https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese en-us 2016-04-06 16:50:30 UTC 2019-02-05 21:31:24 UTC hello@padlet.com Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104411828 Life;
Works: 
- Pride and prejudice
- Sense and sensibility


]]> 2016-04-06 16:52:00 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104411828 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412082 Elizabeth Bennet/Mr darcy
Jane Bennet/ Bingley
Charlotte lucas/Mr collins
Lydia/Wickam
Lady catherine/Mrs Bennet]]> 2016-04-06 16:52:58 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412082 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412110 Elinor and Marianne Dashwood
Edward ferrars
Willoughby
Colonel Brandon]]> 2016-04-06 16:53:06 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412110 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412251 - Early victorian age
- Later years of queen victoria's reign
- Victorian society
- Victorian values and philosophy]]> 2016-04-06 16:53:38 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412251 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412928 - Born in France with Gautier in the last decades of the 19th century
- Art for Art's Sake
- The english theorist of the Aesthetic movement is Walter Pater 
- Life as a work of art
- Sense of decadence]]> 2016-04-06 16:56:08 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104412928 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104413310 Life;
Works: 
- Oliver twist
- David copperfield
- Hard times]]> 2016-04-06 16:57:24 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104413310 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104413908 Life;
Works:
The strange case of dr. Jekyll and mr. Hyde]]> 2016-04-06 16:59:18 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104413908 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104414253 Life;
Works:
- The picture of Dorian Gray
- The importance of being Earnest
- The ballad or reading gaol]]> 2016-04-06 17:00:23 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104414253 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415422 - King Edward VII (1901-1910)
- Modernism
- Entente cordiale (1904): agreement with France that Britain could pursue its interest in Egypt, and France in Morocco
- Class distinctions, inequalities of walth, poverty
- Liberals divided into 2 groups: those who supported laissez-faire and self-help and those who supported new liberalism.
- New liberals: Lloyd George, who believed that the Government had the responsibility to look after the poor; Winston Churchill
- Children's Charter (1906-08): series of law helping children (free meals, medical inspection)
- Introduction of old pension 
- Unemployment
- Beginning of Welfare State
- The liberals reformed the House of Lords in the Parliament act (1911) so that Lords couldn't reject a bill about money
- 1918: women aged 30 and over could vote
- Popular newspapers ]]> 2016-04-06 17:03:49 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415422 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415460 - King George V (1911-1936)
- Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria, Italy) and Triple Entente (Russia, Britain and France)
- Rivalry between Russia and Austria over Serbia led to the war after the killing of Franz Ferdinand archduke of Austria in 1914
- Russia defends serbia, Germany supports austria, Britain claims war at Germany
- British government uses propaganda in order to persuade men to join up the war, by the end of 1915 there was conscription for all young men and women replaced them in their civilian jobs.
- At first Germany had many successes but was stopped by French resistance at the Battle of the Marne
- It developed in a trench warfare
- Shell shock is the term used by doctors to describe the consequences of shell explotions on surviving soldiers
- The war at sea was very important: germany used u-boats to sink merchant ships from US, US joined the war and caused shortage of food that led germany to surrender on 11 november 1918.
- The peace treaty was signed at Versailles by Lloyd George , Georges Clemenceau of France, the American President Woodrow Wilson and Vittorio Emanuele Orlando of Italy.
- Wilson proposed Fourteen Points to prevent future wars and set up the League of Nations, an organization which uses dialogue to resolve arguments between countries. However US never joined the League.]]> 2016-04-06 17:03:56 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415460 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415542 - During the 20s arguments between coal miners and mine owers led to the General Strike of 1926. 
- There was huge unemployement and all over Europe and America a serious crisis, known as the "Depression" was taking place. During the 30s there was a recoverment owing to rearmament against nazi Germany.
- George V was succeeded by Edward VIII, who abdicated shortly after marrying a divorced american woman. So George VI came to the throne 
- Spanish war broke out in 1936 and was won by general Francisco Franco with the help of Mussolini and Hitler.
- Many intellectuals of this period like Auden, Orwell and Hemingway joined the anti-fascist International Brigade.
