14 categories of disabilities by zhengyu chi https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio en-us 2023-03-28 02:17:51 UTC 2023-04-04 01:03:41 UTC hello@padlet.com Adaptive Technology for Students with Vision Impairments ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536559483 Adaptive technology has come a long way in recent years. With technological improvements in computer science, GPS, smart phone technology etc. Many adaptive tools have been created to assist students who have visual impairments.]]> 2023-03-29 11:20:59 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536559483 Screen Readers and Text-to-Speech software ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536567997 Screen-Readers such as JAWS (Job Access with Speech) will read what's on the screen and even have braille output.  Text-to-Speech software will also read out the screen and can be used to read scanned documents. ]]> 2023-03-29 11:28:44 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536567997 Braille Writers ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536573663 The above video is an interview with a school in Wichita that have utilized braille writers in their classrooms. These tools read and produce braille. Students can use it to write and read braille text. ]]> 2023-03-29 11:33:49 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536573663 Magnifiers ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536688275 Hand held magnifiers can be used to enlarge print, allowing visually impaired individuals to better read small text. Smart phone and tablet cameras can be used to magnify text as well. There are also large magnifiers, that can be used to magnify a full page. ]]> 2023-03-29 13:05:20 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536688275 Modified Keyboards ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536695946 Modified keyboards can feature large print letters, bright color keys, and can even contain a braille-type device. Keyboard shortcuts can be created to make typing easier. Keyboards on some tablets and smart phones can be color modified to make them easier to see. ]]> 2023-03-29 13:09:53 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536695946 Wayfinding Devices ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536701605 Wayfinding devices and apps are a way for students to navigate safely through the school.  Wayfinding technology uses GPS and includes devices that are placed around the building which create a sort of map for students.  The device or app speaks to students, telling them when to turn.  It can even be used to indicate the location of items such as water fountains or lockers.]]> 2023-03-29 13:13:31 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536701605 Hands-Free Devices ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536712514 Hands-Free Devices such as the glasses discussed in this video can have several amazing features.  These glasses communicate to the user what's in front of them. They can read text, describe the rooms and items inside the room, and can even recognize faces. ]]> 2023-03-29 13:19:54 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536712514 High Tech Magnifiers ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536820997 This article discusses high tech magnifiers that can be used to accommodate students in the classroom.]]> 2023-03-29 14:25:18 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2536820997 Traumatic Brain Injury: Prism Glasses autumncrogers https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537194028 Homonymous Hemianopsia is when someone is unable to see half of the typical visual field, which is often a result of TBI. Certain types of prismatic glasses can correct for this by shifting the visual field to compensate.]]> 2023-03-29 18:48:41 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537194028 Traumatic Brain Injury: Digital/Talking Clocks autumncrogers https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537201404 Talking clocks are useful for people with TBI as well as for the blind. Visual impairment is a common result of TBI, so someone may be unable to read an analog clock correctly or have difficulty reading a clock at all, making a talking clock useful.]]> 2023-03-29 18:55:17 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537201404 Traumatic Brain Injury: Planners and Reminders autumncrogers https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537208182 Memory problems are an extremely common symptom of TBI, and one of the most effective ways to fight this is with checklists and reminders. This "assistive technology" can just involve placing a physical list somewhere that the person will often look, so that they're reminded of the things they need to do.]]> 2023-03-29 19:01:26 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537208182 Traumatic Brain Injury: Voice Memos and Recorders autumncrogers https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537211301 A more technologically sophisticated assistive technology is a voice recorder, which functions similarly to a planner but better for someone with visual impairments. On the most advanced end you have things like the Voice Cue, a voice recorder that can be programmed to play reminders at specific times. I'm sure there are apps for your phone that can do the same thing.]]> 2023-03-29 19:04:25 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537211301 Traumatic Brain Injury: Writing Assistance autumncrogers https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537213331 TBI can damage someone's fine motor skills and ability to physically write. This can be compensated for with writing assistance software that allow the person to speak and have it transcribed.]]> 2023-03-29 19:06:08 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537213331 Speach Language Impairment https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537482028 Speech/Language Impairment: means a communication disorder such as stuttering disorder, impaired articulation, expressive language and/or receptive language impairment, or voice impairments that adversely affects a student’s educational performance.]]> 2023-03-30 00:31:36 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537482028 Strategies to help Speach and Launguage Impaired Students zacharyhall10 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537496670 Both: 
-Consult the Speach Pathologist and have them present if possible
-Create a proper classroom procedure
-Use gestures to support understanding
-Provide fun activities 
-Partner work

