https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf Diego Maldonado, 3rd period en-us 2021-11-09 17:31:49 UTC 2021-12-03 17:38:05 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f5fa.png dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879000324 The Umayyad conquest of Hispania, also known as the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula or the Umayyad conquest of the Visigothic Kingdom, was the initial expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate over Hispania (in the Iberian Peninsula) from 711 to 718. The conquest resulted in the destruction of the Visigothic Kingdom and the establishment of the Umayyad Wilayah of Al-Andalus (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:33:17 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879000324 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879000800 Tenochtitlan, also known as Mexico-Tenochtitlan, was a large Mexica altepetl in what is now the historic center of Mexico City. The exact date of the founding of the city is unclear. The date 13 March 1325 was chosen in 1925 to celebrate the 600th anniversary of the city. The city was built on an island in what was then Lake Texcoco in the Valley of Mexico. The city was the capital of the expanding Aztec Empire in the 15th century until it was captured by the Spanish in 1521 (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:33:29 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879000800 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879001174 The Aztec Empire or the Triple Alliance was an alliance of three Nahua altepetl city-states: Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco, and Tlacopan. These three city-states ruled that area in and around the Valley of Mexico from 1428, until the combined forces of the Spanish conquistadores and their native allies, under the name of Hernán Cortés, defeated them in 1521 (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:33:36 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879001174 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879001564 The Treaty of Tordesillas signed in Tordesillas, Spain on 7 June 1494, and authenticated in Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire (Crown of Castile) (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:33:45 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879001564 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879001958 La Noche Triste ("The Night of Sorrows", literally "The Sad Night") was an important event during the Spanish conquest of Mexico, wherein Hernán Cortés, his army of Spanish conquistadors, and their native allies were driven out of the Aztec capital at Tenochtitlan (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:33:54 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879001958 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879002249 A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies is an account written by the Spanish Dominican friar Bartolomé de las Casas in 1542 (published in 1552) about the mistreatment of and atrocities committed against the indigenous peoples of the Americas in colonial times and sent to then Prince Philip II of Spain (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:34:01 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879002249 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879009592 Doña Leonor Cortés Moctezuma (born c. 1528 – died before 1594) was the out-of-wedlock daughter of Hernán Cortés, conquistador of Mexico, and Doña Isabel Moctezuma the eldest daughter of the Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:36:46 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879009592 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879026296 In early 1521, Ponce de León organized a colonizing expedition consisting of some 200 men, including priests, farmers and artisans, 50 horses and other domestic animals, and farming implements carried on two ships. Before the settlement could be established, the colonists were attacked by the Calusa, the indigenous people who dominated southern Florida and whose principal town was nearby. Ponce de León was mortally wounded in the skirmish when, historians believe, an arrow poisoned with the sap of the manchineel tree struck his thigh (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:42:42 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879026296 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879049002 On the evening of 3 August 1492, Columbus departed from Palos de la Frontera with three ships. On 7 October, the crew spotted "[i]mmense flocks of birds". On 11 October, Columbus changed the fleet's course to due west, and sailed through the night, believing land was soon to be found. At around 02:00 the following morning, a lookout on the Pinta, Rodrigo de Triana, spotted land (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:51:14 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879049002 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879058443 The son of Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal, Philip inherited his father's Spanish Empire in 1556 and succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1580 following a dynastic crisis. Under Philip II, Spain reached the height of her influence and power, sometimes called the Spanish Golden Age, and ruled territories in every continent then known to Europeans (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 17:54:41 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879058443 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879071902 Martín Cortés el Mestizo  was the first-born son of Hernán Cortés and La Malinche (Doña Marina), the conquistador’s indigenous interpreter and concubine. He is considered to be one of the first mestizos of New Spain and is known as “El Mestizo” (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 18:00:07 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879071902 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879097909 Moctezuma Xocoyotzin and referred to retroactively in European sources as Moctezuma II, was the ninth Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan and the sixth Huey Tlatoani or Emperor of the Aztec Empire, reigning from 1502 or 1503 to 1520 (Wikipedia). ]]> 2021-11-09 18:10:16 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879097909 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879501153 Thus, after the celebration of Ferdinand II's obsequies on 14 March 1516, Charles was proclaimed king of the crowns of Castile and Aragon jointly with his mother. Finally, when the Castilian regent Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros accepted the fait accompli, he acceded to Charles's desire to be proclaimed king and imposed his enstatement throughout the kingdom (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-09 21:13:20 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1879501153 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1881802662 Atahualpa was the last Inca Emperor. After defeating his brother, Atahualpa became very briefly the last Sapa Inca (sovereign emperor) of the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu) before the Spanish conquest ended his reign.  