Chaper 2 Sections 1-2 by Brooke Hubert

Kalley G and Brooke H

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 13:47:21 UTC

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 13:49:40 UTC

Protons: have a positive charge, found in the nucleus.

Neutrons: have no charge, also found in the nucleus.

Electrons: have a negative charge, found outside of the nucleus in the electron cloud.

Atomic Number and Mass Number

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 13:56:48 UTC

Atomic Number: The number of protons in a nucleus of an atom of that element

Mass Number: The total amount of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus

Isotopes

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 13:56:50 UTC

Definition: atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons.

Some isotopes can be radioactive, which means the nuclei are unstable and break down over time.

Chemical Compounds and Chemical Bonds

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 14:04:51 UTC

Chemical Bonds: An attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain more than two atoms

Van der Walls

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 14:08:20 UTC

When molecules are close together, a slight attraction can develop between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 14:08:47 UTC

Chemical Compounds: A chemical substance that has two or more chemical elements.

Hydrogen Bonding

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 14:16:43 UTC

Hydrogen Bonding: The attraction interaction between Polar molecules

Polarity

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 14:19:22 UTC

The charges are unevenly distributed

(It's like a magnet with 2 poles)

Written in parenthesis (-) or (+) to show they're weaker than other charges.

Cohesion and Adhesion

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 14:21:44 UTC

Cohesion: Property of molecules that stick together

Adhesion: Dissimilar particles stick together

Solutions vs. Suspensions

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 14:27:29 UTC

Solution: components that are evenly distributed throughout the solution

solute: substance that is dissolved

solvent: substance in which the solute dissolved

Suspension: a mixture of water & non-dissolved material

Heat Capacity

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 14:27:52 UTC

Heat Capacity: Ratio of the heat added to an object to result the temperature change.

Buffers

17gronkal — 2014-09-09 14:32:00 UTC

Buffers: A weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH.

Acids and Bases

17hubebro — 2014-09-09 14:35:14 UTC

Acid: compound that forms H+ ions in a solution

Base: compound that produces hydroxide ions in solutions

pH scale: indicates the concentration of H+ ions in a solution