1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

• Identify and describe Heat transfer modes

Terminologies:

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/energy-forms-and-changes/latest/energy-forms-and-changes_en.html

Questions to Explore:

1. How does temperature change in different materials (e.g., water, iron) when heated?

2. How do conduction, convection, and radiation manifest in the simulation?

3. What role do these mechanisms play in the context of chemical reactions?

1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

1- Lesson overview

2- Pre-assessment

3- Investigate

4- Individual Work (Scientists)

6- Choice board

7- Post-assessment

8- Reflection

1. B) Decreases

Essay Answer:

An endothermic reaction absorbs heat, causing the temperature of its surroundings to drop. For example, when ammonium nitrate dissolves in water (as in a cold pack), it absorbs energy from the surroundings, cooling the solution. This reaction demonstrates how endothermic processes transfer energy from the environment into the system, leading to a noticeable temperature decrease.

The correct answer is:

B) Decreases

In an endothermic reaction, the reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings, causing the temperature of the surroundings to drop.

---

For the essay question:

Essay Answer:

An endothermic reaction that is commonly studied is the dissolution of ammonium nitrate in water. In this process, ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) absorbs heat from its surroundings as it dissolves. This absorption of heat leads to a noticeable drop in the temperature of the solution and the surrounding environment, which can be felt if the container is touched.

The energy transfer in an endothermic reaction involves the system (in this case, the dissolving salt) taking in energy from the surroundings to break the bonds between ammonium and nitrate ions. Since more energy is required to separate these ions than is released when they interact with water, the reaction consumes heat, causing a decrease in the temperature of the solution.

An observable effect of this reaction is the cooling sensation it produces. This effect is so distinct that ammonium nitrate is used in cold packs, which are activated by dissolving the salt in water, drawing heat away and effectively reducing temperature for first-aid purposes.

A) Conduction

Essay Question (Short Answer):

In an exothermic reaction, heat is released and transferred to the surroundings by conduction, convection, and radiation.

• Conduction transfers heat directly to nearby solids, like a metal container holding the reaction.

• Convection circulates heat through fluids, warming the surrounding air as warmer air rises and cooler air replaces it.

• Radiation sends heat as infrared waves, warming objects nearby without direct contact, like feeling warmth from a flame.