Subjected to the discriminatory requirements of fascist racial laws, and at 13 was arrested and deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp, from which she returned at the end of the Second World War.

After a long period of silence, in the nineties he began to tell his own experience publicly, with the aim of raising awareness among the new generations against racism and indifference.

On 19 January 2018, she was appointed senator for life by the President of the Republic, Sergio Mattarella.

Since 15 April 2021 he has been chairman of the Extraordinary Commission in order to delete the phenomena of intolerance, racism, anti-Semitism and incitement to hatred and violence.

She was the third woman (after Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casati and Camilla Ravera) to chair the upper house of the Italian Parliament.

She stands for: Women Emporwement through the "HeforShe" campaign, also for education and freedom to choice. Emma Watson has done global discussions that inspired universities, governments and many companies.

One of her speech:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nIwU-9ZTTJc

Agatha Christie, known as the Queen of Crime, is the most popular mystery novel writer in history, amongst both men and women. She used her life experiences to get inspiration to write her books, such as when she was a volunteer in the British Red Cross during World War One.

Virginia Woolf is considered one of the main innovetors of the english literature and the first to experiment the stream of consciousness. She's fought for gender equality with her husband. Her most important book is "A room for one's own".

https://quellodiarte.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/le-due-frida.jpg (Frida Kahlo, le due frida 1939)

After writting a blog about her experiences under Taliban rule , she was shot in 2012 for her advocacy but survived . in 2014 ,she became the youngest nobel prize laureate for her efforts to promote education for girls. Malala co-founded the the Malala fund to support girls' education worldwide and continues to be a leading voice for women's rights.

ENGLISH SPEECH | MALALA YOUSAFZAI: Education First (English Subtitles) - YouTube

She's famous for being Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021, as well as the first woman ever to hold this role.

She was also president of European Council and of the G8 in 2007.

In 2022 she won the "Nansen Refugee Award" for having welcomed more than 1.2 milion refugess into the German territory in 2015/2016 during the Syrian civil war.

NANSEN AWARD UNHCR: https://www.unhcr.org/news/news-releases/angela-merkel-receive-unhcr-nansen-refugee-award-protecting-refugees-height

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wV1FrqwZyKw

Nicole Santini

https://youtu.be/w6JFRi0Qm_s?si=xv3Dd5BruSi65ijl

https://youtu.be/mU0oOUTo5zo?si=jrpj0il-R4yxEmDa

Rita Levi Montalcini has been an incredible figure in the struggle for human rights, especially for women and science. Born in Italy, in Turin, in 1909, she had to face many difficulties because of the fascist racial laws. Nevertheless, he continued to study and work in research, showing extraordinary determination.

Her career took off when she discovered the nerve growth factor, a major scientific breakthrough that earned her the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1986. But she did not stop there: she has always used her fame to talk about equality and human rights. He argued the importance of education for all, especially women, because he believed that knowledge was fundamental to fighting injustice.

He died in Rome on 30 December 2012 at the age of 103

Rosa Parks' action initiated the "Montgomery Bus Boycott", a protest that leasted more than a year in which the Black community stopped using public transportation to oppose segregation. This event marked the beginning of a larger civil rights movement and led to the emergence of leaders like Martin Luther King.

Rosa Parks continued to fight for equality and social justice throughout her life.

Taylor Swift is well known both for surprising her fans and for finding new ways to share and distribute her earnings. From paying off people’s student loans to covering medical bills and rent, much of Swift’s altruism is intended to benefit struggling fans and their families directly. But she’s also given generously to a number of charitable organizations, too. The proceeds of her “Welcome to New York” single were donated to New York City schools, for instance, and she also donated $1 million to tornado relief efforts in Nashville in 2020.

It’s impossible to overlook the immense impact of Taylor Swift on the music industry and beyond. With her captivating lyrics, unparalleled songwriting prowess, and unwavering commitment to female empowerment, Swift has become a beacon of strength and inspiration for women around the world.

Audrey Hepburn is an actress best known for "Breakfast at Tiffany's". When she was a child during WWII, Hepburn and her family depended on charities for food and medicine. After she retired from the movie business, Hepburn became a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF and it became her primary focus; she raised money, visited countless countries, and continued to work for the foundation while battling cancer. Starting with her first UNICEF mission to an Ethiopian orphanage, Hepburn remained most dedicated to helping vulnerable children. Between the years 1988 and 1992, she auctioned off most of her famous film costumes in order to bring clean water, food, and medicine to children around the world.

