https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence en-us 2016-03-13 13:06:24 UTC 2025-12-29 18:14:32 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/37614845/82e15bc49db370c508743f493ee17dc172b4141f/fc816b3a0d0a707c9413b7483b17178d.jpg joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100638479 Bioluminescence is simply light produced by a chemical reaction which originates in an organism.]]> 2016-03-13 13:09:07 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100638479 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100638566 - A primarily marine phenomenon, the deep ocean
- Bioluminescence is found in many marine organisms: bacteria, algae, jellyfish, worms, crustaceans, seastars, fish, and sharks to name just a few. In some cases, animals take in bacteria or other bioluminescent creatures to gain the ability to light up.  ]]> 2016-03-13 13:10:49 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100638566 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100639014 - requires two unique chemicals: luciferin and either luciferase or photoprotein  
-  Luciferin is the compound that actually produces light. In a chemical reaction, luciferin is called the substrate
- Luciferase is an enzyme. The interaction of the luciferase with oxidized (oxygen-added) luciferin creates a byproduct, called oxyluciferin. More importantly, the chemical reaction creates light. 
- Some reactions, however, do not involve an enzyme (luciferase). These reactions involve a chemical called a photoprotein. Photoproteins combine with luciferins and oxygen, but need another agent, often an ion of the element calcium, to produce light. 
-Different arrangement of luciferin molecules produce different bioluminescent colour.

Example: ]]> 2016-03-13 13:19:29 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100639014 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100639197 Many small planktonic surface dwellers —such as single-celled dinoflagellates—are bioluminescent. When conditions are right, dinoflagellates bloom in dense layers at the surface of the water, causing the ocean to take on a reddish-brown color in daylight and a sparkly sheen as they move in the waves at night. When the dinoflagellates are poisonous to other animals, these events are called harmful algal blooms. ]]> 2016-03-13 13:23:50 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100639197 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100639844
Dinoflagellates have enzyme luciferase which is responsible for glowing.]]> 2016-03-13 13:40:30 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100639844 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100640282 Bioluminescent bacteria are any light-producing bacteria, present mostly in sea water, marine sediments, surface of decomposing fish and in gut of marine animals. These bacteria may live free (example, Vibrio harveyi) or in symbiosis (example, Vibrio fischeri) with animals such as the Hawaiian Bobtail squid or terrestrial nematodes (example, Photorhabdus luminescens).

The symbiotic relationship between Vibrio fischeri and Hawaiian Bobtail squid 
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Vibrio_fischeri

http://biologybizarre.blogspot.my/2014/03/a-beautiful-relationship-hawaiian.html]]> 2016-03-13 13:52:12 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100640282 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100640765 The role of bioluminescence in Photorhabdus luminescens is not well known. It might be used to warn other insects or mammals or to work as lure to attract insects for nematodes in which they live. The most important function of this microbe is the symbiotic relationship with soil entomopathogenic nematodes
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Photorhabdus_luminescens]]> 2016-03-13 14:04:54 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100640765 joselia_vincent https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100641159
1.  Vibrio fischeri have bioluminescence properties that control by a set of gene known as lux operon.

2. The bacteria produce blue-green light at 490nm,

3 . Have symbiotic relationship with hawaiian bobtail squid
       ( Eupryma scolopes)
4. Vibrio fisheri protect squid from predators while the squid offer shelther and stable source of   
nutrients to the bacteria.

]]> 2016-03-13 14:13:29 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100641159 https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100643873 1) Defends against predators
 A sperm whale, for instance, may seek out a habitat with large communities of bioluminescent plankton, which are not part of the whale's diet. As the plankton's predators (fish) approach the plankton, however, their glowing alerts the whale. The whale eats the fish. The plankton then turn out their lights.

2) Hunt prey
The angler fish has a dangling lure in which bioluminescent bacteria live. The lure hangs in front of its mouth; fish swim toward the light and may become food for the angler fish.

http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/FieldCourses00/PapersMarineEcologyArticles/WhatsGlowingInTheWaterBioA.html

3) Communication
Luminescent bacteria produce and secrete small extracellular molecules, called autoinducers. These bacteria also have a receptor that can specifically detect the autoinducers. When the autoinducer binds to the receptor, it activates transcription of certain genes, including genes for light production.
Example : Vibrio fischeri

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC228483/]]> 2016-03-13 15:17:20 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100643873 https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100647817  Many predators, such as sharks, hunt from below. They look above, where sunlight creates shadows beneath prey.]]> 2016-03-13 16:32:37 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100647817 MayLingTham https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100715731 1) Dinoflagellates have enzyme luciferase which is responsible for glowing.
2) Bioluminescence can be used as a defensive role. ]]> 2016-03-14 09:05:12 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100715731 MayLingTham https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100962296 2016-03-15 08:21:25 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100962296 MayLingTham https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100974477 Railroad worm (larva of beetle)

http://education.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/bioluminescence/]]> 2016-03-15 09:38:39 UTC https://padlet.com/joselia_vincent/bioluminescence/wish/100974477