Speech:
-Model correct word formation

Language:
-Daily reading and writing 

]]> 2023-03-30 00:42:04 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537496670 Signs of Potential Hearing Loss melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537501955 There are several indicators that a student may be struggling to hear within the classroom, school as a whole and even at home. It's important that educators pay close attention to these factors as they can support the student in getting the assistance they need to learn.]]> 2023-03-30 00:45:57 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537501955 Students with Deafness melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537503220 Deafness is a hearing impairment that severely impacts the student's ability to receive and process sound in one or both ears. ]]> 2023-03-30 00:46:53 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537503220 Video / Case Study zacharyhall10 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537506259 The story is about a speech and language center called Cardon Primary School located in Brighton. The center provides strategies to help pupils overcome significant speech and language impairment. They use a visual approach and Makaton signing from British Sign Language and Makaton symbols to help pupils learn better. They also use a timetable as an important strategy for children who have difficulties with social interaction and understanding instructions. Additionally, they use repetition and go over what they've learned with lots of visual support. Science is taught using experiential learning with lots of repetition and breaking down the curriculum into smaller steps. The core vocabulary is also teased out to understand what are the most important words for pupils to learn.


Interventions mentioned:

  • Using a visual approach with Makaton signing from British Sign Language and Makaton symbols
  • Using a timetable to help pupils understand when lessons or parts of lessons have finished
  • Repetition and going over what has been learned with lots of visual support
  • Breaking down the curriculum into smaller steps
  • Teasing out the core vocabulary to understand the most important words for pupils to learn
]]> 2023-03-30 00:49:19 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537506259 Strategies & Accommodations for the Classroom melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537520986 There are three major struggles that deaf students may face in the general education setting. These solutions help teachers to meet students where they are so they can better access the curriculum. ]]> 2023-03-30 01:00:58 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537520986 Other Accommodations: Setting Up Classroom for Lip Reading melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537533264 Teachers can adjust the way they teach as well as their classroom in order to help those who are deaf and read lips. Skills such as forming words clearer and slowing down speech can assist students who are lip readers. Click the link above to view an impactful video on what it is like to read lips.]]> 2023-03-30 01:10:09 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537533264 Assistive Technology: FM Systems melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537550629 An FM System includes a microphone that is placed on the teacher which transmits his/her voice directly to the students ear. It can connect to directly to the students hearing aid or cochlear implant if they have one. This removes any distractions that may prevent the student from hearing the teacher. ]]> 2023-03-30 01:22:03 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537550629 Assistive Technology: Closed Captioning melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537557664 Closed Captioning provide the student with printed words that supplemental spoken language, usually used when presented with a video. These captions allow students to read along while watching the video. It can also be used during video calls for virtual classes as a live-captioning for the student. ]]> 2023-03-30 01:26:58 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537557664 Assistive Technology: Speech-to-Text & Transcription melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537575014 Technology is developing in such a way that makes life more functional for students who have deafness. Speech-to-Text devices take audible speech and transcribe them into text, which makes communication possible as it becomes visual rather than auditory. Devices are now compact and personalized - some being right on an app - which allows the student to have access to this resource at any given time.]]> 2023-03-30 01:38:58 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537575014 Developmental Delay https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537690883 2023-03-30 03:08:20 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537690883 Signs and Symptoms of Developmental Delay nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537868547 There are many different signs and symptoms of delay that can exist in children varying depending on specific characteristics. Some of the most common symptoms are: 
learning and developing more slowly than other children the same age, rolling over, sitting up, crawling, or walking much later than developmentally appropriate, difficulty communicating or socializing with others, difficulties talking or talking late, having problems remembering, inability to connect actions with consequences, difficulty problem-solving or logical thinking, trouble learning in school, inability to do everyday tasks.]]> 2023-03-30 06:03:35 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537868547 Causes of Developmental Delay nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537891142 There is no one cause for delays in development. There are factors that occur before birth, during birth and after birth that contribute to the cause of delays which may include:
hereditary conditions, metabolic disorders (phenylketonuria PKU), trauma to the brain (shaken baby syndrome, severe psychosocial trauma ( post-traumatic stress disorder), exposure to certain toxic substances, serious infections, deprivation of food environment. ]]> 2023-03-30 06:22:38 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537891142 Therapies for Development nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537920708 Although there is no cure for developmental delay, therapies directed to specific areas of delay are effective in helping children catch up to their peers. The therapies may include:
physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language behavioral therapy therapy, early childhood special education. ]]> 2023-03-30 06:46:11 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537920708 Assistive Technology nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537927541 Assistive technology is a term used for assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative devices for people with disabilities and the elderly. ]]> 2023-03-30 06:51:42 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2537927541 Assistive Technology Devices nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539005866 Some common assistive devices are: timers, reading guides, seat cushions, FM listening systems, calculators, graphic organizers.]]> 2023-03-30 22:22:49 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539005866 Other Accommodations for Developmental Delay nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539019888 Simplify and repeat directions as needed.
Add visual supports and cues
Sequence learning tasks from simple to complex.
Give repeated opportunities to practice skills.
Provide immediate, positive, descriptive feedback.

