Padlet/E-journal pt3 by Katelyn Stefano https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk Katie Stefano en-us 2018-04-12 13:30:36 UTC 2018-05-10 03:37:33 UTC hello@padlet.com Baby Fish Led Astray by High CO2 In Oceans 19stefanok https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251137564 https://www.enn.com/articles/54313-baby-fish-led-astray-by-high-co2-in-oceans
New research from the University of Adelaide has concluded that, baby fish will find it harder to reach secure shelters in future acidified oceans – putting fish populations at risk. The researchers described how barracuda larvae in high CO2 conditions, predicted for the turn of the century, turn away from the ocean noises they would normally be attracted to. They are instead attracted to other sounds – noises produced by the wrong sort of habitats and or ‘white noise’. hey use these sounds to guide them from the open ocean, where they hatch, to a sheltered home in shallow waters, where they can spend their juvenile and adult lives.  he oceans are far from silent environments; they harbor many noisy animals, for example snapping shrimps and whales and dolphins,” says project leader Professor Ivan Nagelkerken, from the University of Adelaide’s Environment Institute.]]> 2018-04-12 13:33:18 UTC https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251137564 Wildfire Smoke Associated With More ER Visits for Heart, Stroke Ailments Among Seniors 19stefanok https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251150045 https://www.enn.com/articles/54312-wildfire-smoke-associated-with-more-er-visits-for-heart-stroke-ailments-among-seniors
Smoke from wildfires may send people – particularly seniors – to hospital emergency rooms (ERs) with heart, stroke-related complaints, according to new research in the Journal of the American Heart Association, the Open Access Journal of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Previous studies done before have shown that wildfire smoke exacerbates respiratory conditions but yielded inconsistent results for effects on the heart, brain or blood vessels. This study was formed by collaboration from  researchers at the University of California San Francisco, California Department of Public Health and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Researchers reviewed more than one million ER visits in northern and central California during intense wildfires in the summer of 2015. They examined the relative risk of daily heart-, brain- and blood vessel-related ER visits on light, medium and dense smoke days relative to days without wildfire smoke exposure. They ended up finding out that smoke exposure was associated with increased rates of ER visits, not just for breathing trouble, but also ischemic heart disease, irregular heart rhythm, heart failure, pulmonary embolism and stroke. The risk was greatest for adults age 65 and older.



]]> 2018-04-12 13:55:32 UTC https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251150045 Declining central American Frog Species Are Bounding Back 19stefanok https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251156482 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180411114118.htm
For more then 40 years, the frog population has indeed been declining. But, for the first time a new study reports that some Central American frog species are recovering, perhaps because they have better defenses against a deadly fungal pathogen. Louise Rollins-Smith, PhD, associate professor of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, and a co-author of a study recently published in the journal Science was proud to say "It's a hopeful, optimistic chapter". A collaborative group of investigators at multiple institutions showed that the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidiscontinues to be as lethal now as it was more than 10 years ago. The antimicrobial defenses produced by frog skin, however, appear to be more effective than they were before the fungal epidemic began. So the frogs population is starting to increase once again because now they found the skin is fighting this off so they can survive. At the time off the epidemic, the fungal disease was spreading from Costa Rica through Panama.  But luckily there have been tests and improvement has been shown due to the capability of frogs getting past the disease. ]]> 2018-04-12 14:06:13 UTC https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251156482 Climate Change Dials Down Atlantic Ocean Heating System 19stefanok https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251163959 http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-43713719
They say the Atlantic Ocean circulation system is weaker now than it has been for more than 1,000 years - and has changed significantly in the past 150.
The study right from the journal nature, says that it may be a response to increased melting ice and is likely to continue. 
Researchers say that could have an impact on Atlantic ecosystems.
Scientists involved in the Atlas project - the largest study of deep Atlantic ecosystems ever undertaken - say the impact will not be of the order played out in the 2004 Hollywood blockbuster The Day After Tomorrow. But they say changes to the conveyor-belt-like system - also known as the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (Amoc) - could cool the North Atlantic and north-west Europe and transform some deep-ocean ecosystems. They say that this also could be a factor to be affecting  temperature-sensitive species like coral, and even Atlantic cod. Scientists believe the pattern is a response to fresh water from melting ice sheets being added to surface ocean water, meaning those surface waters "can't get very dense and sink." Basically, this means that the species are also being affected from the climate change and are affected by the melting ice sheets.
 
]]> 2018-04-12 14:18:19 UTC https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251163959 Global Warming Can Turn Monarch Butterflies Favorite Food Into Poison. 19stefanok https://padlet.com/19stefanok/5nymhxkw5ujk/wish/251168100 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/04/180403120004.htm
LSU University researchers have discovered a new relationship between climate change, monarch butterflies and milkweed plants. It turns out that warming temperatures don't just affect the monarch, Danaus plexippus, directly, but also affect this butterfly by potentially turning its favorite plant food into a poison. Faldyn and Elderd found that the local warming associated with climate change can produce chemical changes in milkweed that in turn affect monarch butterflies when they and their larvae feed on certain species of this plant, particularly the non-native milkweed, Asclepias curassavica. There are several different species of milkweed, but they all share a common trait. They produce toxic chemicals in their leaf tissue called cardenolides that deter most vertebrate predators. These chemicals are in the class of cardiac glycosides that interfere with sodium potassium-pumps in the heart and other tissues, and can even affect humans if ingested in large quantities. Monarchs, however, have evolved to become cardenolide-tolerant up to a certain point. By laying their eggs on milkweed plants that contain levels of cardenolides that are toxic for their predators, monarchs protect their caterpillar offspring from being eaten.  After hatching and chowing down on milkweed leaves, the caterpillars are full of cardenolides that make them taste nasty to most predators, such as birds. Monarch butterflies also sequester this compound in their wings. Their contrasting bright orange and black wings signal "do not eat me" to birds such as blue jays.
But if a milkweed plant produces too much of this toxic chemical, caterpillars that feed on the plant's leaf tissue may inadvertently poison themselves.

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