- People moved from towns to the edge of cities due to the decline of heavy industry
- Newspapers and radio were the main social media at the time.]]> 2016-04-06 17:04:13 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415542 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415637 - Germany was expanding to the East, invading nations like Austria, Czechoslovakia and ultimately Poland (1939). This led to the outbreak of World War II. 
- At first Germany had many succeesses (from 1939 to 1940), but was defeated by long russian winter and US army. 
- In Britain prime minister Winston Churchill established a War Cabinet of five to take important decisions.
- The russian red army mached through Eastern Europe to free the countries invaded by the Germans 
- The turning point was the American intervention in 1941, which followed a Japanese Air Attack on Pearl Harbour
- 6 June 1944 (D-Day), Germany surrendered in 1945 and Truman ordered the dropping of the atomic bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- Many countries gained independence from european domination 
- The years following the war were hard for everyone.]]> 2016-04-06 17:04:24 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415637 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415716 - The first World War left the country in a disillusioned and cynical mood and it was undergoing a hard period for low-class people. 
- There was a feeling of rootlessness and frustration; nothing seemed right or certain, even science and religion were powerless.
- The first set of new ideas was introduced by Sigmund Freud in his essay "The interpration of Dreams (1900)"
- Freud emphasised the power of the unconscious to affect behaviour and the discovery was very disturbing
- Freud's theory also stated that super-ego, which is the costraints imposed by society, education and moral laws, can distort man's behaviour
- Libido is also really important, especially in the Oedipus phase, in which the child sees the father as a rival for his mother's love
- Childhood regained importance and conventional models of relationship were readjusted
- Freud provided a new method of exploring the human mind through the analysis of dreams and the concept of "free association", which deeply influenced modern age writers
- Carl Gustav Jung continued Freud's studies and added the concept of "collective unconscious", a sort of cultural memory which operates on a symbolical level]]> 2016-04-06 17:04:41 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104415716 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104418866 - First reform act (1832): right to vote to the middle class
- Factory act (1833): regulated child labour in factories
- Ten Hours' act (1847): limitation of working hours to ten a day
- Poor law amendment act (1834): establishment of workhouses 
- Introduction of cheap newspapers
- Irish potato famine (1845) led to the "corn law" movement
- Chartist movement wrote People's charter (1838)
- Second reform act (1867): vote to skilled working men
- Building of London Underground (1854)
- The Great Exhibition (1851): in the crystal palace designed by Paxton 
- Opium wars (1839-1860): Britain fought against China for the opium trade.
- Crimean war (1853-56): Britain fought against Russia [Florence Nightingale]]> 2016-04-06 17:14:21 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104418866 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104418954 - Death of Prince Albert (1861)
- Golden and Diamond Jubilees (1887-97)
- Whigs became Liberals and Tories became Conservartive
- Queen Victoria obtaines the title of Empress of India (1877)
-Third reform act (1884): vote to all male householders
- The trade union act (1871): it legalized trade unions
- Birth of Labour party (1906) 
- Public Health act (1875): provided clean water and sanitation
- Elementary education act (1870)]]> 2016-04-06 17:14:39 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104418954 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104418999 - Morality, sense of duty
- Idea of respectability as mixture of both morality and hypocrisy
- Philantropy
- Bourgeois ideals
- Patriarchal family, female chastity, repression of sexuality
- Patriotism and sense of racial superiority (Jingoism)]]> 2016-04-06 17:14:48 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104418999 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419060 - Evangelicalism
- Utilitarianism, based on Bentham's principles, supported by james and john mill
- Scientific discovery and Darwin's theories
- Herbet Spencer apllied Darwin's ideas to social life (social darwinism)]]> 2016-04-06 17:15:00 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419060 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419156 Poor boy of unknown parents. brought up in a workhouse, sold to an undertaker, runs away to london, gang of young pickpockets
A family adopts him and finds out he has noble origins]]> 2016-04-06 17:15:16 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419156 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419186 Bildungsroman/fictional autobiography
3 parts:
- childhood and early youth
- later youth and early manhood
- maturity
Parliamentary reporter who becomes a literary man ]]> 2016-04-06 17:15:23 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419186 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419222 Coketown;