]]> 2023-03-30 22:47:04 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539019888 References melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539389822 Assistive Technology for Deaf/Hard of Hearing Children Erin Turner. (n.d.). [Video]. Assistive Technology. https://assistedtechnology.weebly.com/assistive-technology-for-deafhard-of-hearing-children-erin-turner.html#:~:text=Assistive%20Technology%20Devices&text=FM%20System%2D%20FM%20systems%20send,%2C%20or%20a%20headset%2F%20earbuds.
Disability Categories. (n.d.). Fairfax County Public Schools. https://www.fcps.edu/academics/academic-overview/special-education-instruction/procedural-support-disability-categories
Holly Bennett, University of Melbourne & Sharon KlieveMaster of Learning Interventions (Hearing Impairment) Coordinator, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne. (2023, March 27). Specialised skills key to helping deaf students thrive. Pursuit. https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/specialised-skills-key-to-helping-deaf-students-thrive
Mashable. (2019, February 8). Google Launched A Live Transcription App To Help Deaf People [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PWUphO5KMBk
National Geographic. (2016, February 22). Watch: What It’s Like to Read Lips | Short Film Showcase [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1jLkYyODsc
Staake, J. (2021, June 16). How to Help Students Who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing Succeed in School. We Are Teachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/children-deaf-hard-of-hearing/






]]> 2023-03-31 04:54:04 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539389822 Sources ddorfsman https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539992611 Lewis, V. (2022, December 8). A to Z of assistive technology for low vision. Perkins School for the Blind. Retrieved March 31, 2023, from https://www.perkins.org/resource/z-assistive-technology-low-vision/

Unknown, U. (2022). Libguides: Blind/Visual Impairment: Common Assistive Technologies. Common Assistive Technologies - Blind/Visual Impairment - LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved March 31, 2023, from https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=526852&p=3602299 ]]> 2023-03-31 14:51:30 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2539992611 Emotional Disability zhengyuchi2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540286778 Emotional disability is defined by federal and state regulations as "a condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree, which adversely affects educational performance:

1. An inability to learn which cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors;
2. An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers;
3. Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances;
4. A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or
5. A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.'' (US Department of Education, 2017)

According to a research done by Education Week (2018), among 6 million students ages 6 to 21 with disabilities, 6% have an emotional disability as their primary disability.]]> 2023-03-31 20:12:27 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540286778 Assistive Technologies for Emotional Disability zhengyuchi2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540297665 As shown above, the Special School District of St. Louis County has suggested some assistive technologies (ATs) to better support students with emotional disturbance. Here are some other ATs that can also be used to help those students make progress and succeed:

Low-Tech ATs
Goal Tracker & Incentives- this tracker can be both academic and behavioral. Students can use this goal tracker to constantly remind themselves about their personal goals and track if they have made progress. If they have made progresses, their family and/or teacher can give certain incentives to encourage them to do better. Sample goal trackers can be found here.
Meditation- if possible, teacher can teach students to meditate which not only helps reduce stress but also helps them to practice concentrating.