She fought all her life not only for black people rights but for women rights as well, and she thought that those forms of oppression were interconnected.

She is most remembered for her important spechees, for example the one were she answered to arguments that women were too weak and inferior to men to have rights, saying "Ain't I a woman", killing two bird with one stone.

Ahlam

She is one of the most important women in the italian political, she took parte resistance against fascism and was very active fighting for women's right, becoming president of the Italian women's union

Simone de Beauvoir, born in 1908 in Paris, was a renowned French philosopher, writer, and feminist. Her partnership with philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre and her dedication to independent thought led her to become one of the most influential intellectuals of her time.

In 1949, she published The Second Sex, a groundbreaking book that examined women’s subjugation and the structures of patriarchy. She famously wrote,

“One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman”

indicating that society, rather than biology, imposes restrictive roles on women, shaping their identities from a young age.

De Beauvoir’s ideas ignited change, inspiring women to question traditional roles and advocate for equality. Her work laid essential groundwork for the feminist movement, challenging unjust norms and encouraging women to strive for freedom and independence.

The meaning of life according to Simone de Beauvoir

In 2006, Madonna co-founded Raising Malawi, a non-profit organization focused on providing health, education, and community support to orphans and vulnerable children in Malawi, Africa. Through this initiative, she has funded numerous projects, including the construction of schools and hospitals.

Alice Corbari

She has been a powerful advocate for human rights and social justice throughout her career. Her work goes far beyond music, and she has used her platform to highlight issues including gender equality, LGBTQ+ rights, racial justice, and the fight against HIV/AIDS.

The act also includes provisions for enforcement. If an employer is found in breach of this duty, an employment tribunal can impose an additional compensation uplift (up to 25%) for the affected employee. The legislation aims to enhance protections and allow the Equality and Human Rights Commission to hold employers accountable, thus fostering safer workplaces for all employees.

The PUMP Act amends the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) by requiring employers with 50 or more employees to provide reasonable break time in a private, non-bathroom space for an employee to express breast milk for the employee’s nursing child for one year after the child’s birth. Employers are not required to pay employees for this time unless otherwise required by law, but the break time must be considered hours worked if the employee is not completely relieved from duty during the break. Previously, the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act amended the FLSA to provide the same requirements for non-exempt employees. The PUMP Act expands this right to cover both exempt and non-exempt employees. 

Employers with fewer than 50 employees may be exempt from the new requirement if they can show it would impose an undue hardship causing the employer significant difficulty or expense when considered in relation to the size, financial resources, nature, or structure of the employer’s business. The PUMP Act also provides exemptions for crewmembers of air carriers, train crews of rail carriers, and motorcoach services operators.  

The Convention of Belém do Pará is, together with the Council of Europe’s Istanbul Convention, the only binding instrument of a supranational nature for the elimination of gender-based violence. The definition of violence in art.1 includes "any act or conduct, based on gender, that causes death or physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, whether in public or private life". This concept is also referred to in Article 3, which states that every woman has the right to be free from violence, both in public and private spheres.

Women’s Health Protection Act establishes a statutory right for health care professionals to provide abortion care and the right for their patients to receive care, free from bans and medically unnecessary restrictions that single out abortion care.

Without federal protections for abortion rights, states have already denied millions of people access to abortion care. More than 20% of the country’s population currently resides in states where abortion is now illegal.

Large swaths of the South and Midwest are now abortion deserts—where those seeking care are forced to travel long distances to access services or carry pregnancies against their will.

Abortion bans and restrictions disproportionately impact those who already face discriminatory barriers to accessing health care—including Black, Indigenous, Latina/x, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and other people of color, women, those working to make ends meet, members of the LGBTQI+ community, immigrants, young people, those living in rural communities, and people with disabilities.

Under Raneem’s Law, domestic abuse specialists will be embedded into 999 control rooms, where they will advise on risk assessments and work with frontline officers to ensure a fast and appropriate response. While this measure is a positive improvement, domestic abuse specialists must be included at all stages of police response, including the investigation process, to ensure that survivors are protected, and perpetrators are held to account.

It takes an incredible amount of courage for survivors to report their experiences to the police, so it is essential that those who do are properly supported through the investigation process by specialists. We know that women’s confidence in the police is at an all-time low, with only one in five reporting their experiences of abuse. Having specialist support throughout the process may help to improve this confidence and in turn increase justice.