Thomas Gradgrind, headmaster, father of Louisa and Tom
Louisa marries Bounderby, a rich banker, Tom robs him and is ultimately punished
3 parts:
- Sowing
- Reaping
- Garnering

]]> 2016-04-06 17:15:29 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419222 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419258 Henry Jekyll , Edward Hyde
Four narrators:
Utterson, Enfield, Lanyon and Jekyll
both gothic and decective story]]> 2016-04-06 17:15:34 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419258 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419413 Dorian Gray, Basil Hallward
19th century version of the myth of Faust]]> 2016-04-06 17:16:07 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419413 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419452 Jack Worthing/Algernon Moncrieff
Mr Cardew, grandfather of Cecily Cardew
Ernest (false) worthing/Bunbury
Gwendolen Fairfax/Cecily Cardew
Lady Bracknell/Miss Prism]]> 2016-04-06 17:16:16 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419452 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419525 Poem of 109 stanzas, wilde's most famous poetical composition, written during his period in prison
tells the story of a hanging which took place in Reading Gaol in 1896 and which wilde witnessed as an inmate]]> 2016-04-06 17:16:29 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104419525 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104421703 2016-04-06 17:23:23 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/104421703 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/110912449 - The growing crisis of confidence was also due to the introduction of "relativity" in science
- Albert Einstein's theory of relativity discarded the concepts of time and space, which he regarded as subjective dimensions, so the world lost its solidity
- The idea of "time" was questioned also by the American philosopher William James and the French Henri Bergson
- James held that our mind records every single experience as a continuos flow of "the already" into "the not yet"
- Bergson instead made a distinction betwen historical time, which is external, linear and measured with a clock, and psychological time, which is internal, subjective and measured by the relative emotional intensity of a moment
- Studies of anthropology helped undermine the absolute truth of religious and ethical systems in favour of more relativist standpoints
- Primitive soceties began to be regarded as integrated stuctures
- Man was perceived in different ways:
To Freud man was a part of nature, a biological and phsycological phenomenon
To Marx he was the outcome of social and economic forces
- It was an age of anxiety, isolation and alienation. Through elaborate structuring, through allusion and literary references, through images and through myths, the modern writer expressed the impossibility of mastering the chaotic universe]]> 2016-05-15 13:25:18 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/110912449 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/110913079 - At the beginning of 20th century there was a period of extraordinary originality and vitality in the history of art. 
- Its cultural centre was Paris, but it took place in Europe as well as in America
- The term Modernism is used to refer to a powerful international movement which covers a variety of trends and currents that gave shape to the modern consciousness and experience
- Modernism expressed the desire to break with extablished forms and subjects 
- In the novel, under the influence of Freud, it explored the characters' psyches through the stream of consciousness technique and the interior monologue
- In poetry, it mixed slang with elevated language, with free verse and obscure symbols and images
- Modernist shared a number of common features: 
distortion of shapes;
break with limitations in space and time;
awareness of uncertain reality;
emphasis on subjectivity;
importance of unconscious as well as conscious life;
New techniques as the stream-of-consciousness;
No more distictions between genres (Woolf and Joyce);
Allusive language and association of words;
Minimalism instead of Aestheticism;
Cosmopolitan culture.]]> 2016-05-15 13:40:05 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/110913079 Dioronniejames https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/110913792 - The american William James coined the phrase "stream of consciousness" to describe the continuous flow of thoughts and sensations that characterize the human mind
- Writers understood that it was impossible to reproduce the complexity of the human mind through traditional techniques, so they adopted the interior monologue to represent, in a novel, the unspoken activity of the mind 
- The interior monologue is the verbal expression of a psychic phenomenon, while the stream of consciousness is the psychic phenomenon itself
- Main features of the interior monologue are:
verbal expression of a psychic phenomenon;
immediacy;
being free from introductory expressions;
presence of two levels of narration: one external to the characters' mind, the other internal; 
lack of rules of punctuation and logical order, presence of subjective time]]> 2016-05-15 13:55:44 UTC https://padlet.com/Dioronniejames/inglese/wish/110913792