Mid-Tech ATs
Noise-Cancelling Headphones & Light Music- students can wear a noise-cancelling headphone to stay calm and not distracted. When needed, light music can be played to create a calming environment.

High-Tech ATs
Smartphone Apps- Now that smartphone becomes a daily use for most students, it can be a very useful tool for students with emotional disability. Apps such as "Soothing Sleep Sounds", "Headspace: Mindful Meditation", "Aura: Mediation & Sleep" can be used to reduce students' anxiety and stress.]]> 2023-03-31 20:30:49 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540297665 References zhengyuchi2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540301439 Assistive Technology / Social-Emotional Behavioral Tools. (n.d.). https://www.ssdmo.org/Page/892

Henley, M., & Long, N. J. (2003). Helping Students with Emotional Problems Succeed. Classroom Leadership Online, 7(3). 

Samuels, C. A. (2018, March 27). Students With Emotional Disabilities: Facts About This Vulnerable Population. Education Week. https://www.edweek.org/leadership/students-with-emotional-disabilities-facts-about-this-vulnerable-population/2018/03#:~:text=Students%20with%20emotional%20disturbances%20are,having%20an%20emotional%20disturbance%20nationally.

Sec. 300.8 (c) (4) - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. (2017, May 2). Individuals With Disabilities Education Act. https://sites.ed.gov/idea/regs/b/a/300.8/c/4

Your Special Education Rights. (2013, September 1). The IDEA’s Special Education Categories: Emotional Disturbance [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KcxPQ3AYpqo
]]> 2023-03-31 20:37:22 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540301439 Other Strategies and Accommodations for Students with Emotional Disability zhengyuchi2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540303341 1. Make learning relevant;
2. Help students establish positive peer relationships;
3. Teach behavior management skills;
4. Identify and deal with depression;
5. Help students deal with stress;
(Henley & Long, 2003)
6. Provide a sofa in classroom, if possible, to give students a place to relax and chill;
7. Provide therapy pets to students who need emotional support;
8. Build trustful relationship with students and be open to listen to their emotional needs and concerns;
9. Refer students to their counselor if their emotion escalates. ]]> 2023-03-31 20:40:50 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540303341 References nztz8b55mk https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540446841 Accommodations and Modifications for Students with Disabilities
https://youtu.be/O0xdaCEqrU0

Assistive Technology Industry Association
https://www.atia.org

SSMI Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital 
https://www.ssmhealth.com/cardinal-glennon/conditions-treatments/developmental-pediatrics/developmental-delay



]]> 2023-04-01 03:04:26 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540446841 Intellectual Disability michaelshay2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540646896 A student who suffers from an intellectual disability performs with a significantly below-average intellectual function and may show deficits in adaptive behavior. 

Intellectual disabilities often manifest during the developmental period and adversely affect a student's educational performance. ]]> 2023-04-01 13:56:03 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540646896 Sources devonmorgan https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540659965 Autism Queensland. 2021, June 15th. "Understand Autism_Meet Ned-". [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgqZY0JQgBU. Youtube. 

Edutopia. 2017, April 2. "The Sensory Room: Helping Students with Autism Focus and Learn". [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9j6rQ4rtQY. Youtube

Engelbrecht, Natalie & Silvertant, Eva. "The Ultimate Autism Resource". https://embrace-autism.com. Accessed: April 1, 2023.

Rudy, Lisa Jo. "Assistive Technology for Autism." 2023, March 7. https://www.verywellhealth.com/assistive-technology-for-autism-5076159#:~:text=Examples%20include%20battery%2Doperated%20sensory,in%20children%20on%20the%20spectrum. Accessed: March 30, 2023. 

