https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5 EDUC 5077 W1 en-us 2023-03-30 02:35:39 UTC 2023-03-30 17:39:52 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f596.png garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538472542 This landmark court decision outlawed racial segregation in public schools. The ruling had long-lasting effects, which continue to inform how school districts balance race among their students today. In my career, I have seen this play out as the closure of ENL programs in specific schools, sending English Language Learners to school in their own neighborhood schools regardless of whether there is a program in place to support them.]]> 2023-03-30 14:15:24 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538472542 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538477579 This Act signed by President Johnson in 1964 made discrimination illegal in public places such as schools. It created a number of protected categories- namely race, color, national origin, sex, and religion.]]> 2023-03-30 14:18:28 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538477579 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538608731 This 1972 legislation made it illegal for schools to discriminate on the basis of sex. Under Title IX, my formerly all women's college (Wells, which became co-ed in 2004) had to rush to create men's sports teams so that there would be a reasonable balance between the sexes.]]> 2023-03-30 15:43:02 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538608731 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538635099 In 1968, the federal government began providing grants to school districts to develop bilingual education programs. These programs remain important today, when 22% of students in U.S. schools speak a language other than English. However, many schools today are still unable to create and sustain bilingual programs due to the cost and difficulty with recruiting teachers and staff.]]> 2023-03-30 16:03:31 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538635099 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538719455 This act signed by President Clinton in 1994 requires public schools to give extra help and support to students deemed "educationally disadvantaged." This is the basis for most academic interventions offered in schools today.]]> 2023-03-30 17:10:27 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538719455 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538722366 This misleadingly titled act required schools to give additional supports to students who were struggling. Unfortunately, this mandate came at the expense of school funding, since schools that were unable to make improvements were systematically defunded.]]> 2023-03-30 17:12:45 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538722366 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538725062 This 1974 court case mandated English language instruction for students who do not speak English as a first language. While the initial activism came out of the Chinese- American community, the case has positively affected students of immigrant families from all around the world.]]> 2023-03-30 17:15:04 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538725062 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538732752 This 1965 Act was aimed at supporting struggling students, those still learning English, and students with disabilities. Many subsequent Acts listed herein were essentially extensions of ESEA.]]> 2023-03-30 17:21:17 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538732752 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538735138 The Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974 prohibited discrimination in public schools. The law applied not only to students, but to school faculty and staff as well.]]> 2023-03-30 17:23:19 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538735138 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538741339 In 1930, the Del Rio ISD v. Salvatierra court case attempted to establish that the unequal segregation of Mexican American students was unlawful. Unfortunately, the parents advocating for desegregation were unsuccessful. This case continued to be cited as precedent in many other cases of its kind for years afterward.]]> 2023-03-30 17:28:31 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538741339 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538746234 In 1931, Alvarez v. Lemon Grove, or "The Lemon Grove Incident" was the first court case to make racial segregation in schools unlawful. This came after the Lemon Grove school district attempted to build a school specifically for Mexican American students (to keep them apart from White students).]]> 2023-03-30 17:32:35 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538746234 garrej887 https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538750290 This 1947 court case banned discrimination in schools against Mexican American students and families. It was the first case of its kind to cite the harm done to minority students by discriminatory practices which were common at the time.]]> 2023-03-30 17:35:41 UTC https://padlet.com/garrej887/4tvbb8cr7n64ttd5/wish/2538750290