https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj It'll get on your nerves. en-us 2017-11-24 11:41:58 UTC 2017-12-18 19:52:02 UTC hello@padlet.com https://emojipedia-us.s3.amazonaws.com/thumbs/120/emoji-one/104/brain_1f9e0.png jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216933997 This video covers 1.2 of the set criteria.
The Fuseschool video shows from 0:30-1:00 what a reflex arc is and how it occurs within our body. The presenter shows diagrams and images on how its possible and explain as he goes along.
At 1:30 he explains how sensory neurons and motor neurons work together in a reflex arc using a hot stove as an example. The flow of the electrical pathway is as follows; stimulus → receptor → sensory neurone → central nervous system → motor neurone → effector pathway to stimulus → receptor → sensory neurone → motor neurone → effector pathway.
He has this pathway in his description where he goes into further detail on the roles of the motor and sensory neurons.
He briefly mentions the two types of reflexes: simple and conditioned and what the difference is. One example he uses is pavlovs dogs and how they have learned to salivate when a bell is rung.
The source, I found, was useful and simple In explaining how a reflex arc works and what's involved in it. The presenters information is reliable and the YouTube channel (Fuseschool) has various educational videos created by professors, tutors and lecturers.

Reference
Fuseschool, 2017. [Online] available at :https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Nn2RHLWST-k, accessed on:16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:27:06 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216933997 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216934937 This video covers all criteria.
The video is incredibly detailed and is tailored in a way that beginners to biology, a-level students and higher can make use of it. Hank Green, the presenter is ex streaky effective in explaining points in a way to make us understand him.
 At 0:45 he starts talking about neurons and nerves and how electrical signel are transmitted.
 At 1:44 he begins to detail the central and peripheral nervous system and from 2:17 to 3:20 talks about the afferent and efferent neurons, how afferent is sensory and what is does and how efferent is motor while talking about what they do. He begins tocover 1.1 as he talks about the structure of the central nervous system and goes into detail about each neuron.
He begins to cover 2.1 around the 3:30 to 6:20 mark where he goes into detail about the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system. He explains that sympathetic and parasympathetic are part of the autonomic nervous system and what each do.
At the 6:20 mark Green the structure and function of all the neurons involved in the CNS and how they work together (this helps cover 1.1,1.2)
From 7:48-10:20 he covers point 1. 3 in great detail. Explaining how the sodium- potassium pump works and also explains the voltage gated ion channels in detail.
This video is incredibly reliable and trustworthy. Hank Green and his crash course videos gain millions of views overtime due to the reliability of his information. He uses scientific terminology while also teaching the basics to help others. He uses high quality images, diagrams and information to educate others. His other videos are all educational and all have the same amount of quality to them
Reference- Green,H. 2017.The Nervous System, [Online] available at: https://youtu.be/x4PPZCLnVkA, accessed on 16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:29:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216934937 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216935964 This video is by Hank Green and covers criterias 1.1, 2.1 and some of 1.2
Green at Mark 1:30 goes into detail about sensory input and how signel travel to the CNS via sensory neurons he also talks about reflex arcs without actually stating it. He mentions how a signal is sent to the CNS then is interpreted and sent back (his example was a spider on your leg creates a signal to shake your leg)
He covers 1.1 and 2.1 from 2:27-6:20 where he talks about the central nervous systems structure and the peripheral nervous system. He details how sensory and motor neurons are involved here and what they do. He also covers how voulentry and involuntary actions are part of the autonomic nervous system.
Green then explains how each neuron has a similar structure by detailing the soma, axon dendrites etc at 6:28.
From 7:21-8:30 Green explains the functions and shows images of sensory, motor and connector neurons and how each work together. He also shows the structure of the multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar neurons.
From here he explains the role of each in his example from the first couple ofimutes of the video and how each neuron works to send signals to the CNS and back again the a reflex arc.
The videos is incredibly detailed and Green explains each step and diagram he displays. His audience is mainly biology students and people interested in biology and he tailors his information so beginners and students can learn from him. His videos are educational and are very reliable. I trust this source as he has millions of educational videos with millions of reviews and his YouTube channel is mainly educational.
Reference
Green, H. 2017The Nervous System- part 1. [Online] available at:
https://youtu.be/qPix_X-9t7E, accessed on: 16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:33:00 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216935964 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216936713 This video covers criteria 1.2 and 1.1 briefly.
At 1:00 the presenter details how sensory information goes into the CNS and talks about the process of the reflex arc and what happens.
At 3:10 she uses the example of pricking our finger on a pin to show how a reflex occurs and where the signals travel to make a reaction happen. She shows her examples via drawings which I liked as it makes things simpler to explain and I could draw them myself if I wanted to.
Her information and terminology were sound so I'm happy with saying the source is reliable. Her other videos are also all educational and presented in the same way. It's not the highest quality but doesn't need to be because she still explains the criteria clearly and precisely.

