https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb Made with a quick smile en-us 2016-10-28 15:41:06 UTC 2016-11-11 16:16:15 UTC hello@padlet.com laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/133928610 My sister is excessively loud whenever she walks into the house, screaming something loud and often unnecessary. 

Four Methods of Learning:
1. Trial and Error
2. Operant Conditioning
3. Classical Conditioning
4. Observational Learning ]]> 2016-10-28 15:41:52 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/133928610 laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/134802210 Work on presentations: Pavlov classical conditioning]]> 2016-11-02 14:56:59 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/134802210 laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/134802287 Understand Thorndike and Skinner's research studies
THORNDIKE
Key Researchers: Edward Thorndike and Robert Woodworth
Operant conditioning: see if there is an association between learning in animals and humans, and how each subject problem solved.
Procedure: Animal placed in a cage with one way out, once they escaped, the subject was rewarded and then placed back in the box to see how long it took them a second time.
Results: The animals were able to find out how to solve the problems set for them.
Behavior changes because of consequences: Law of Effect
- Practice makes habits
-Mind can be strengthened by exercises 
This was an ethical study: cats were not harmed and use of animals was necessary
Will help future scientists to learn the complexities of the human mind

SKINNER
Operant Conditioning. Wanted to conduct research on behaviorism
He focused on what took place after a response (as opposed to Pavlov)
Experiment: rats and pigeons in "Skinner Box" to monitor how animal responded to positive reinforcement. 
If operant (behavior) is followed by a reinforcing stimulus, the strength of the response is increased.
-Various intervals/ratio of distribution of positive reinforcement yield different patterns in learning
Study is ethical: animals were treated fairly (hunger was necessary but not harmful)

]]> 2016-11-02 14:57:12 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/134802287 laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/135113207 Understand Watson and Garcia research studies

Garcia: Taste diversion
Procedure: groups were rats made sick but not given saccharin and rats who were given saccharin. 30 minutes later the rats were exposed to radiation. This was repeated every 3 days
Results: When the rats were given the solution to make them sick after drinking the saccharin they once enjoyed, they associated the drink with sickness and refused to drink it (even though the events were 30 minutes apart)
Ethical: unethical
Relevance: contradictory to Pavlov, showed influence of a neutral stimulus.

Watson: Little Albert Experiment
Classical conditioning 
Researchers were Watson and Raynor
Behavior is influenced by external stimuli. Little Albert goes through process of associated learning.
Procedure: Baby presented with various objects and reaction was observed. When presented with neutral stimulus of a rat, a loud bar was struck behind Albert to make the rat a conditioned stimulus. The fear was generalized to all white fluffy objects.
Ethical: unethical, little Albert was subjected to severe distress and fear, as he was not unconditioned.


]]> 2016-11-03 15:11:41 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/135113207 laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/135123106 UCS to UCR
CS +UCS to UCR
CS to CR
UCS=unconditioned stimulus
UCR= unconditioned response
CS=conditioned stimulus
CR=conditioned response

Acquisition: process of pairing the unconditioned stimulus with the conditioned stimulus
Extinction: conditioned stimulus is no longer something that conditions the person
Spontaneous Recovery]]> 2016-11-03 15:33:21 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/135123106 laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/136449192 analyze Bandura and Seligman

Seligman: learned helplessness with dogs
See  effect of controllable and uncontrollable shock on future behavior
Groups: escape, no escape, no harness
In order to terminate shock, escape group put head against panels while no escape could not do anything to terminate shock
Groups that have the opportunity to escape did so more and more quickly.
Unethical: no debriefing and pain was inflicted on animals when not necessary
Hopelessness can cause depression


]]> 2016-11-09 16:06:13 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/136449192 laurenjou5100 https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/136805300 Understanding the 5 schedules of reinforcement
Variable: random
Ratio: number of responses
Fixed: set
Interval:time
Continuous: everytime

Bobo Doll Study: Researcher Vandura
3 stages: Modeling- groups were exposed to adult behavior (violent and normal)
2nd- Mild aggression arousal
3rd- testing for imitation (how adult behavior influenced their own)
Girls more inclined to imitate verbal aggression, boys more likely to imitate physical aggression. In all boys were more aggressive than males
Not ethical because subjects were never unconditioned ]]> 2016-11-10 17:05:41 UTC https://padlet.com/laurenjou5100/5rzvacfamubb/wish/136805300