]]> 2023-04-01 14:21:49 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540659965 Other Points to Consider devonmorgan https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540661194 Executive Dysfunction: Many Autistic individuals struggle with executive function. It is important to help Autistic students with the skills using organizers, and being understanding when needed. 

Sensory Difficulties: Some Autistic people may struggle with certain smells, textures or lights. There are a myriad of ways to help with this, and an open mind from the teacher goes a long way here. 

Acceptance: Attempting to change or alter an Autistic person's behavior has been shown to be extremely detrimental. In fact, "masking" as it is called, has been shown to have very harmful long-term effects on Autistic children. Be sure to seek out resources written by Autistic researchers and teachers when trying to decide how best to help your students on the spectrum. ]]> 2023-04-01 14:24:17 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540661194 Helping an Autistic Student Succeed devonmorgan https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540661279 A large number of autistic people may not have any obvious physical signs of disability and, as a result, accommodations that help them may not always be obvious. However, these can be essential to helping an autistic student succeed and feel accepted. 

Some low-tech examples are:

Weighted blankets/Vests. picture boards, exercise balls, chairs that move, or anything that does not involve electricity. These are largely sensory-based and can help calm an Autistic person so they can focus more easily. 

Some Mid-Tech Examples are:

Battery-operated timers and sensory toys, voice recorders, or videos describing certain social skills. These can particularly assist individuals who struggle with time management.

High-tech examples generally include anything digital that may assist an autistic child in communicating more effectively. These can be critically important, as a large number of Autistic people are non-verbal. 

The video above describes a sort of sensory room, which is something that has been found to be incredibly effective for those on the Autism spectrum. Schools that choose to invest in these create an environment where Autistic children can flourish.


]]> 2023-04-01 14:24:30 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540661279 Autism devonmorgan https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540661415 Autism is neurodevelopmental difference that involves varying degrees of alterations in social functioning, hypersensitivity to certain stimuli, and intense interests. While the condition is disabling for some, it can come with gifted abilities in other areas such as advanced cognitive and perceptive abilities. ]]> 2023-04-01 14:24:47 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540661415 Orthopedic Impairment michaelrobinson31 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540717819  
Orthopedic impairment is defined as a child’s disability relating to a bone, joint, or muscle, that is severe enough to directly affect the child’s educational performance. It can be caused by many different factors including genetic abnormalities, disorders such as cerebral palsy, or an injury that has caused a missing limb or has impaired a muscle.

The extent to which a child’s education is affected can vary greatly, depending on the level of impairment. Many children with an orthopedic impairment do still have normal cognitive abilities, so these children require mainstream education wherever possible and in the least restrictive environment as appropriate.

]]> 2023-04-01 16:36:50 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540717819 michaelshay2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540724948 We can determine a student's intellectual function by administering an IQ test. If a student has an IQ as low as 70 or as high as 75, they may have an intellectual disability. Standardized tests can also help us to identify limitations in adaptive behavior.

Adaptive Behaviors: learned behaviors that reflect a person's social and practical competence to meet the demands of everyday living. ]]> 2023-04-01 16:52:42 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540724948 Adaptive vs. Assistive Technology michaelrobinson31 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540725512
  • Low-tech: Alternative grip tools are designed to be easier for children to hold and utilize, coming in different weights, sizes, and shapes. These tools support coordination difficulties and grip challenges. 
    • ]]>     2023-04-01 16:54:06 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540725512     Sources michaelshay2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540728467 “Intellectual Disability.” YouTube, YouTube, 27 Sept. 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jyuIiUXBpP8.

    “Successful Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities.” Learning Disabilities Association of America, https://ldaamerica.org/info/successful-strategies-for-teaching-students-with-learning-disabilities/.

    “Disability Categories.” Fairfax County Public Schools, https://www.fcps.edu/academics/academic-overview/special-education-instruction/procedural-support-disability-categories. ]]>     2023-04-01 17:01:26 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540728467     How can we support students with intellectual disabilities? michaelshay2 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540742103 Students who struggle with an intellectual disability can benefit largely from a teacher's individual attention. A teacher may need to sit with the student to deliver direct instruction, with the lesson broken down into smaller, more digestible steps. The teacher will then provide regular, quality feedback to the student so that they can feel confident about their progress through the assignment. 