Reference
2017.types of neurons and the reflex arc. [Online] available at:https://youtu.be/M1E9Lm16cUs. Accessed on:16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:34:57 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216936713 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216938128 This image covers criteria 1.1 about the structure of each neuron.
The image is incredibly simple to understand and outlines the structure of the main 3 neurons stated in our criteria. It goes into detail about the structure of each, the location, each of the neurons dendrites and axons and their functions. I would use this image along with a video or other pieces of information as it is to basic on its own to be useful. It doesn't show pictures or explain how they relate to each other.
The image is reliable when used with other sources but couldnt be used on its own as I've stated above. It's still a very value source though as it has reliable information that can be checked against other information of its kind.
Reference
2017. Comparing the motor, sensory and connector neurons. [Online] available at :https://qph.ec.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-0f8439232f44458f5ef708299ad0e310-c, accessed on: 16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:38:52 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216938128 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216938925 This diagram shows us how a reflex arc occurs in a knee jerk situation and the neurons involved. It clearly covers 1.2 and shows the direction of the electrical signals sent via the sensory neurons to the Interneurons and back to the motor neurons to produce a reaction. It's very informative and shows the grey matter and ganglia involved in the process.
While the sourcs is informative and detailed I wouldn't use it on its own but rather alongside something like a video I've put on a padlet to help myself understand the subject abit more. It covers the criteria better when done this way. It's a reliable source of information and can be compared to others of its kind to show the same results and I trust the source because of this


Reference
2017. Knee jerk reflex arc. [Online] available at :http://images.slideplayer.com/24/6939913/slides/slide_2.jpg. Accessed on:16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:40:59 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216938925 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216940044 This image helps cover 1.3.
It is a clear image showing the action potential down a neuron and how it occurs. It shows at point a the depolarisation at the soma. At point b it shows the depolarisation going further down the axon
And the first part of the membrane becoming repolarised again and explains details about the Na channels are inactive and the K channels have opened meaning the membrane cannot be depolarised again. Then at point C it shows the continuous depilirisation, depolarisation and resting phase of the neuron.
The diagram is basic but contains alot of terminology relevant to the subject. It's reliable and credible coming from a website which details other education and scientific subjects.
Reference
Boundless-biology. 2017. Voltage gated channels. [Online] available at :https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/how-neurons-communicate/
Accessed on: 17/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:44:11 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216940044 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216940433 This image helps cover 1.3 in greater detail.
The image clearly states the processes involved in action potential moving along the presynaptic neuron through the synaptic cleft to the post synaptic neuron. It details how the voltage gayest open at point 2 and how Ca2+ entering causes the neurotransmitter (containing synaptic vesicles) releases their contents via exocytosis. The lower part of the image is crucial as it shows the ion gated channels opening and closing and labels them clearly.
Although the image seems complex it is easily broken down into stages to show how action potential travels across neurons.
I find the image to be trustful and reliable as it comes from the same website as the first image. The website it comes from is educational and contains various scientific diagrams, explanations and illustrations.
Reference
Boundless-biology. 2017. Voltage gated channels. [Online] available at :https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/how-neurons-communicate/
Accessed on: 17/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:45:21 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216940433 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216940767 The graph shown helps answer criteria 1.3
This graph would be used alongside the other images I have provided to help explain 1.3. It helps to explain the membrane potential over time of depolarisation where the potential difference reaches the threshold of - 55mV this is where the voltage gated sodium ion channels open. Repolarisation where the potential difference is around +30mV. After this sodium ion channels close and the voltage gated potassium ion channels open and the membrane becomes more permeable. The Resting phase occurs at point 5 when the ions channels rest. It also helps detail hyperpolarisation when the potassium ion channels are two slow to close.
The source I believe is reliable and trustful but needs to be used with the other images provided. It provides the basic information during the changes in potential difference during the action potential but when used with other images is crucial in explaining how action potential occurs.
Reference
Boundless-biology. 2017. Voltage gated channels. [Online] available at :https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/how-neurons-communicate/
Accessed on: 17/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:46:20 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216940767 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216941203 This image helps cover 1.3.
The diagram present helps gp into more detail the voltage gated ion channels and how they act at - 70mV,0mV and +40mV. The diagram can be incredibly complicated if not used with the other images but is still reliable and accurate. The image helps show the process of these channels changing when resting, when depolarisation and hyperpolarisation occurs. It shows that at rest all voltage channels of Na+ are closed and most of the K+channels are also closed. When depolarisation occurs some Na+ channels open allowing Na+ ions to enter the celandine the membrane becomes depolarised. If the threshold is reached, they all open. The image also shows how at peak action potential the Na+ channels close while K+ channels open. Allowing K+ to leave the cell allowing the membrane to become hyperporised.
The image shown should be used with other images and sources to allow for a greater grasp of the subject, however they're still reliable and trustworthy.


