Synthetic Insulin by Nicole Major https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk Follow the blue pins for a look a the history of insulin discovery, and treatment for diabetes. Use the Green tags for an overview of global insulin demand and inaccessibility. Follow the orange locations for a more in-depth look at stratified access to insulin and the ramifications of unregulated pharmaceutical markets and conflicts on diabetes treatment. en-us 2021-11-11 09:41:48 UTC 2023-02-26 02:46:15 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9ea.png Berlin, Germany nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883895025

]]> 2021-11-11 11:05:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883895025 Toronto, ON, Canada nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883897242 2021-11-11 11:07:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883897242 Toronto, ON, Canada nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883898256 2021-11-11 11:07:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883898256 Denmark nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883898886 2021-11-11 11:08:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883898886 Denmark nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883899863 2021-11-11 11:09:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883899863 UK nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883901066 2021-11-11 11:09:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883901066 University of Cambridge, Trinity Ln, Cambridge, UK nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883902191 2021-11-11 11:10:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883902191 Strasburg, Germany nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883904912 2021-11-11 11:12:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883904912 The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883908101 2021-11-11 11:14:31 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883908101 Bucharest, Romania nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883910134 2021-11-11 11:15:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883910134 Pittsburgh, PA, USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883913296 2021-11-11 11:18:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883913296 Aachen, Germany nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883913933 2021-11-11 11:18:31 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883913933 San Francisco, CA, USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883916957 2021-11-11 11:20:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883916957 USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883918560 2021-11-11 11:21:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883918560 Indiana University School of Medicine, West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883921065 2021-11-11 11:23:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883921065 Bagsværd, Denmark nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883922854 2021-11-11 11:24:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883922854 Dublin, Ireland nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883930451 2021-11-11 11:29:22 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883930451 Indianapolis, Indiana, United States nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883931699 2021-11-11 11:30:08 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883931699 University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883935330 2021-11-11 11:32:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883935330 Boston University Photonics Building (PHO), College of Engineering, St Mary's St, Boston, MA, USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883939571 2021-11-11 11:35:01 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883939571 Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi have a 96% share of the insulin marked by volume and hold 99% of the market by value! nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883944320 2021-11-11 11:38:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883944320 Globally 1 in 2 people (type 2 diabetics) have access to the insulin they need. nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883946399 2021-11-11 11:39:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883946399 Sub Saharan Africa nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883949316 Only 1 in 7 (type 2 diabetes) people have access to the insulin they need.
(Beran, D., et al. (2021). A global perspective on the issue of access to insulin. Diabetologia.]]> 2021-11-11 11:41:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883949316 World Health Organization, Avenue Appia, Geneva, Switzerland nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883951059 2021-11-11 11:42:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883951059 A study (2019) of 13 LMICs found mean availability of insulin was 55-80% in facilities that should have had 100% availability on the day of study. nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883953578 2021-11-11 11:44:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883953578 Cost of Synthetic Insulin nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883954776 2021-11-11 11:44:55 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883954776 Europe nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883957308 2021-11-11 11:46:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883957308 USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883958321 2021-11-11 11:47:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883958321 nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883959963 2021-11-11 11:48:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883959963 nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883960982 2021-11-11 11:49:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883960982 Syria nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883962806 In 2017, 705,700 cases of adult diabetes where reported.

(Khan, Y., et al. (2019). The Management of diabetes in conflict settings: Focus on the Syrian crisis. Diabetes Spectrum.)]]> 2021-11-11 11:50:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883962806 Syria nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883963505 It is estimated that 400,000 Syrians are currently dependent on Insulin to survive.

(Khan, Y., et al. (2019). The Management of diabetes in conflict settings: Focus on the Syrian crisis. Diabetes Spectrum.)]]> 2021-11-11 11:50:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883963505 In 2016, diabetes accounted for around 1.6 million annual global deaths. nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883972862 2021-11-11 11:56:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883972862 By 2030, developing countries will account for 78% of all diabetes cases in the world. nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883973989 2021-11-11 11:57:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883973989 Accra, Ghana nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883976582 The amount of insulin needed for a month would cost a worker "the equivalent of 5.5 days of pay per month," which amounts to 20% of their earnings. 

(Emely Recinos. (2021). Accessing Insulin. Available: https://www.borgenmagazine.com/accessing-insulin/. Last accessed: 11/11/2021)]]> 2021-11-11 11:58:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883976582 Mozambique nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883978722 Children with Type 1 diabetes living in rural areas have a life expectancy of just 7 months without access to insulin injections. Equivalent to that of a British child in the pre-insulin 100 years ago.

(Emely Recinos. (2021). Accessing Insulin. Available: https://www.borgenmagazine.com/accessing-insulin/. Last accessed: 11/11/2021)]]> 2021-11-11 12:00:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883978722 Walmart Supercentre, Dougall Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883993382 Dozens of Americans travelled here in 2019 (and regularly) to buy diabetes drugs for roughly 1/10th of the cost in the US. 
One individual paid US$234 in Ontario. The same supply would have cost US$3,060 in the US.
Prices for life-saving diabetes drugs have risen so significantly that 1/4 of Americans with diabetes have to ration their medication. 
Another woman's son died aged 26 two years previously when he lost his drug insurance and was forced to ration his insulin. They hadn't known it was legal to purchase insulin in Canada and bring it back to the US.

(Brent Lale. (2019). Americans travel to Canada to buy diabetes drugs at one-tenth of the price. Available: https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/americans-travel-to-canada-to-buy-diabetes-drugs-at-one-tenth-of-the-price-1.4488464#:~:text=HEALTH-, Americans%20travel%20to%20Canada%20to%20buy%20diabetes,one%2Dtenth%20. Last accessed: 11/11/2021)

]]> 2021-11-11 12:09:33 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883993382 Malaysia nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883994292 A vial of glargine (analogue insulin) costs $14

(Brent Lale. (2019). Americans travel to Canada to buy diabetes drugs at one-tenth of the price. Available: https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/americans-travel-to-canada-to-buy-diabetes-drugs-at-one-tenth-of-the-price-1.4488464#:~:text=HEALTH-, Americans%20travel%20to%20Canada%20to%20buy%20diabetes,one%2Dtenth%20. Last accessed: 11/11/2021)]]> 2021-11-11 12:10:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883994292 USA nicolemajor14 https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883995080 A vial of glargine (analogue insulin) costs between $180-$200.

(Brent Lale. (2019). Americans travel to Canada to buy diabetes drugs at one-tenth of the price. Available: https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/americans-travel-to-canada-to-buy-diabetes-drugs-at-one-tenth-of-the-price-1.4488464#:~:text=HEALTH-, Americans%20travel%20to%20Canada%20to%20buy%20diabetes,one%2Dtenth%20. Last accessed: 11/11/2021)]]> 2021-11-11 12:10:41 UTC https://padlet.com/nicolemajor14/5g7cpzefvru8fysk/wish/1883995080