World History Padlet by Jordan Watkins _ Student - EastWakeHS

The Big Bang

jcwatkins — 2019-01-24 13:02:56 UTC

One theory as to how the universe formed.

Paleolithic Era

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:30:50 UTC

Early part of the stone age, stone tools were used

Anatomically Modern Humans

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:31:01 UTC

Homo sapiens, lived 300,000 years ago.

Bipedalism

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:31:11 UTC

A biped, moves one two feet.

Hunter-Gatherer

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:31:24 UTC

People who hunted and gathered food.

Culture

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:31:35 UTC

artistic achievements of a nation

Fertile Crescent

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:31:45 UTC

an area of fertile land that extends around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East.

Nomad

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:31:56 UTC

When people traveled from one place to another, not staying in one place.

Innovation

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:32:16 UTC

A new idea.

Neolithic Revolution

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 01:32:33 UTC

The transition, during the neolithic era, from hunting and gathering to settling and using agriculture.

Agriculture

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:45:48 UTC

the practice of farming which can look like rearing animals and planting seeds for crops and wool.

Trade

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:48:26 UTC

When you buy and sell things and services.

City-State

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:50:53 UTC

It's a city that was run the way states, or countries, are run now.

Dynasty

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:51:56 UTC

When the leadership of a country is passed down from one person in a family to another.

Polytheism

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:53:12 UTC

Having multiple gods.

Monotheism

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:53:42 UTC

Serving one God

Code of Hammurabi

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:54:02 UTC

Enacted by King Hammurabi, it is a code of law from Mesopotamia.

Civilization

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:55:46 UTC

Most advanced stage of human social and cultural development.

Theocracy

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:57:51 UTC

Government where priests rule in their gods'/ God's name

Social Hierarchy

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 02:59:13 UTC

society groups/ placement is dependent upon power, money, or social status.

Papyrus

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 03:00:50 UTC

Material from Ancient Egypt used for writing or painting

Chariot

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 03:02:55 UTC

Two-wheeled horse drawn vehicle that was used during ancient warfare and racing.

Scholar

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 03:04:04 UTC

A specialist in a certain area of study, or topic.

Mandate of heaven

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 03:05:24 UTC

A Chinese philosophical idea in which you had the blessing of the gods when you ruled well. This justified an overthrow.

Feudalism

jcwatkins — 2019-01-25 03:08:06 UTC

A system in which people of higher rank gave people land and protection, and in return you fought and worked for them.

Arable land

jcwatkins — 2019-02-05 22:04:51 UTC

Land that is farm able

Colony

jcwatkins — 2019-02-05 22:58:59 UTC

A country controlled by another country, the controlling country is usually foreign and far away.

Aristocracy

jcwatkins — 2019-02-05 22:59:05 UTC

The top 1 percent of people in certain societies, especially people holding hereditary titles, the upper crust.

Oligarchy

jcwatkins — 2019-02-05 22:59:45 UTC

a small group of people who have control over a country, organization, etc.

monarchy

jcwatkins — 2019-02-05 23:10:49 UTC

kingship; a form of government

Direct democracy

jcwatkins — 2019-02-11 01:13:20 UTC

Where the people rule and have the final say. Especially the rule of the majority.

Delian League

jcwatkins — 2019-02-11 01:16:03 UTC

The league formed by the Greek City states after the Persian war. This quickly turned into the Athenian Empire. The Spartans refused to join the Delian League.

Hoplite Phalanx

jcwatkins — 2019-02-11 01:18:56 UTC

The most powerful fighting force in the ancient world. This set up worked because it was a direct democracy and they trusted each other.

Superpower

jcwatkins — 2019-02-11 21:18:11 UTC

An international power that's able to enable it's will in even the most powerful states.

Assassin

jcwatkins — 2019-02-11 21:46:33 UTC

Someone who commits murder.

Mercenary

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:20:17 UTC

A soldier, specifically from the Roman army, who worked for money, not for patriotism.

Inflation

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:22:27 UTC

When the demand of a product is high, but the supply is low, so the price is raised.

Pax Romana

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:26:18 UTC

Roman peace during the Roman Republic and Empire.

Empire

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:29:12 UTC

A major political unit that has a large group of people under one ruler.

Climate Change

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:29:22 UTC

When the Earth's weather patterns change.

Sack

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:32:45 UTC

When you conquer someone and strip them of their valuables (like treasure).

Lingua Franca

jcwatkins — 2019-02-15 05:32:58 UTC

When a thing resembles or sounds like a common language.

Middle Ages

jcwatkins — 2019-02-20 12:57:01 UTC

A period in European history from around a.d 500 to 1500.

Pope

jcwatkins — 2019-02-20 13:00:18 UTC

A bishop of Rome and heads the Roman Catholic Church.

Charlemagne

jcwatkins — 2019-02-20 13:02:18 UTC

Also known as Charles the great, was the Frankish King from 768 to 814.

Vikings

jcwatkins — 2019-02-20 13:09:21 UTC

Norsemen who plundered the coasts of Europe in the 8th to 10th century. Mostly played a role in feudalism.

prestige

jcwatkins — 2019-02-20 13:13:04 UTC

When you hold a commanding position in other's minds.

Feudalism

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 21:06:30 UTC

when the kings would give land to nobility in return for military service(protection from Vikings.)

Nobles

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 21:16:14 UTC

Someone who was born to a good family of high rank, or has a place of high rank.

Serf

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 21:29:01 UTC

Someone bound to the land, who works only for the landowner. Not a slave.

