https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb Review for the Test en-us 2022-01-25 16:25:08 UTC 2024-12-20 18:09:01 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9ec.png francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2011628899 2022-01-25 16:31:13 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2011628899 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2011636774 Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid ]]> 2022-01-25 16:34:12 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2011636774 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2011643779 1. Phosphate Group 
2. Sugar = Deoxyribose 5 Carbon Sugar 
3. 1 of 4 Nitrogen Bases]]> 2022-01-25 16:36:49 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2011643779 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012312034 2022-01-25 22:09:46 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012312034 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012315621 Chargoff discovered the complementary base rule. Adenine and Thymine always pair together and are equal to one another. Cytosine and Guanine always pair together and are also equal to one another. ]]> 2022-01-25 22:13:19 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012315621 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012316467 2022-01-25 22:14:08 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012316467 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012323207 Produced photo 51. Never credited for her efforts before she died. Maurice Wilkins stole Photo 51, and showed it to James Watson and Francis Crick. They were then created for the 'discovery' of the structure of DNA, the double helix. ]]> 2022-01-25 22:20:40 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012323207 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012324930 2022-01-25 22:22:35 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012324930 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012325739 2022-01-25 22:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012325739 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012326433 Phosphate and Deoxyribose sugar ]]> 2022-01-25 22:24:11 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012326433 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012327199 Base pair with double hydrogen bond or triple hydrogen bond.
Anti-parallel ]]> 2022-01-25 22:25:03 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012327199 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012328548 Hydrogen bonds are between the bases. 
Covalent bonds are between sugars and phosphates. ]]> 2022-01-25 22:26:29 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012328548 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012331070 small piece of DNA that codes for one protein (trait: hair color, freckles, etc.) ]]> 2022-01-25 22:29:02 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012331070 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012333349 2022-01-25 22:31:23 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012333349 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012333840 Making an exact copy of DNA]]> 2022-01-25 22:31:55 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012333840 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012334598 Chromosomes: DNA coiled up
Chromatin: Long, thin DNA]]> 2022-01-25 22:32:42 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012334598 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012336352

Anytime you need a new cell (cells divide) 

Growing

Fix cuts & bruises

Replace old or worn out cells (skin cells)

Broken Bones

]]> 2022-01-25 22:34:25 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012336352 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012339827 Helicase: Unwinds & Unzips DNA

RNA Primase: Makes RNA primer (starter)

DNA Polymerase: builder, match maker, proof reader, gets rid of primer

Ligase: Glue 

]]> 2022-01-25 22:37:18 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012339827 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012340453 2022-01-25 22:37:55 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012340453 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012341203 2022-01-25 22:38:43 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012341203 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012350819 Two Strands: Leading & Lagging

Leading : Continuous, orderly
1. Helicase unwinds and unzips,
2. RNA Primase makes tiny amount of primer for polymerase
3. DNA Polymerase acts as a matchmaker, pairs nucleotides together.

Lagging: Discontinuous, messy 
1. Helicase unwinds and unzips, 
2. RNA primase lays down tiny amount of primer 
3. DNA Polymerase lays down new nucleotides opposite direction of helicase (5' 3') 
4. Forms Okazaki Fragments 
5. Ligase glues fragments together. ]]> 2022-01-25 22:48:57 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012350819 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012351693 2022-01-25 22:49:55 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012351693 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012352578 Process where amino acids arrange to make proteins. ]]> 2022-01-25 22:51:02 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012352578 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012354308 1. DNA : Deoxyribose Nucleuic Acid

2. RNA : Ribo Nucleuic Acid ]]> 2022-01-25 22:53:05 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012354308 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012358151 It can go in and out of nucleus 

]]> 2022-01-25 22:57:23 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012358151 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012360442 1. mRNA: messanger RNA, photo copy of DNA

2. tRNA: transfer RNA, clover shaped, carries specific amino acid to ribosomes, impt. when making proteins. 

3. rRNA: ribosomal RNA makes a ribosome

]]> 2022-01-25 23:00:00 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012360442 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012365740 2022-01-25 23:06:43 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012365740 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012370276 Transcription: "to write across" --> rewrite

- in nucleus
- making mRNA

1. Helicase: unwinds and unzips segment of DNA

2. RNA Polymerase: makes sure the RNA nucleotides are paired up correctly

3. mRNa detaches: leaves the nucleus


Translation: "change in language"
@ the ribosome, 2ND

1. mRNA slides through ribosome

2. Ribosome "reads" mRNA looking for start codon (AUG)

3. tRNA brings correct amino acid

4. tRNA brings next amino acid to form peptide bond (tough)

5. Continues until ribosome reads stop codon. (UAA, UAG, UGA)

]]> 2022-01-25 23:12:14 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012370276 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012371566 permanent change in DNA caused by mutations (viruses, high temp, raditation, chemicals)]]> 2022-01-25 23:13:54 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012371566 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012372450 1. Silent Mutation: still codes for same amino acid. ]]> 2022-01-25 23:15:04 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012372450 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012373758 - Mutations in bacteria that allow them to become antibiotic resistant
- Mutation that allows humans to be able to digest dairy products, keeps lactase gene on. ]]> 2022-01-25 23:16:55 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012373758 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012375407 - Single based changes thick, sticky mucus builds up in lungs & digestive organs 
- Single base changes cause red blood cells to become misshapen]]> 2022-01-25 23:19:22 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012375407 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012377568 Cancer is often the result of a mutation in a gene controlling cell division rate.]]> 2022-01-25 23:21:35 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012377568 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012378721 2022-01-25 23:23:17 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012378721 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012382136 Which letter represents RNA primase? 
answer: D

Which letter represents DNA poymerase? 
answer: B

Why does DNA need to replicate? 
1. So cells can divide
2. each cell has a copy of DNA
3. replace old or damaged cells
4. to allow organisms to grow

Which enzyme replaces the RNA primers with DNA?
answer: DNA Polymerase ]]> 2022-01-25 23:27:55 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012382136 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012383629 One DNA molecule is made up of:  
Nucleotides, Phosphates, Nitrogen bases, Covalent Bonds, Sugars, Hydrogen Bonds ]]> 2022-01-25 23:29:53 UTC https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012383629 francescaliparoto25 https://padlet.com/francescaliparoto25/4htq68lz2m6knbrb/wish/2012385830 RNA is a larger molecule than DNA and therefore can fit through nuclear pores, which allows RNA to carry information out into the cytoplasm. 
answer: False 

Translate the template strand. 
answer: convert into amino acids

Put the following statements into the correct order to correctly represent the process of translation.
answer:
mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to a ribosome.
Amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNA.
tRNA anticodons base pair with the mRNA codons
Amino acids are joined together by a peptide bond to form a protein chain.



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