first collegiate sport for women was introduced by Senda Berenson of Smith College. Although trying to create equality for men and women in the world of sports, changes were still made to make an appropriate game suitable for women.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:27:17 UTC

Senda modified 13 rules to the mens game of basketball to accommodate the women playing. These changes were set to make the game less strenuous and more inclusive.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:37:06 UTC

NCAA: The primary rule-making body for college athletics ("Principles and Practice of Sport Management")

NCAA ORGANIZATION

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:41:50 UTC

The NCAA, National Collegiate Athletic Association, is composed of three divisions. Division I is the highest level of college sports and includes many well known universities and programs. Division II is less demanding than DI. There are less rigorous year round commitment, but still relatively intense. Division III allows the athlete to focus on academics as much as the sport. The sport is the least demanding and offers a well rounded college experience.

CONFERENCES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:44:27 UTC

Member conferences of the NCAA provide many benefits to the institutions. The member conferences have a big say in the NCAA rules and regulation, directors, and allows other people to have a say.

BELOW THE ATHLETIC DIRECTOR

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:47:20 UTC

assistant athletic directors specializing in:
- business manager
- media relations
- social media
- ticket sales
- fund coordinator
- marketing director
- sport program administrator
- event coordinator
- academic affairs director
- compliance coordinator
- student positions

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:48:30 UTC

"A job in college athletics is hard to come by because many people are trying to break into this segment of the sport industry" ("Principles and Practice of Sport Management")

ISSUES WITHIN COLLEGIATE SPORTS:

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:52:04 UTC

Finances: the price of college athletics has continued to increase leading to the next issue
Should athletes be paid or not
Sexual abuse from coaches
Low hiring rates for minorities and women

JERRY SANDUSKY

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 19:59:47 UTC

The awful story of Sandusky is unfortunately something that is seen very often in sports. It is something that is tried to cover up to save the reputation of the school or team that was apart of it, but creates trauma and deteriorates the victims mental wellbeing.

CHANGES IN THE NCAA: SCHOLARSHIPS

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:01:50 UTC

Athletic scholarships are a relatively new idea and has been added on since the beginning of the NCAA. Not only scholarships but budget and funding opportunities. These financial advancements help to progress the financial issue seen among sports.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:07:36 UTC

Shrewsbury High School, home of the colonials, is where I went to school. I was a member of the crew team, which was a rare sport to find. In Massachusetts, there are only 19 high school crew teams.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:08:35 UTC

Shrewsbury High currently has 34 varsity teams, 17 junior varsity teams, 3 freshman and 3 middle school sport programs that compete at a D1 state level.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:09:39 UTC

Westfield State University, home of the owls, is a very different athletic program than my high school was. I have not participated in athletics here at Westfield, but found it interesting to compare the two schools athletic departments.

MIAA

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:12:18 UTC

The Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association is a part of the Shrewsbury High school Athletics. The mission statement is to provide leadership and support of interscholastic athletics and allows them to enrich the educational experiences of all participants.

CONCUSSION POLICY

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:16:42 UTC

On the schools website, there is a resource for the Shrewsbury Public Schools concussion policy. The policy states that student athletes that get a concussion are able to fully recover with proper healing. This means that in absolutely no circumstances are students allowed to continue playing, as long as the student self reports symptoms to the coach. The goal that the school works towards is making sure the students know the signs and symptoms of a concussion so they are able to self report.

CONCUSSION PROTOCOL

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:18:46 UTC

All members of the Shrewsbury High extracurricular activities must take an online course providing the member with proper information on identifying a concussion, as well as risks of not properly treating a concussion. Players must be symptoms free for 48 hours before returning to the activity. On the Shrewsbury high website, they have instructions for each day to follow for proper treatment and healing of the injury.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:21:37 UTC

The Shrewsbury High School Athletic Department is a good example of a very professional - like athletic department at a lower level. With such demanding practices and competitions, the administration plays a big role in making sure that the student athletes education comes first. The principal may remove or suspend a student from athletics at any time if necessary.

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:22:45 UTC

Westfield State is a D3 school, meaning that athletes have an adequate and balanced college experience including school, sports, and socialization.

POLICIES

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:25:07 UTC

In college, an issue that is not as often seen in High School athletics is hazing. This is a form of bullying that has had to put laws against doing as it became so popular. The student athlete handbook it attached.

THE DEFINITION OF HAZING

kellyhesterr — 2023-11-30 20:33:35 UTC