https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j en-us 2022-12-04 10:05:15 UTC 2022-12-05 15:27:58 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f4da.png itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407914552 2022-12-04 10:20:57 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407914552 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407914834 2022-12-04 10:21:48 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407914834 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407930159 Jack London, pseudonym of John Griffith Chaney, (born January 12, 1876, San Francisco, California, U.S.—died November 22, 1916, Glen Ellen, California), American novelist and short-story writer, one of the representatives of naturalism whose best-known works—among them The Call of the Wild (1903) and White Fang (1906)—depict elemental struggles for survival. 

Deserted by his father, a roving astrologer, he was raised in Oakland, California, by his spiritualist mother and his stepfather, whose surname, London, he took. At age 14 he quit school to escape poverty and gain adventure.
London educated himself at public libraries with the writings of Charles Darwin, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Nietzsche, usually in popularized forms. At 19 he crammed a four-year high school course into one year and entered the University of California, Berkeley, but after a year he quit school to seek a fortune in the Klondike gold rush. Returning the next year, still poor and unable to find work, he decided to earn a living as a writer.

During the remainder of his life, London wrote and published steadily, completing some 50 books of fiction and nonfiction in 17 years. Although he became the highest-paid writer in the United States at that time, his earnings never matched his expenditures, and he was never freed of the urgency of writing for money.

For much of the last decade of his life, London faced a number of health issues. This included kidney disease, which ended up taking his life. He died at his California ranch, which he shared with Kittredge, on November 22, 1916.]]> 2022-12-04 10:55:35 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407930159 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407933956 Martin Eden is a twenty–year-old an impoverished but intelligent and hardworking sailor and laborer who desperately strives for self-improvement.

Ruth Morse is Martin's lover from bourgeois society, who values decency and financial well–being above all else.]]> 2022-12-04 11:05:03 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2407933956 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409248954 2022-12-05 14:52:27 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409248954 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409272823 There are some characteristics of naturalism in the novel Martin Eden:

• The main character is an ill-educated and lower-class person whose livfe is governed and controlled by the forces of environment, heredity, instinct, passion, or chance. 
• The novel depicts man in conflict with society and himself. 
• Themes: Survival, determinism, violence, and taboo. 
• The fight of the main character for survival in an amoral, indifferent universe

]]> 2022-12-05 15:07:03 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409272823 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409299595 One day Martin Eden, a sailor, twenty years old, defended Arthur Morse from bullies, Arthur is about the same age as Martin, but belongs to well-off and educated people. As a token of gratitude, Arthur invites Martin to lunch. Ruth, Arthur's sister, makes a special impression on him.  Martin decides to become worthy of this girl. He enthusiastically plunges into the study of literature and language. He often communicates with Ruth, she helps him in his studies. 

Having spent all the money earned in the last voyage, Martin goes to sea again, hiring himself as a sailor.  He feels great strength in himself and suddenly realizes that he wants to become a writer. Having met with Ruth, he shares his plans with her, but, unfortunately, the girl does not share his hopes. Ruth believes that Martin needs to study, and he passes the secondary school exams, but fails in all subjects except grammar. None of Martin's works sent to magazines and newspapers have been published, all are returned by mail without any explanation. Martin decides: the fact is that they are handwritten. He rents a typewriter and learns to type. Martin works all the time, not even counting it as labor.

Martin reads his stories to Ruth, and she easily notices their shortcomings, but is unable to see the talent with which they are written. The money earned during the voyage runs out, and Martin is hired in the laundry to iron clothes. He stops reading and gets drunk one weekend, just like in the old days. 

There are only a few weeks left before the next voyage, and Martin devotes these holidays to love. He often sees Ruth, they read together, go for bike rides, and one day Ruth finds herself in Martin's arms. They are explained. Ruth doesn't know anything about the physical side of love, but she feels Martin's attraction. Martin is afraid of offending her purity. Ruth's parents are not thrilled to hear about her engagement to Eden.

Martin decides to write for a living. He works all the time: he writes, learns unfamiliar words, analyzes literary techniques of various writers. Martin's money is running out, he is starving. Suddenly Martin receives a letter from a magazine that wants to publish his manuscript, but is going to pay five dollars, although, according to the most conservative estimates, he should have paid a hundred. Out of frustration, Martin falls ill with a severe flu. Then the receipts from the magazines begin to arrive.

Ruth insists that Martin get a job with her father, she does not believe that he will become a writer. By chance, at Morse's, Martin meets Russ Brissenden and gets close to him. With his new comrade, Martin attends a rally of socialists, where he argues with the speaker, gets on the pages of newspapers as a socialist. A newspaper publication leads to sad consequences — Ruth sends Martin a letter notifying him of the breakup of the engagement. 

Martin Eden is finally becoming famous, but all this is deeply indifferent to him. He receives invitations from those people who used to make fun of him and considered him a slacker, and sometimes even accepts them. He generously distributes money to his relatives and people with whom his fate has connected him, but nothing can touch him anymore. Martin sails to the islands, where during the voyage he commits suicide by diving into the water.]]> 2022-12-05 15:22:23 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409299595 itsuliaeyrikh https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409308914 This story actually had a huge impact on me, opening my eyes to many things. On the example of Martin Eden, we see how what he was striving for did not bring him real happiness. The girl for whom he changed, eventually left him, and then wanted to return only when he became famous. People who treated him with contempt suddenly wanted to become his friends after learning about his fame. We see that although Martin managed to rise from the very bottom, he did not find happiness or the desire to live.]]> 2022-12-05 15:27:49 UTC https://padlet.com/itsuliaeyrikh/550e6tl7uoya9s5j/wish/2409308914