https://padlet.com/ayushirathod2006studies/lidr06 en-us 2019-02-11 14:33:14 UTC 2019-02-11 16:01:05 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Brightnessdown.png ayushirathod2006studies https://padlet.com/ayushirathod2006studies/lidr06/wish/329877909

 Desert covers nearly one fifth of the Earth's surface & have been changing constantly depending on climatic conditions

Many deserts are rocky, dotted with some plants & some are icy & cold.

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Based on climatic conditions  desert  are of two types-hot desert and cold desert.

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Most of the world's hot desert lie just north and south of the equator, the imaginary line that runs around the middle of the Earth. The sun's ray are strongest there.

Hot deserts can be really hot during the day, but at night temperature can fall below freezing point. This is because there are no clouds in the desert sky to keep the heat in at night.

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The Cold desert is arid region receiving less than 25cm precipitation in the year.

 they are located in the interior of the continent and at high latitude, characterized by the temperate climatic condition .

Precipitation occurs in the form of snow. the humidity remains low throughout the year.

 Vegetation occurs in the forms of shrubs, shadscale and grasses.

 summer is a little bit warm but winter remains extremely dry with chilling cold winds. P

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• The Sahara is a desert located on the African continent. 
• It is the largest hot desert in the world, and the third largest desert overall after Antarctica and the Arctic.
•  Its area of 9,200,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi) is comparable to the area of China or the United States. 
• The name 'Sahara' is derived from a dialectal Arabic word for "desert".
• The desert comprises much of North Africa, excluding the fertile region on the Mediterranean Sea coast, the Atlas Mountains of the Maghreb, and the Nile Valley in Egypt and Sudan.
•  It stretches from the Red Sea in the east and the Mediterranean in the north to the Atlantic Ocean in the west, where the landscape gradually changes from desert to coastal plains. To the south, it is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of semi-arid tropical savanna around the Niger River valley and the Sudan Region of Sub-Saharan Africa.
•  The Sahara can be divided into several regions including: the western Sahara, the central Ahaggar Mountains, the Tibesti Mountains, the Aïr Mountains, the Ténéré desert, and the Libyan Desert.
  
  

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The Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert.

a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady descending airflow causes a warming and a drying effect in the upper troposphere. The sinking air prevents evaporating water from rising, and therefore prevents adiabatic cooling, which makes cloud formation extremely difficult to nearly impossible.

The permanent dissolution of clouds allows unhindered light and thermal radiation. The stability of the atmosphere above the desert prevents any convective overturning, thus making rainfall virtually non-existent. As a consequence, the weather tends to be sunny, dry and stable with a minimal chance of rainfall. 

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• The Saharan flora comprises around 2800 species of vascular plants. Approximately a quarter of these are endemic. About half of these species are common to the flora of the Arabian deserts.
• The central Sahara is estimated to include five hundred species of plants, which is extremely low considering the huge extent of the area.
•  Plants such as acacia trees, palms, succulents, spiny shrubs, and grasses have adapted to the arid conditions, by growing lower to avoid water loss by strong winds, by storing water in their thick stems to use it in dry periods, by having long roots that travel horizontally to reach the maximum area of water and to find any surface moisture, and by having small thick leaves or needles to prevent water loss by evapotranspiration.
•  Plant leaves may dry out totally and then recover.
• Several species of fox live in the Sahara including: the fennec fox, pale fox and Rüppell's fox. 
• The addax, a large white antelope, can go nearly a year in the desert without drinking
• . The dorcas gazelle is a north African gazelle that can also go for a long time without water. Other notable gazelles include the rhim gazelle and dama gazelle.
  
  

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The people of the Sahara are of various origins.

 Among them the Amaziɣ including the Turūq, various Arabized Amaziɣ groups such as the Hassaniya-speaking Sahrawis, whose populations include the Znaga, a tribe whose name is a remnant of the pre-historic Zenaga language. 

Other major groups of people include the: Toubou, Nubians, Zaghawa, Kanuri, Hausa, Songhai, Beja.

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Ladakh ("land of high passes") is a region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir that currently extends from the Siachen Glacier in the Karakoram range to the main Great Himalayas to the south, inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent.

 It is one of the most sparsely populated regions in Jammu and Kashmir and its culture and history are closely related to that of Tibet.

 Ladakh is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and culture.

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Vegetation is extremely sparse in Ladakh except along streambeds and wetlands, on high slopes, and irrigated places. About 1250 plant species, including crops, were reported from Ladakh.

The plant Ladakiella klimesii, growing up to 6150 m.

The bharal or blue sheep is the most abundant mountain ungulate in the Ladakh region, although it is not found in some parts of Zangskar and Sham areas.

The Asiatic ibex is a very elegant mountain goat that is distributed in the western part of Ladakh. It is the second most abundant mountain ungulate in the region with a population of about 6000 individuals. It is adapted to rugged areas where it easily climbs when threatened.

The Ladakhi Urial is another unique mountain sheep that inhabits the mountains of Ladakh. The population is declining, however, and there are not more than 3000 individuals left in Ladakh.

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• There are about 1,800 km (1,100 mi) of roads in Ladakh of which 800 km (500 mi) are surfaced.The majority of roads in Ladakh are looked after by the Border Roads Organisation.
• There is one airport in Leh, from which there are daily flights to Delhi and weekly flights to Srinagar and Jammu. 
• There are two airstrips at Daulat Beg Oldie and Fukche for military transport.
•  While an airport meant for civilian purpose at Kargil is used by the Indian Army. The airport is a political issue for the locals who argue that the airport should serve its original purpose, i.e., should open up for civilian flights. 
• Since past few years the Indian Air Force has been operating AN-32 air courier service to transport the locals during the winter seasons to Jammu, Srinagar and Chandigarh.^[ A private airplane company Air Mantra landed a 17-seater aircraft at the airport, in presence of dignitaries like the Chief Minister Omar Abdullah, marking the first ever landing by a civilian airline company at Kargil.
  
  

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