https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2 Sources: Lecture PowerPoint's by Dr. Nancy Glass en-us 2023-03-07 08:35:28 UTC 2023-03-07 15:54:56 UTC hello@padlet.com 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506535578 2 divisions: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic 

Sympathetic nervous system: "fight or flight", adrenergic 

Parasympathetic nervous system: "rest and digest", cholinergic

]]> 2023-03-07 08:39:55 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506535578 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506546761 Also referred to as adrenergic system.

4 neurotransmitters: epinephrine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and dopamine

Acetylcholine (Ach)- released from ganglia of presynaptic nerve endings, cholinergic 

Norepinephrine (NE)- derived from dopamine, released at postganglionic nerve-endings by adrenal medulla and neurons, adrenergic  

Epinephrine (EPI)- works with adrenergic receptors, made by adrenal medulla

Dopamine (DA)- released before norepinephrine, stimulates receptors (alpha and beta)

]]> 2023-03-07 08:50:17 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506546761 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506554494 alpha 1: smooth muscles, glands, eyes, and blood vessels

alpha 2: smooth muscle

beta 1: the heart

beta 2: smooth muscle, lungs, uterus, skeletal muscle arteries, and coronary arteries ]]> 2023-03-07 08:56:15 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506554494 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506572616 -Adrenal medulla releases EPI and NE
-Vasoconstriction of blood vessels
-Increased heart rate
-Decrease urination
-Urinary sphincter relaxed]]> 2023-03-07 09:12:08 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506572616 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506592361 2 general categories: sympathomimetics and sympatholytics 
Sympathomimetics- copy sympathetic nervous system 
Sympatholytics- inhibit sympathetic response

Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists: alpha 1 receptor stimulated causing contraction of smooth muscles, increase blood pressure

Adrenergic Agonists: all alpha and beta receptors involved, increases blood pressure, cardiac stimulant, bronchodilator 

Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs: blocks alpha-1 receptors, to decrease blood pressure and relax smooth muscle and ureters (increased urination)

Beta Adrenergic Agonists: 
low dose: dopaminergic receptors (kidney), vasodilation and higher blood flow

medium dose: beta-1 receptors, affects heart, increasing cardiac output and contraction 

high dose: alpha-1 receptors, causes vasoconstriction leading to higher blood pressure

Beta Adrenergic Agonists: beta-2 receptors, relates smooth muscle in lungs and uterus 

Selective Beta-1 Blockers: blocks beta-1 receptors, decreases heart rate, cardiac output, blood pressure, and force of contraction

Nonselective Beta-1 Receptors: blocks beta-1 and beta-2 receptors, lower cardiac output leading to decreased blood pressure, decreased heart rate, lower force of contraction ]]> 2023-03-07 09:28:55 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506592361 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506602944 Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists:
generic: ephedrine, phenlyephrine 
brand: Neo-Synephrine 

Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blockers:
generic: terazosin 
brand: Hytrin (R-trademark symbol)

Nonselective Beta Blockers: 
generic: timolol 
brand: Blocadren

]]> 2023-03-07 09:37:44 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2506602944 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507085181 Acetylcholine- cholinergic ("rest and digest") and located at ganglion and postganlionic nerve endings

]]> 2023-03-07 15:20:49 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507085181 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507099905 Muscanaric: cardiac, smooth muscles, and glands

Nicotinic 1 (Nn): at ganglia (synapse)

Nicotinic 2 (Nm): somatic, neuromuscular junction (skeletal) 



]]> 2023-03-07 15:29:42 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507099905 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507110100 -miosis
-bronchoconstriction 
-more digestion
-contracted urinary bladder
-more urination and waste removal (feces)
-lower heart rate]]> 2023-03-07 15:35:58 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507110100 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507127227 2 categories:
Parasympathomimetics: promotes parasympathetic response
Parasymphatolytics: against parasympathetic response, anticholinergic 

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: muscunaric receptors, acts like Ach for miosis

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Nm/N2 receptors, blocks acetylcholinerase 

Anticholinergic: inhibits/slows down processes, cholinergic receptors 







]]> 2023-03-07 15:46:11 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507127227 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507131420 -10th cranial nerve
-extends to larynx, pharynx, lungs, heart, blood vessels, and digestive organs
-slower heart rate, lower blood pressure, more active GI

]]> 2023-03-07 15:48:46 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507131420 6pk7qctvk8 https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507140160 Anticholinergic:
generic- dicylomine
brand- Bentyl (r-symbol)

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agents: 
generic- pilocarpine 
brand- Pilocar

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agents:
generic- neostigmine 
brand- Prostigmin ]]> 2023-03-07 15:54:02 UTC https://padlet.com/6pk7qctvk8/4aap3lhrt1mpqlf2/wish/2507140160