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      <title> Difficult Concepts (Midterm Exam Review)  by Jonnia Torres</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x</link>
      <description>Are there any concepts that you find difficult or unclear? Anything that you are still confused about? If so, let me know.</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2018-03-01 02:04:54 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2023-05-08 20:33:24 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>Silly question but...</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/237754277</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Can nasals be unreleased stops? I can’t think of an example off the top of my head would like a bit of clarification on unreleased stops in general</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-04 04:22:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/237754277</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Need to know?</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/238441138</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Do we need to know the non-pulmonic consonants (clicks, voiced implosives, ejectives)?<br><br>Sort of related, I also just wanted to double check, we aren't responsible for knowing symbols for any sounds that do not occur in English, right?<br><br>Last, would we be asked to give height, backness, rounding for diphthongs? If so, how would you do that?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-06 03:30:52 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/238441138</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/238462701</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Can you please post the answers to the narrow transcription practice sheet? Thank you!<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2018-03-06 06:25:07 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/238462701</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Syllabification vs. Vowel Deletion</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/238854427</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I'm having trouble when to distinguish syllabification over vowel deletion. Does syllabification only occur if the unstressed vowel precedes /m/, /n/, and dark-l? </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-06 19:42:57 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/238854427</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Test Format</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239356252</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>You’ve probably said this, but could you give the general format of the exam? About how many questions? Are they multiple choice questions? T/F? Essays? Thanks :)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-07 19:21:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239356252</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Vowel spectrum</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239457737</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>What is different about the rate/ amplification/ formants of vowels on a spectrum <br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2018-03-08 00:30:47 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239457737</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Spectra - f0</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239991909</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>If you have a spectrum graph (x: frequency, y: amplitude) that just has several vertical lines, is the first line (far left) the f0? Or is that f1?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-09 02:17:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239991909</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Harmonics / Formants</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239992486</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Is there a difference between harmonics and formants?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-09 02:21:24 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/239992486</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Narrow Transcription</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240396596</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Are we going to have a listening and transcribing part of the exam? And if so, how is that going to work?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-10 00:20:41 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240396596</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>IPA Manner</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240397887</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>When describing a sound are glide and liquid interchangeable with sonorant? ex. /w/ as voiced bilabial sonorant?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-10 00:45:07 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240397887</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Diphthong Descriptions</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240408615</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>For vowels, you describe them as high/central/low, front/mid/back, and rounded or unrounded, do we need to know these descriptions for diphthongs? Liking knowing it goes from a high to a low, or something like that?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-10 04:15:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240408615</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Correlation between vowel space and vowel numbers</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240492560</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Not sure if I understand this concept from the study guide. If a language only has 3 vowels, what are the most likely ones? Why is that?<br>I think I remember what the 5 most likely ones are: i, e, a, o, u … but I’m not sure why.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-10 20:34:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240492560</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Amplitude, Frequency, and Period</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240493058</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Amplitude corresponds to loudness and frequency to pitch, correct? Does period have any perceptual correlate?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-10 20:40:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240493058</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Source / Filter Theory</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240493350</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The filter is the vocal tract, right?<br><br>Is the source the vocal folds? Just want to make sure it's talking about the source of vibration (vocal folds) and not the source of air (lungs)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/177824338/85eec2e4cf07e51a7d35f820f3d4759e/power_source_filter_1.jpg" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-10 20:43:40 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240493350</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240511151</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>For Sonoran devoicing, they are devoiced following an initial voiceless stop. Is an example of this the “r” in the word “problem?” I am having trouble with this one&nbsp;</li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-11 01:36:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240511151</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240524276</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div> What is the difference between /ə/ and /ɨ/. I know that /ɨ/ is a higher vowel. However, I am having troubling discriminating between the two. <br><strong><br></strong><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-11 05:48:10 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240524276</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240524427</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>What will happen if the frequency of a sound wave matches  or mismatches an object’s resonance frequency?  Does this mean that a source just wants to resonate at a certain frequency? <br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-11 05:51:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240524427</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Vowels in other Langs</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240618866</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>If a language only has three vowels, what are the most probable ones?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-11 19:41:22 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240618866</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>/ɹ/</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240622506</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I've noticed that one of our IPA charts lists /ɹ/ as postalveolar, but most of them list it as alveolar. Is one of them a mistake, or are both answers acceptable?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-11 20:05:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240622506</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Blank charts</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240653434</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Can we bring a blank consonant chart and vowel chart to fill in?&nbsp;<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2018-03-11 23:46:10 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/joto5875/5s1lwm9frf5x/wish/240653434</guid>
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