New guidance is to make it easier for police to protect people from stalkers, after critics argued the standard of proof required to apply existing powers was too high.

Stalking protection orders (SPOs) make it a criminal offense for perpetrators to approach or contact their victims, carrying a sentence of up to five years. But although stalking was reported to police more than 116,000 times last year, the total number of orders obtained was in the low hundreds. 

About one in five women and one in 10 men experience stalking during their lives, but stalking protection orders are "not applied for as often as they should be". According to figures obtained by the victims' charity under Freedom of Information laws, 12 of the 43 police forces in England and Wales have issued fewer than 10 per year since SPOs came into force.

it’s a U.S. federal legislation that expanded the juridical tools to combat violence against women and provide protection to women who had suffered violent abuses. It was signed in 1994 by U.S. president Bill Clinton. It was important for calling attention to the issues of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual abuse and assault, and stalking.

Grants provide funds for shelter, rapeprevention and education, programs to address and reduce the sexual abuse of runaway and homeless youth, and community programs to educate on domestic violence. The VAWA also makes government pay for studies of violence against women. The VAWA was reauthorized in 2000, 2005, and 2013.

There are nine protected characteristics such as age, sex, disability, race and religion or belief.

Under the Equality Act you are protected from discrimination:

• when you are in the workplace

• when you use public services like healthcare (for example, visiting your doctor or local hospital) or education (for example, at your school or college)

• when you use businesses and other organisations that provide services and goods (like shops, restaurants, and cinemas)

• when you use transport

• when you join a club or association (for example, your local tennis club)

• when you have contact with public bodies like your local council or government departments

the WHPA is still under consideration in Congress, but it represents a significant legislative step toward reestablishing reproductive rights across the United States.

Eleonora

The protection from Sex-based harassment in public Act (2023): targets sex-based harassment in public spaces, aiming to reduce intimidation and distress due to gender-based aggression in public settings. This law is part of the government's broader initiative to enhance public safety for women.

Eleonora.

Her artistic career includes visual arts, performance, music, and film. She has often focused on themes of feminism, peace and breaking social conventions. One of her most famous works :the Cut Piece performance, where audience members were invited to cut pieces of her clothing; the Grapefruit book, a collection of conceptual art instructions.

Eleonora

Workplace harassment can significantly impact all areas of a victim’s life. If you suspect your employer is engaging in illegal practices or allowing a hostile work environment, it’s crucial to understand your rights. At the Law Offices of Jeremy Pasternak, with locations in San Francisco and Los Angeles, we have been advocating for employees and executives for 20 years. Our attorneys possess the expertise and resources necessary to confront companies throughout California that tolerate such environments.

Key Employment Laws

1. Equal Pay Act (EPA): This law prohibits gender-based pay discrimination, ensuring that men and women performing the same job receive equal pay. It is enforced by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).

2. Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA): This act sets standards for minimum wage, overtime pay, and the elimination of child labor, significantly benefiting women in the workforce.

3. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act: This law prohibits discrimination based on sex, including sexual harassment, in the workplace.

4. Pregnancy Discrimination Act: This act prevents discrimination against pregnant women and prohibits employers from making hiring or employment decisions based on pregnancy.

5. COBRA: This act requires employers to provide health insurance coverage for a limited time after an employee leaves, which is particularly important for women.

6. Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA): FMLA allows employees to take unpaid leave for childbirth or adoption, protecting the rights of both men and women.

It also addresses harassment, defined as unwanted behavior that violates an individual’s dignity, and victimization, which refers to unfair treatment of someone who has made or supported a complaint. A key aspect of the Act is the Public Sector Equality Duty, requiring public bodies to actively consider the impact of their policies on people with protected characteristics and to promote equality in their practices.

Additionally, the Act mandates that employers make reasonable adjustments for disabled individuals, ensuring they are not placed at a disadvantage. Gender pay gap reporting is another crucial element, obligating larger companies to publish data on pay disparities between genders, thereby fostering transparency and accountability. Overall, the Equality Act 2010 plays a critical role in advancing fairness and inclusivity, providing individuals with the means to challenge discrimination and seek justice in various aspects of life.

