DRUG STUDY by Alyssa Faith Cayanan https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb ASPIRIN AND ATENOLOL en-us 2021-09-17 08:43:04 UTC 2025-05-10 15:05:52 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/667637826/20e0f638ab3f11728bd91121efcb9f02/medical_pills_bottles_53562_6805_removebg_preview.png DRUG INFORMATION cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748187506 1. GENERIC NAME: Aspirin (Acetylsalicyclic acid)
2. BRAND NAME: Easprin, Ecotrin, Aspen, Aspilets/Aspilets-EC, Asthromed, Bayer Aspirin, Cortal 500, Tromcor
3. STOCK DOSAGE
  • Gum (chewable): 227mg
  • Tablets (chewable): 81mg
  • Enteric-coated Tablets: 81mg, 162mg, 325mg, 500mg, 650mg, 975mg
  • Tablets (film-coated): 325mg, 500mg
  • Sustained-Release Tablets: 650mg, 800mg
  • Suppositories: 120mg, 200mg, 300mg, 600mg
4. CLASSIFICATION
  • Pharmacologic Class: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
  • Therapeutic Class: Nonopioid analgesic, antipyretic, antiplatelet drug
  • Chemical Class: Salicylate
  • Pregnancy Risk Category: C (with full dose in third trimester: D)
]]> 2021-09-17 08:34:35 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748187506 MECHANISM OF ACTION cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748188716 The medication inhibits the formation of prostaglandins, which reduces pain and inflammation. The mechanism of fever reduction is unknown, but it could be linked to a decrease in endogenous pyrogens in the hypothalamus as a result of prostaglandin inhibition. By decreasing the formation of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2, the medication causes an antiplatelet effect.
  • Anti-inflammatory action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. Involved in enhancing antigen removal and in reducing the spread of inflammation
  • Analgesic action: Principally peripheral with limited action in the CNS, possibly on the hypothalamus; results in relief of mild to moderate pain
  • Antipyretic  action:  Lowers  body  temperature  in  fever  by  indirectly  causing centrally mediated peripheral vasodilation and sweating
  • Antiplatelet  action:  High  serum  salicylate  concentrations  can  impair  hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors VII, IX, and X, possibly by inhibiting action of vitamin K
]]> 2021-09-17 08:35:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748188716 INDICATION cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748189589 Relieves  pain  of  low  to  moderate  intensity; for  various  inflammatory  conditions  (acute rheumatic fever, systemic lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bursitis, and calcific tendonitis); reduces fever (selected febrile conditions); reduces recurrence of temporary blockage of blood to the brain (Transient Ischemic Attack) and heart attack (Myocardial Infarction); and is used for Kawasaki disease and thromboembolic disorders]]> 2021-09-17 08:35:58 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748189589 CONTRAINDICATIONS cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748192601
•       Hypersensitivity to salicylates, other NSAIDs, or tartrazine
•       Renal impairment
•       Severe hepatic impairment
•       Hemorrhagic states or blood coagulation defects
•       Vitamin K deficiency caused by dehydration 
•       Pregnancy (doses >100mg daily during 3rd trimester)
•       Lactation
•       Hemorrhagic Disease
•       Concomitant use with other NSAIDs and methotrexate
•       Concurrent anticoagulant use
•       Use with extreme caution, if at all, in: hepatic disorders, anemia, asthma, gastritis, Hodgkin’s disease, heart failure or other conditions in which high sodium content is harmful (buffered aspirin), patients receiving other salicylates or NSAIDs concurrently, elderly patients, and in children and adolescents

]]> 2021-09-17 08:37:47 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748192601 SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE REACTIONS cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748194250
  • Blood  and  lymphatic  system:  Anemia, Hypoprothrombinaemia, Thrombocytopenia
  • Gastrointestinal: Dyspepsia, Gastric irritation, Nausea, Vomiting 
  • Nervous system: Dizziness, confusion 
  • Respiratory,  thoracic,  and  mediastinal  disorders:  Asthma,  Bronchospasm, Dyspnea, Rhinitis 
  • Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash urticaria 
  • Potentially Fatal: Paroxysmal bronchospasm and dyspnea, Coma, Cardiovascular  collapse,  Respiratory  failure,  Severe  hypoglycemia,  Reye’s Syndrome (Rarely),  Hypersensitivity  reactions  (e.g.,  stevens  Johnson  syndrome, angioedema), Gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation
]]> 2021-09-17 08:38:39 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748194250 NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748195354
  • Instruct patient to take aspirin with food or after meals because it may cause GI upset if taken on an empty stomach
  • Instruct patient to stop taking aspirin and notify prescriber if any symptoms of stomach or intestinal bleeding occur such as passage of black, bloody, or tarry stools or if patient is coughing up blood or vomit (coffee ground like)
  • Tell  patient  to  consult  prescriber  before  taking  aspirin  with  any  prescription  drug  for blood disorder, diabetes, gout, or arthritis
  • Advise the patient to avoid alcohol ingestion as much as possible because GI bleeding may occur
  • Advise  parents  not  to  give  aspirin  to  a  child  or  adolescent  with  chickenpox  or  flu symptoms because of risk of Reye’s syndrome, and consult for an alternative drug
  • Advise adult patient not to take ibuprofen while taking a low-dose aspirin (may reduce the cardioprotective and strong preventive effects)
  • Triple check the label and prescription because overdose may lead to acute poisoning
    • ]]>     2021-09-17 08:39:11 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748195354     DRUG INFORMATION cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748206737 1. GENERIC NAME: Atenolol
    2. BRAND NAME:     Antipressan, Atenix, Novo-Atenol, Tenormin 
    3. STOCK DOSAGE
    • Tablets: 25mg, 50mg, 100mg 
    • Vial: 5mg/10mL
    4. CLASSIFICATION
    • Pharmacologic Class: Beta-adrenergic blocker
    • Therapeutic Class: Antianginal, anti- hypertensive
    • Pregnancy Risk Category: D 
    ]]>     2021-09-17 08:45:51 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748206737     MECHANISM OF ACTION cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748209595 The drug reduces cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and myocardial oxygen consumption by blocking beta1-adrenergic (myocardial) receptors. It also inhibits renin secretion without altering beta2-adrenergic receptors (pulmonary, vascular, and uterine receptors). The therapeutic effect is it increases systemic blood pressure and coronary blood flow.