    Teachers may also try using a multi-sensory approach to their instruction with the student, which involves supporting their lessons with diagrams, models, and visual aids. ]]>     2023-04-01 17:34:44 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2540742103     Sources michaelrobinson31 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541264713 The idea's special education categories: Orthopedic impairment (2013) YouTube. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kfLMfL-Rbl0 (Accessed: April 1, 2023).

    Rojas, Y. (2020) What is an orthopedic impairment?, Bowen Hefley Orthopedics. Available at: https://www.drbillhefley.com/what-is-an-orthopedic-impairment/ (Accessed: April 2, 2023). 

    At tools for physical needs Meredith Chen (no date) Assistive Technology. Available at: https://assistedtechnology.weebly.com/at-tools-for-physical-needs-meredith-chen.html (Accessed: April 2, 2023).

    Administrator, D.C.I.L. (no date) DCIL administrator, Dakota Center for Independent Living. Available at: https://dakotacil.org/2016/10/31/adaptive-vs-assistive-technology/#:~:text=In%20other%20words%2C%20%E2%80%9Cassistive%20technology,capabilities%20of%20people%20with%20disabilities.%E2%80%9D (Accessed: April 2, 2023). ]]>     2023-04-02 17:54:15 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541264713     Other Health Impairment melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541338811 Other Health Impairment as defined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is "having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment..."]]> 2023-04-02 20:27:12 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541338811 Health Problems, Disorders to OHI melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541342595 Acute or Chronic health problems that may adversely affect a child’s educational performance:
    • Asthma
    • Attention Deficit Disorder or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
    • Diabetes
    • Epilepsy
    • A Heart Condition
    • Hemophilia
    • Lead Poisoning
    • Leukemia
    • Nephritis
    • Rheumatic fever
    • Sickle Cell Anemia
    • Tourette syndrome

    ]]>     2023-04-02 20:35:52 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541342595     Hearing Impairment kathrynguard https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541344553 Distinguished from deafness, an individual with a hearing impairment is usually able to hear and respond to some auditory stimuli. Hearing impairments may entail difficulty in hearing in one or both ears and the impairment can be either changing or consistent in that individual. The terms hearing impairment and hearing loss are often used interchangeably, as “hearing impairment” or “hearing impaired” can be used to refer to any individual with a degree of hearing loss, whether it be slight, mild, moderate, severe, or profound. 
     
    Sound is measured by both intensity (decibels) and frequency (hertz). The degree of hearing loss is generally determined by the level of intensity and frequency of sounds, and especially sound in relation to speech.
     
    There are four categories of hearing impairment: conductive, sensorineural, mixed, and central hearing loss. Each category of hearing impairment results from effects stemming from different areas of the inner or outer ear, the nervous system, or the part of the brain that affects hearing.

