Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes.

It helps us understand how people think, feel, and act.

Psychologists use observation and research to explain behavior.

It connects biology, emotions, and social life.

Its main goals are: describe, explain, predict, and control behavior.

Psychology became a science in the 19th century.

Wilhelm Wundt created the first psychology lab in 1879.

Main early schools: Structuralism and Functionalism.

Movements like Behaviorism, Psychoanalysis, and Humanism changed the field.

Modern psychology integrates neuroscience and cognition.

Biological: studies the brain and nervous system.

Behavioral: focuses on learned behaviors.

Cognitive: studies thinking and memory.

Humanistic: highlights personal growth.

Psychoanalytic: explores the unconscious mind.

Sociocultural: analyzes how society shapes us.

A psychologist studies human behavior and mind scientifically.

Uses research, testing, and therapy.

Works in hospitals, schools, or companies.

Cannot prescribe medication (unlike psychiatrists).

Helps people improve emotional well-being.

Assesses and treats emotional problems.

Conducts tests and therapy sessions.

Helps people cope with stress or trauma.

Researches mental processes and learning.

Improves mental health and life satisfaction.

Clinical: treats mental disorders.

Educational: studies learning and teaching.

Industrial-Organizational: focuses on workplaces.

Developmental: studies behavior through life stages.

Social: explores human interactions.

Motivation drives actions toward goals.

Emotions involve feelings and physiological reactions.

Both affect our behavior and decisions.

Emotions can increase or decrease motivation.

Understanding them improves relationships and self-control.

Biological needs (hunger, sleep) motivate behavior.

Hormones and the nervous system affect emotions.

The limbic system controls emotional reactions.

Physical and emotional health are deeply connected.

The body changes (heart rate, sweating) when emotions appear.

Drive Theory: based on biological needs.

Incentive Theory: external rewards motivate behavior.

Arousal Theory: people seek optimal stimulation.

Maslow’s Hierarchy: needs go from basic to self-actualization.

Cognitive Theories: motivation comes from thoughts and goals.