Reference
Boundless-biology. 2017. Voltage gated channels. [Online] available at :https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/how-neurons-communicate/
Accessed on: 17/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:47:39 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216941203 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216941816 This ta letter clearly covers part one of criteria 2.1
The table is incredibly detailed in explain the nature, role, speed and responce of both voluntary and involuntary actions while also stating what each is controlled by and how we respond to the same stimulus. Although the information is presented in a basic format the language is accurate and scientific and contrasts well. It can be compared to other information of its kind to get the same result showing its reliable. I also trust the source bevause of this.



Reference
2017. Voluntary vs involuntary actions. [Online] available at:http://biology-igcse.weebly.com/uploads/1/5/0/7/15070316/5709582.png?749. Accessed on 17/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:49:21 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216941816 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216942734 This image helps cover part two of 2.1.
The image shown helps to detail what the jobs are for the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems are and how they're related and attached to the spinal column and brain. I would use this image to build upon the knowledge gained from the crash course video on this subject. The image clearly shows how each system works in contrast to the other.

I find this resource useful but wouldn't use it onits own. The knowledge is basic and understandable but still needs to be used alongside something else (like the above video) to gain a deeper understanding of the subject.



Reference
2017. Sympathetic vs parasympathetic and what they do. [Online] available at:https://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/autonomic_nervous_system.png. Accessed on:16 /12 /17 ]]> 2017-12-18 13:51:50 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216942734 jackjackrose97 https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216943625 This video covers the autonomic nervous system and the components of it.
Green states what the autonomic nervous system is at 0:50 and details how it contains two more components. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
From 1:30 to 2:50 he outlines what these two components do and how they work together in the body to react responses and reactions.
From this point on he talks about the autonomic system further and how it affects our daily life. He briefly touches upon voluntary and reflex actions.

This video is incredibly reliable and trustworthy. Hank Green and his crash course videos gain millions of views overtime due to the reliability of his information. He uses scientific terminology while also teaching the basics to help others. He uses high quality images, diagrams and information to educate others. His other videos are all educational and all have the same amount of quality to them

Reference
Green, H. 2017. The autonomic nervous system. [Online] available at: https://youtu.be/71pCilo8k4M. Accessed online :16/12/17]]> 2017-12-18 13:54:14 UTC https://padlet.com/jackjackrose97/5ut9j1v9hfwj/wish/216943625