    ]]>     2021-09-17 08:47:39 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748209595     INDICATION cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748210297
    For hypertension, angina pectoris, and acute myocardial infarction]]>     2021-09-17 08:48:05 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748210297     CONTRAINDICATIONS cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748210771
    • Cardiogenic shock
    • Sinus bradycardia
    • Greater than first-degree heart block
    • Heart failure (unless secondary to a tachyarrhythmia treatable with beta-adrenergic blockers)
    • Pulmonary edema
    • Pregnancy
    • Hypersensitivity  to  atenolol
    • Use cautiously in patients with renal failure, hepatic impairment, pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis, pregnant or breastfeeding patients, and children

    ]]>     2021-09-17 08:48:23 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748210771     SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE REACTIONS cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748212407
  • CNS: fatigue, lethargy, vertigo, drowsiness, dizziness, depression, disorientation, short-term memory loss
  • CV: hypertension, intermittent claudication, cold arms and legs, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, myocardial reinfarction
  • EENT: blurred vision, dry eyes, eye irritation, conjunctivitis, stuffy nose, rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngospasm
  • GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, gastric pain, flatulence, anorexia, ischemic colitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, acute pancreatitis, mesenteric arterial thrombosis
  • GU: impotence, decreased libido, dysuria, nocturia, Peyronie’s disease, renal failure
  • Hematologic: agranulocytosis
  • Hepatic: hepatomegaly
  • Metabolic: hypoglycemia
    Musculoskeletal: muscle cramps, back and joint pain
  • Respiratory: dyspnea, wheezing, respiratory distress, bronchospasm, bronchial obstruction, pulmonary emboli
  • Other: decreased exercise tolerance, allergic reaction, fever, development of antinuclear antibodies, hypersensitivity reaction
  • Adverse reactions:  Overdose may  produce profound  bradycardia,  hypotension. Abrupt withdrawal may result in diaphoresis, palpitations, headache, tremors. May precipitate  HF,  MI  in  pts  with cardiac  disease;  peripheral  ischemia  in  pts  with existing  peripheral  vascular  disease.  Hypoglycemia  may  occur  in  previously controlled diabetes. Thrombocytopenia (unusual bruising, bleeding) occurs rarely.
    • ]]>     2021-09-17 08:49:26 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748212407     NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748213935
  • Watch for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction
  • Monitor vital signs(especially blood pressure), ECG, and exercise tolerance
  • Check closely for hypotension in hemodialysis patients
  • Check and verify the medication to be administered. The medication label should  be  checked  three  times  and  prepare  the  correct  dosage  of  the medication without contaminating it
  • Introduce  self  and  verify  the  client’s  identity  by  asking  their  name  and checking  their  ID  band  and  educate  the  client  about  the  therapeutic purpose, possible side effects/adverse effects of the medication
  • Ask for a history of hypersensitivity to atenolol
  • If  the  patient  has  angina  pectoris,  record  onset,  quality  (sharp,  dull, squeezing),  radiation,  location,  intensity,  duration  of  anginal  pain, precipitating factors (exertion, emotional stress)
  • Make position changes slowly and in stages, particularly from lying to standing position to avoid hypotensive effect
  • Monitor blood glucose level regularly if patient is diabetic; drug may mask signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
  • Document the client’s response to medication
  • PATIENT TEACHING:
  • Instruct patient to immediately report signs and symptoms of allergic response, breathing problems, and chest pain
  • Instruct  the  client  to  adhere  rigidly  to  dose  regimen  and  to  not  abruptly  discontinue the medication. Sudden discontinuation of drug can exacerbate angina and precipitate tachycardia or MI in patients with coronary artery disease
  • Advise patient to take drug at same time every day.
  • Inform patient that he may experience serious reactions if he stops taking drug suddenly. Advise him to consult prescriber before discontinuing
  • Caution patient to avoid driving and other hazardous activities until he knows how drug affects concentration and alertness. 
  • Tell the patient that drug may cause a temporary blood pressure decrease if he stands or sits up suddenly. Instruct him to rise slowly and carefully
  • Instruct the client to restrict alcohol intake because it can increase the blood pressure lowering effect of the medication
  • Inform women that drug shouldn’t be taken during pregnancy. Urge them to report planned or suspected pregnancy
  • Tell men that drug may cause erectile dysfunction. Advise them to discuss this issue with the prescriber
  • As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs, tests, and behaviors mentioned above


    • ]]>     2021-09-17 08:50:29 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748213935     ASPIRIN cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748216356 2021-09-17 08:52:06 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748216356 ATENOLOL cayananalyssafaith https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748216619 2021-09-17 08:52:18 UTC https://padlet.com/cayananalyssafaith/4y89ebrpzhwkvqgb/wish/1748216619