    ]]>     2023-04-02 20:40:24 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541344553     Assistive Technology for Other Health Impairments: ADHD melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541346911 Scanning Pens are a tool used with students who have ADHD. The pen scans text optically and translates it to audio through an earpiece that connects directly to the student's ear. The pen can read words, sentences and even define words for the student. ]]> 2023-04-02 20:45:48 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541346911 Assistive Technology for Other Health Impairments: Asthma melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541353077 Air purifiers assists teachers and school staff in keeping the air clean and thus, makes it easier to breath by removing larger pollutants and allowing the clean air to flow through their filters. ]]> 2023-04-02 20:59:20 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541353077 Classroom Accommodations for Students with a Hearing Impairment kathrynguard https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541353626 Teachers and schools can help students with a hearing impairment by incorporating some or several of the following strategies in the classroom:
    • regular sessions with a  speech, language, and hearing pathologist;
    • use of amplification systems;
    • utilizing interpretation, such as ASL, transliteration, or tactile interpretation;
    • use of speech-to-text services;
    • assistive listening systems;
    • ensuring films/videos include captions;
    • use of a note taker;
    • providing test accommodations;
    • be mindful of the student's seat in the class to ease in hearing and/or lip reading
    ]]>     2023-04-02 21:00:16 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541353626     Classroom & Instructional Strategies melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541355550 Many learning strategies can assist in teaching students with other health impairments between the way the classroom is arranged, the organization of a lesson, as well as the tools used during the lesson. ]]> 2023-04-02 21:04:30 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541355550 Assistive Technology melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541357657 There are several types of assistive technologies to help people with disabilities. ]]> 2023-04-02 21:09:29 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541357657 Understanding Hearing Impairment per IDEA and Student Eligibility for Services in School kathrynguard https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541360126 This discussion provides an overview for hearing impairment per the Individual with Disabilities Act (IDEA)'s definition, as well as the connection between a student's eligibility per this definition and receiving services, such as speech and language services.]]> 2023-04-02 21:14:54 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541360126 Assistive Technology for Other Health Impairments: ADHD melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541361385 Fidget toys are small objects that students can use and manipulate with their hands. These devices are often used to help students self-regulate. Research shows that they help people with ADHD improve their ability to focus. They help to regulate the students' desire to move around and "fidget" by assisting them to deal with feelings of boredom, anxiety, and excitement. ]]> 2023-04-02 21:17:57 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541361385 References melissamertitajeanty https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541364122 Allergy and Asthma Care. (2020, June 10). Top 5 Technologies to Help Manage Asthma & Allergies - Allergy & Asthma Care LTD. Allergy & Asthma Care LTD. https://www.metroeastallergist.com/top-5-technologies-to-help-manage-asthma-allergies/
    Cherry, K. (2022, June 28). Do Fidget Toys for ADHD Work? Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/do-fidget-toys-for-adhd-work-5443071
    Health Impairments - Project IDEAL. (n.d.). Project IDEAL. http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/health-impairments/
    Sec. 300.8 (c) (9) - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. (2017, May 2). Individuals With Disabilities Education Act. https://sites.ed.gov/idea/regs/b/a/300.8/c/9
    W. (n.d.). Other Health Impairment – Simply_IDEA. Simply_IDEA. https://simplyideadotorg.wordpress.com/category/other-health-impairment/
    World Health Organization (WHO). (2021, March 4). WHO and UNICEF partner to bring quality assistive devices to people living with disabilities [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHNV0jpC8sY
    ]]>     2023-04-02 21:24:56 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541364122     Sources kathrynguard https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541370197 Comprehensive Overview of Hearing Impairments. (n.d.). National Association of Special Education Teachers. Retrieved on April 2, 2023 from https://www.naset.org/professional-resources/exceptional-students-and-disability-information/hearing-impairments/comprehensive-overview-of-hearing-impairments.


    Accommodations 101. (n.d.). National Deaf Center. Retrieved on April 2, 2023 from https://nationaldeafcenter.org/resource-items/accommodations-101/.


    Disability Categories. (n.d.). Fairfax County Public Schools. Retrieved on April 1, 2023 from https://www.fcps.edu/academics/academic-overview/special-education-instruction/procedural-support-disability-categories. 


    Your Special Education Rights. (2013, September 1). The IDEA's Special Education Categories: Hearing Impaired. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MAaLY8XFdf0

    ]]>     2023-04-02 21:39:10 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541370197     Deaf / Blindness zacharyhall10 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541454700 Deaf-Blindness: means simultaneous hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that the student cannot be accommodated in special educational programs solely for students with deafness or students with blindness.]]> 2023-04-03 00:22:12 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541454700 Video / Case Study zacharyhall10 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541460538 The speaker, who identifies as deafblind, shared a personal anecdote about noticing a mistake in a yearbook layout and having it pointed out by their teacher, who said, "Hmm, you're blind but not blind." The speaker explains that they can see some things but not others, and use their preferred method of communication through touch with the help of a tactile American Sign Language (ASL) interpreter.