The law also supports policies that help reconcile work and family life, recognizing that women often carry a heavier burden of family responsibilities. In addition, it promotes awareness programs and training to reduce gender discrimination and foster equal opportunities in society. Furthermore, Law No. 125 includes provisions to support women who are victims of violence, ensuring access to necessary resources and assistance. Overall, this law reflects Italy’s commitment to advancing gender equality and safeguarding women’s rights, creating a framework to tackle discrimination and enhance women’s participation in all aspects of life.

Born in 1934 to a London suburb by Welsh parents, she rejects the future teacher that her family has reserved for her and leaves home, pursuing the dream of a bohemian life in the English capital with Alexander Plunket Greene, her fellow student at Goldsmith College.

She is to be credited for launching the miniskirt, despite her invention being attributed to French designer André Courrèges. With the creation of the miniskirt she started a revolution of style that will free women from the perbenist fashion of an era marked by post-war austerity. The chief arouses a lot of controversy and becomes the emblem of the rebellion of an entire generation.

Elena Lombardi

The law introduces protection orders, called Domestic Abuse Protection Orders (DAPOs), which allow courts to impose restrictions on abusers, even without a conviction. Additionally, it provides specific support for children who witness the violence. This law represents an important step forward in protecting victims and preventing domestic violence.

It defines violence against women broadly, including not only physical violence but also psychological, sexual, and economic violence. The Convention establishes that states must adopt laws and policies to prevent violence, protect victims, and punish perpetrators.

It also recognizes that violence against women is a violation of human rights and requires that victims have access to justice. This treaty is an important step in the fight for gender equality and the protection of women in Latin America and the Caribbean.

1. Equality Act 2010: This act protects against discrimination based on gender, marital status, pregnancy, maternity, and other characteristics. It promotes equality in the workplace and wider society.

2. Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004: This legislation strengthens protections for victims of domestic violence, allowing for various forms of intervention and support.

3. Sexual Offences Act 2003: This act addresses sexual violence and includes provisions related to consent,and sexual exploitation.

4. Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003: This law makes it illegal to perform FGM in the UK and to take girls abroad for the procedure.

5. The Modern Slavery Act 2015: This law aims to combat human trafficking and exploitation, which disproportionately affects women and girls.

6. The Protection from Harassment Act 1997: This act provides legal remedies for those experiencing harassment, including stalking.

7. The Employment Rights Act 1996: This legislation includes provisions related to maternity leave and pay, ensuring rights for women in the workplace.

8. The Marriage Act 1836 : Addresses the legal age for marriage and includes protections against forced marriage.

   
   

These laws are part of a broader framework aimed at promoting gender equality and safeguarding women's rights in the UK. Various organizations and advocacy groups also work to ensure these laws are upheld and to support women facing discrimination or violence.

In 2019, the “Red Code” improved the speed of legal proceedings, ensuring a swift response to protect victims. These laws mark an important step forward, but much remains to be done to ensure full protection.

• Law No. 154/2001: This law focuses on protecting women from domestic violence and includes measures for assistance and support for victims.

• Law No. 66/1996: This law addresses sexual violence and introduces measures to combat and prevent sexual crimes, including provisions for victim support.

• Legislative Decree No. 198/2006 (Code of Equal Opportunities): This decree promotes gender equality in the workpla

• Law No. 38/2009: This law aims to combat human trafficking, particularly for the purposes of sexual exploitation, and includes provisions for victim protection.

• Law No. 119/2013: This law introduced measures for the protection of women from domestic violence, including stricter penalties for offenders and measures for the safety of victims.

• Law No. 92/2012: This law promotes work-life balance, including provisions for parental leave and protections for working mothers.

• Law No. 162/2014: This legislation addresses the prevention of gender-based violence and promotes awareness campaigns and support services for victims.

  this law is also known as the "Code Red" law: This law enhances protections for victims of domestic violence, including immediate protective measures and support services.

1. Domestic Abuse Protection Notices (DAPOs): Allow for the imposition of rehabilitation programs for abusers and electronic monitoring.

2. Strengthening Sentencing: New guidelines provide for harsher penalties for murders involving coercive control.

3. Clare’s Law: Speeds up access to information about a partner’s history of abuse.

4. Support Tools: Programs like “Ask for ANI” allow individuals to discreetly request help in workplaces.

5. Violence as a National Threat: Violence against women is now a priority for police forces.

Additionally, stricter laws have been introduced to prevent domestic abusers from obtaining firearms and to improve police training for better responses to gender-based violence.

1.Equal Opportunity Code (Law 162/2021): This law requires companies with more than 50 employees to submit biannual reports on gender-related employment metrics, such as hiring practices and salary disparities. Failure to comply can result in fines between €1,000 and €5,000.

