The author Ramón Salaverría has been granted ‘researcher of the year’ by the the Revista Latina de Comunicación Social and is amongst the most cited researchers in the world (University of Navarra, 2023) Salaverría is an adviser to the committee of Europe, considered an expert in the sustainability of journalistic media and is currently leading a project on disinformation in the Iberian Peninsula (University of Navarra, 2023). There is plenty of cope to consider his work of reliable and sound quality.

The article provides an insight into the relationship between disinformation and digital news media and its impact on ethical journalism and citizen behaviour. It presents existing studies on disinformation, fact-checking, digital platforms such as social media through the use of bots and the importance of media literacy. Focus is also placed on the future with the emergence of Gen-Ai and the need to merge multidisciplinary approaches such as Linguistics and natural language processing to detect false and derogatory information. It is a well-versed resource to develop an overview of key ideas for further research.  

The webpage is easy to navigate and provides a clear, direct definition of digital literacy and its connection to related literacies. A list of resources is provided such as a link to a Service Development Plan for Youth services exploring the changing roles of librarians in a technological world, detailing the practical strategies to develop digital literacy amongst younger audiences as well as a hyperlink to Digital Learn, showing example tools, best practises and resources. This list is not exhaustive. The accessible format targets a wide audience from working professionals to everyday people – serving the wider purpose of advancing DL across society.

It is important to note that news articles by Bloomburg Technology can be influenced by the authors perspective and thus should be treated with caution however in the case of active research, this data can be highly influential.

The regulation is only concentrated on public Gen-Ai services such as ‘Ernie Bot’ - China’s version of ChatGPT. Regulations claim to address risks of personal data leakage, distribution of illegal information, and fake news in PRC, imposing obligations on users, service providers and online platforms.

The authors go on to further compare the bill’s development with that of the EU’s ‘Strengthened Code of Practice on Disinformation’ published on the 16^th of June 2022.

Such a legal source provides a global synopsis of the future, allowing one to identify gaps and propose corrective measures. The text in itself is easier to comprehend than the original bill and thus more accessible.

The study therefore takes a contrasting approach presenting ChatGPT as being able to perform intricate tasks and handle conceptually dense questions, challenging ideas expressed in Salaverría, R. and Cardoso, G. (2023).  

A variety of views leads to stronger research, allowing one to critically analyse and develop a comprehensive understanding of Gen-Ai issues. Kung et al., have produced a highly influential and credible piece of work having been cited 201 times in other articles (PubMed, 2023) and declared free of competing interests, omitting any bias (declared on the article).  

The feature further mentions developments in policy like Google committing to marking Ai-generated content in July 2023 and as well as dedicating an entire section to techniques users can employ to identify deepfakes.

A wealth of information is presented in a clear and concise manner for the average reader with discussion of recent controversial events allowing one to balance opinion in a reasoned way.

Science journalist Jones (Jones, 2019) supports the feature with academic references throughout. The publisher ‘Nature’ was citied more than 1 million times in the year 2022 (Plc, 2022) and prestige/accuracy of content is central with only 8% of submitted papers making it to publication (Nature, 2023).

Associate professors in the school of Education, LeCompte and Blevins and community programme coordinator, Ray have compiled a research article for the National Council for the Social Studies covering  ‘Building Bridges’ projects, a developed Media Literacy framework and learning schemes to scaffold critical and analytical skills in the classroom. Much of the material can be transferred to supporting digital literacy.

This work has been cited 26 times (Google Scholar, 2023) and with the NCSS being at the forefront of setting curriculum standards for Social studies (NCSS, 2023), the article can be considered highly rigorous.

It explores educational opportunities and future developments of the workplace using systems like Khanmigo to support students with learning difficulties, act as a personal tutor and provide feedback. The authors comment on the development of Ai detectors and new iterations of ChatGPT over fears of cheating and a change in examination practises, as well as supporting information and digital literacy to keep students informed with current technology.

Both authors are considered experts in their respective fields. Professor Lambert specialises in technological integration into teacher development and the classroom, delving into its cognitive effects (Lambert, 2023). Professor of technology, Stevens centres on integrating emerging technologies to everyday life, having incorporated augmented reality into his courses since 2011 (Stevens, 2023).

Diverse interventions are inspected like ‘System 2 thinking’ and ‘Gamification’ and a number of improvements are listed like focusing outside the US context, social media and drawing on multiple disciplines across the syllabus.

Ofcom is the official regulator/authority for UK communications industries and is held accountable to UK Parliament (Amos, 2023) thus information they are concomitant with will be thoroughly regulated.

Pseudoscience and conspiracy theories are flooding peoples YouTube feeds with Gen-Ai being used to manipulate snippets of real videos and create false information to maximise viewership for money. This brings about the question of ethics due to cuts taken by YouTube from adverts.

The video also focuses on the reactions of unaware pupils and emphasises the worldwide impact with some videos having millions of views and being subtitled in up to 20 languages.

Supplemented with further research, this resource provides an up-to-date overview of the social consequences of disinformation and focuses on a group who are often dismissed as soon-to-be-citizens - younger people.

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