Weather & Climate Vocab and Concepts by Hao Doan

1. Weather

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The daily condition of the atmosphere (temperature, precipitation, etc.)

2. Climate

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The average weather conditions over many years.

3. Atmosphere

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A blanket of gases surrounding Earth where weather happens.

4. Air Mass

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A large body of air with the same temperature and humidity.

5. Continental Polar (cP)

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Cold,dry air formed over land in cold regions.

6. Maritime Polar(mP)

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Cool, moist air formed over cold ocean water.

7. Continental Tropical (cT)

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Hot, dry air formed over deserts.

8. Maritime Tropical (mT)

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Warm, humid air from tropical oceans.

9. Front

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Where two air masses meet and weather often changes.

10. Cold Front

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A fast-moving cold air Mass pushes under warm air.

11. Warm Front

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A warm air mass moves over a cold air mass.

12. Stationary Front

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A front that doesn't move much.

13. Occluded Front

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A cold front catches up to a warm front.

14. High Pressure System

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Air is sinking; usually brings clear skies.

15. Low Pressure System

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Air is rising; usually clouds and storms.

16. Jet Stream

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A high- speed band of wind in the upper atmosphere.

17. Prevailing Winds

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Winds that blow mainly in one direction in a region.

18. Coriolis Effect

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The way Earth's rotation causes moving air to curve.

19. Humidity

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The amount of water vapor in the air.

20. Dew Point

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The temperature when air becomes full of moisture.

21. Barometer

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Measures air pressure.

22. Anemometer

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Measures wind speed.

23. Hygrometer

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Measures humidity in the air.

24. Climate Zone

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A region with similar climate patterns.

25. Climate Change

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Long-term changes in temperature, weather, and sea levels caused by human and natural activity.

26. Cumulus Clouds

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Fluffy, white clouds with flat bottoms - fair weather clouds.

27. Stratus Clouds

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Low , gray clouds that cover the sky - bring drizzle or light rain .

28. Cirrus Cloud

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Thin, wispy clouds high in the sky - made of ice crystals.

29. Cumulonimbus Clouds

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Tall, towering storm clouds - bring thunder, lightning, and heavy rain.