2.Gender Equality Certificate: Companies demonstrating a commitment to gender equality can obtain a certificate that grants them tax benefits. This includes measures for equal pay, career advancement, and maternity protection.

3.Violence Prevention Measures: Italy has implemented laws that provide protections for victims of violence, including paid leave. However, there are calls for further action to improve support services and funding for victims.

4.Istanbul Convention Compliance: As a signatory to this convention, Italy is urged to enhance its protections against gender-based violence, focusing on better resources and coordination among local authorities.

harassment on social media. Plus, the Police, Crime, Sentencing, and Courts Act added tougher punishments for crimes against women.

harassment and economic abuse. The US also created a National Plan to End Gender-Based

Violence, with help from places like the Department of Labor, to improve work safety and rights for

women in risky environments.

Italy has several national laws and international conventions to protect women from harmful practices, including gender-based discrimination and violence. Victims of violence against women in Italy have legal access to protection measures, including removing the perpetrator from the family home. The law provides that foreign-born victims of domestic violence in Italy can request a residence permit even if they do not have a valid permit to stay.

Domestic Abuse Act 2021: First introduced in 2021, this law now includes new rules that make it illegal to use controlling behaviors and other forms of abuse in close relationships. It expands what counts as "domestic abuse" to cover not only physical harm but also emotional and financial control. The law aims to better protect survivors by offering safe housing options and stronger legal protections, helping them find more support and a secure path forward.

Online Safety Act 2023: This law aims to protect people from harmful content online, especially content that targets women. It makes online platforms more responsible for removing offensive and abusive behavior, including harassment based on gender. This helps create a safer online environment by holding platforms accountable for what they allow users to post.

Law 66/1996 (Law on Sexual Violence): This law was a big step for Italy in tackling sexual violence. It clearly defines what sexual violence is and sets punishments for those who commit such acts. A crucial part of this law is that it emphasizes the importance of consent, which means that any sexual activity must be agreed upon by both parties. This law aims to provide better protection for victims of sexual assault and helps ensure they have the support they need​.

Law 38/2009 (Provisions on Trafficking in Human Beings): This law focuses on human trafficking, especially for sexual exploitation. It includes measures to protect victims, offering them assistance and support. The goal is to help women who have been trafficked reintegrate into society and regain control of their lives. This is really important because it recognizes the serious impact of trafficking and aims to provide a pathway for recovery​.

Codice Rosso: This law aims to improve how authorities respond to cases of domestic violence and stalking. It requires law enforcement to act quickly when they receive reports of domestic violence, ensuring that victims get the protection they need without delay. The law also imposes harsher penalties on offenders, which helps to deter future violence and keep victims safer​.

Law 108/2021: This law enhances protections for victims of domestic violence and stalking even further. It includes measures to help victims access legal and psychological support and provides housing solutions for those in need. This is really vital because having a safe place to stay can make a huge difference for someone trying to escape an abusive situation​.

Anti-Discrimination Laws: Italy has laws to prevent gender discrimination in the workplace, such as Legge 903/1977. This law prohibits discrimination in hiring and promotions based on gender, aiming to ensure that women have equal opportunities and treatment in their jobs. This is crucial for achieving gender equality and empowering women in the workforce​.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) improves women’s access to healthcare services, including reproductive health. The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 empowers individuals to challenge unequal pay by extending the time frame for filing lawsuits. Collectively, these laws create a framework aimed at promoting gender equality and safeguarding women’s rights across various areas of life.

• Established in 1994 and reauthorized several times since, VAWA is a landmark federal law that provides funding and support for various programs focused on preventing violence against women. It aids in the investigation and prosecution of violent crimes against women and imposes automatic and mandatory restitution on those convicted. VAWA includes funding for shelters, legal aid, and crisis centers.

• Protections: VAWA covers domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. It also provides provisions for immigrant women, including U visas for victims who cooperate in investigations.

She was president’s Roosevelt wife and an important woman in the human rights field. She was an activist  and one of the first  First Lady to talk about civil rights, poverty and women emancipation, She publicly opposed to racial discrimination against african americans and tried to improve their daily lives conditions, for example she invited the black singer Marian Anderson to sing in front of the Lincoln Memorial after a stage in Washington denied her the space for a concert because of her skin color. She also  took part in the writing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, becoming an important member of the commission.