    Interventions:

    • Using tactile ASL for communication.
    • Utilizing a support service provider (SSP) to help navigate the environment and provide information.
    • Emphasizing the importance of autonomy, which means the ability to make fully informed decisions without interference from others.
    • Clarifying the difference between independence and autonomy, where independence means doing everything on one's own and autonomy means having the ability to make decisions for oneself.
    • Advocating for equality and recognizing the rich diversity of the deafblind community and people with disabilities in general.
    ]]>     2023-04-03 00:27:53 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541460538     Recommended Teaching Adaptations zacharyhall10 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541516651
  • Work individually with the child to improve comprehension of signs and fingerspelling through receptive drills.
  • Determine best receptive distance for the child in various situations.
  • Use tactual signing and/or fingerspelling when necessary.
  • Consider low vision aids, such as a monocular distance aid or expanded field telescopes.
  • Consider additional staff if needed to accommodate the child's unique needs.
  • Reduce signing space and substitute signs requiring smaller signing space.
  • Alter signing distance based on type of field loss.
  • Allow use of eccentric viewing positions when needed.
  • Use tactual signing or tracking in some situations.
  • Utilize pointing, facial expressions, gestures, demonstrations, and modeling.
  • Use sign cards and pictures to teach signs with consideration of presentation (e.g., color or black line drawings, high contrast, figure-ground clarification, perspective, etc.).
  • Modify sign language on the floor to avoid visual demands in multiple places and distances.
  • Avoid presenting moving pictures in a modification of signs.
  • Consider captioned films/videos or computer aided real time (CART).
  • Adapt TDD keyboard or consider Telebraille if student is a braille user.
  • Match language level to child's ability to read and understand English.
  • Consider additional staff for group activities.
  • Point to the person who will sign next and allow the child time to locate them visually.
  • Conduct interviews with experienced team members.
  • Wear dark, solid colors to improve sign discrimination.
  • Select the best background color to improve contrast.

    • ]]>     2023-04-03 01:20:13 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541516651     Citations zacharyhall10 https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541521422 Blaha, R. (n.d.). NEEDS OF CHILDREN WITH DEAF-BLINDNESS. A-Z to Deafblindness. Retrieved April 2, 2023, from http://www.deafblind.com/issues.html

    DeafBlind: Blind but Not Blind. YouTube. Retrieved April 2, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uxZ4u6nses&ab_channel=TEDxTalks

    Disability Categories. (n.d.). Fairfax County Public Schools. Retrieved April 3, 2023, from https://www.fcps.edu/academics/academic-overview/special-education-instruction/procedural-support-disability-categories


    ]]>     2023-04-03 01:24:07 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2541521422     Specific Learning Disorder victoriaeugene https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2542941935 close
    14 categories of disabilities
    Category 8
    victoria eugene
    2d
    Specific Learning Disorder
    SLD is a neurodevelopmental disorder or a learning disability that begins at school and is sometimes recognized in adulthood. SLD can affect one of three areas Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia, and dyslexia.

    When diagnosed with dyscalculia, children have difficulties with number sense, memorization of math facts, understanding numbers, relationship counts, adding single-digit numbers, and getting lost in problem-solving computation—problems with understanding math reasoning and hard-to-understand math concepts (DSM-5. 2013. p.66).
     
    When diagnosed with dysgraphia, children have difficulties with spelling, omitting words or word sounds, and writing expression (i.e., making grammar issues, punctuation marks, unable to make paragraphs or organization, etc. (DSM-5. 2013. p.66).

    There are a variety of assistive technologies and other accommodations that can be used for dysgraphia:
    -Adaptive Keyboarding
    - Talking Calculator
    -Speech to text (Nuance Dragon Anywhere)
    -Talk to speech
    -large pencils
    -pencils with special grips

    There are a variety of assistive technologies and other accommodations for dyscalculia:
    - Flash Cards
    - Manipulative (low-tech or mid-tech devices
    - Calculators
    -  Math Fact Charts
    - Extra time
    - circle the sign
    - Count the buttons using two-handed division instead of going into
    - PEMDAS

    References:
    https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/specific-learning-disorder

    https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm

    https://www.dysgraphia.life/post/assistive-technology-for-dysgraphia#:~:text=Traditional touch typing can be,to type quickly and successfully.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPMaxsSJMwI

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_gPiH31spA
    ]]>     2023-04-04 01:03:33 UTC https://padlet.com/zhengyuchi2/5ighrz45p9015oio/wish/2542941935