Atahualpa was sentenced to death by burning at the stake. He was horrified since the Inca believed that the soul would not be able to go on to the afterlife if the body were burned. In accordance with his request, he was executed by strangling with a garrote on 26 July 1533 (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-10 16:25:41 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1881802662 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891688436 The Real Audiencia of Mexico or high court was the highest tribunal of the Spanish crown in the Kingdom of New Spain. The Audiencia was created by royal decree on December 13, 1527, and was seated in the viceregal capital of Mexico City (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:02:51 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891688436 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891708047 Our Lady of Guadalupe also known as the Virgin of Guadalupe is a Catholic title of Mary, mother of Jesus associated with a series of five Marian apparitions in December 1531, and a venerated image on a cloak enshrined within the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico City (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:09:58 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891708047 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891720299 The Twelve Apostles of Mexico, the Franciscan Twelve, or the Twelve Apostles of New Spain, were a group of twelve Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the newly-founded Viceroyalty of New Spain on May 13 or 14, 1524, and reached Mexico City on June 17 or 18,^[1] with the goal of converting its indigenous population to Christianity (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:14:23 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891720299 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891730767 Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco was the first Viceroy of New Spain, serving from November 14, 1535 to November 25, 1550, and the third Viceroy of Peru, from September 23, 1551, until his death on July 21, 1552 (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:18:21 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891730767 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891749798 In October 1519, Spanish conquistadors led by Hernan Cortes assembled the nobles of the Aztec city of Cholula in one of the city courtyards, where Cortes accused them of treachery. Moments later, Cortes ordered his men to attack the mostly unarmed crowd (Thought.Co).]]> 2021-11-15 16:25:20 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891749798 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891777968 The Massacre in the Great Temple, also called the Alvarado Massacre, was an event on May 22, 1520, in the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan during the Spanish conquest of Mexico, in which the celebration of the Feast of Toxcatl ended in a massacre of Aztec elites (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:36:07 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891777968 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891791228 The Fall of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire, was a decisive event in the Spanish conquest of the empire. It occurred in 1521 following extensive manipulation of local factions and exploitation of pre-existing political divisions by Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:40:42 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891791228 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891805195 In 1520 he built a chapel to commemorate the many Spanish killed in battle that year by the Aztecs. It now stands as the Church of San Hipólito (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:45:58 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891805195 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891812283 Juan Garrido joined a Spanish expedition and arrived in Santo Domingo (Hispaniola) about 1502. He participated in the invasion of present-day Puerto Rico and Cuba in 1508 (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 16:48:36 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1891812283 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892198255 In the subsequent battles with the Spaniards after Cortés' return, Moctezuma was killed. The details of his death are unknown, with different versions of his demise given by different sources (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 19:31:59 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892198255 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892206707  Malintzin more popularly known as La Malinche was a Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast known for contributing to the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, by acting as an interpreter, advisor, and intermediary for the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés.^[1] She was one of 20 enslaved women given to the Spaniards in 1519 by the natives of Tabasco (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 19:36:25 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892206707 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892213401 In a letter to the Spanish King dated August 14, 1536, writes of a battle that occurred in late June 1536 between Pedro de Alvarado and a local Honduran cacique named Çiçumba. The naked and tattooed body of a Spaniard was found dead within Çiçumba's town of Ticamaya after the battle. According to Cereceda, this Spaniard had come over with 50 war-canoes from Chetumal early in 1536, to help Çiçumba fight the Spanish who were attempting to colonize his lands. The Spaniard was killed in the battle by an arquebus shot (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 19:39:38 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892213401 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892229286 Following complaints and calls for reform from individuals such as the Dominican friar Bartolomé de Las Casas, these laws were intended to prevent the exploitation and mistreatment of the indigenous peoples of the Americas by the encomenderos, by strictly limiting their power and dominion over groups of natives (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-15 19:47:17 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1892229286 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1894992690 In 1525, Cortés took Cuauhtémoc and several other indigenous nobles on his expedition to Honduras, as he feared that Cuauhtémoc could have led an insurrection in his absence.^[16] While the expedition was stopped in the Chontal Maya capital of Itzamkanac, known as Acalan in Nahuatl, Cortés had Cuauhtémoc executed for allegedly conspiring to kill him and the other Spaniards (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-16 19:13:19 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1894992690 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1895001487 In 1520 he was sent to Mexico by the Governor of Cuba Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, with the objective of stopping the invasion by Hernán Cortés which had not been authorized by the Governor. Even though his 900 men outmanned those of Cortés 3 to 1, Narváez was outmaneuvered, lost an eye and was taken prisoner (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-16 19:17:32 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1895001487 dm4006429 https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1895009391 The Narváez expedition was a Spanish journey of exploration and colonization started in 1527 that intended to establish colonial settlements and garrisons in Florida.^[1] The expedition was initially led by Pánfilo de Narváez, who died in 1528. Many more people died as the expedition traveled west along the explored Gulf Coast of the present-day United States and into the American Southwest. Only four of the expedition's original members survived, reaching Mexico City in 1536 (Wikipedia).]]> 2021-11-16 19:21:17 UTC https://padlet.com/dm4006429/4mptvo3zm4jfdxnf/wish/1895009391