Manor System

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 21:30:37 UTC

The political, economic, and social, system in which serfs were tied to the land, worked for the landowner, and lived on manors(a land used to produce all of Europe's goods).

Knight

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 21:53:39 UTC

A person who was armed and served their feudal superior(i.e. noble) during the Middle Ages.

Castle

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 21:58:28 UTC

A big building used for safety and retreat during times of trouble or invasion.

Siege

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 22:00:21 UTC

To attack with military. This could also be a persistent illness.

Catholicism

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 22:48:13 UTC

This is defined as Catholic Christianity, which heavily influenced Medieval Europe and the social, and economic system.

Muhammad

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 22:53:00 UTC

570- 632 Founder of Islam, and prophet.

Koran

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 22:59:13 UTC

Book of sacred writings accepted by Muslims. They are the revelations of the Angel Gabriel, according to Muhammad.

Sharia Law

jcwatkins — 2019-02-26 23:01:52 UTC

The Sharia law formed partly from Islamic holy scriptures, and a major part of Islamic tradition.

Jihad

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 13:00:55 UTC

Defined as a holy war.

Sect

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 13:02:03 UTC

Section or division. People who chose a different religion than the people who they belong to did.

Moveable Type

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 13:30:16 UTC

Movable pieces being used for printing and typography. This is a technology.

Gunpowder

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 13:35:41 UTC

Burns quickly and the Ottomans used gunpowder.

Bureaucracy

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 13:45:02 UTC

A group of people who make policies.

Pastoralism

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 23:18:27 UTC

People of shepherds and herdsmen. These are what the Mongols were.

Mongols

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 23:26:22 UTC

Nomadic peoples who lived on the Asian Steppe and were pastoralists.

Asian Steppe

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 23:31:11 UTC

A large area of grasslands that the Mongols depended on for their horses.

Clan

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 23:34:12 UTC

A group of people who are related to one common ancestor, or share common interests.

Genghis khan

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 23:40:13 UTC

Mongol leader who successfully united the clans, and was a war genius. Overthrows Medieval China.

Greek Fire

jcwatkins — 2019-02-27 23:44:22 UTC

Technology used by the Eastern Europe that protected them from barbarians. Similar to "Medieval napalm."

Hit and Run Tactics

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 13:33:50 UTC

A fighting combat when you fight(shoot, etc.) and run, and this is repeated. The Mongols used hit and run tactics to win wars, and used their bow and arrows as weapons.

Terrorism

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 13:48:57 UTC

Terrorism is an unfair attack on a civilian group.

Silk Road

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 22:04:08 UTC

A trade route that connected China to Europe. If you were located where the Silk Road was, like China, you could be very rich since you'd have control over it.

Constantinople

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 22:07:34 UTC

Modern day Istanbul, was founded by Emperor Constantine in 330.

Diplomacy

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 22:15:35 UTC

Overseeing international relations. Done by Eastern Roman Empire, along with gold, to avoid being taken over.

Justinian’s Code

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 22:22:59 UTC

Becomes the codified law of Eastern Roman empire, after Justinian a king rewrites the Twelve Tables.

Theme System

jcwatkins — 2019-02-28 22:26:59 UTC

Small land owners are given leased land in order to be called during times of war.

Great Schism

jcwatkins — 2019-03-02 03:31:09 UTC

The separation of the Roman Catholic Church in 1054 happens because of who should rule the church and have power: pope or king/ruler. This produces the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Bubonic Plague

jcwatkins — 2019-03-02 03:38:44 UTC

A plague caused by bacteria. This is important during the late Middle Ages of Europe as the bubonic plague hit in 1347. The people of lower status were most vulnerable.

Janissaries

jcwatkins — 2019-03-02 03:49:30 UTC

30,000 Christian boy slaves who were trained to attack and helped the Ottomans conquer lands.

Coup

jcwatkins — 2019-03-02 03:52:38 UTC

A seizure of the power of a government that's illegal.

Catholic Church

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 02:13:19 UTC

A group of baptized Christians under the Head authority of Christ. Guided by a pope ( who were important and influential in Medieval/ Middle Ages Europe). Largest Christian Church.

Simony

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 15:11:50 UTC

When an ecclesiastical privilege is bought or sold. Ecclesiastical privilege is the privilege a person gets from the Law because they serve as a clergy, etc.

Tithe

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 15:22:43 UTC

A 10% of the earnings given to the Church made by every Catholic family. It is still made by Christians today, and was important to the Pope and Catholic families as that time.

Pope Urban II

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 21:43:03 UTC

Pope who called for the first Crusades. This is because the Muslims invaded the Holy Land.

Saladin

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 21:47:51 UTC

Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He was important during the crusades because he reconquered the Holy Land from the Christians (Catholics).

Reconquista

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 21:54:24 UTC

Multiple Military campaigns in which Christian army retook control of Iberian Peninsula during the 8th century and had it's climax during the fall of Granada.

Spanish Inquisition

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:18:21 UTC

The court from the Easter Orthodox Church responsible for torturing, imprisoning, and killing Jews and Muslims.

Renaissance

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:21:58 UTC

A period of rebirth. This happened for the Europeans during the growth of Europe. This rebirth includes classical art, architecture, learning and literature.

University

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:26:31 UTC

A place to get a higher education. This is important during the "Revival of Learning of the 1100s".

Vernacular

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:29:33 UTC

The everyday language spoken by average people. This is important during the 1100s and caused widespread literacy.

Three Field System

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:41:34 UTC

Also known as crop rotation. This means when you plant different crops to increase or keep the fertility of your farming land.

Guilds

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:43:15 UTC

The guilds set standards and a guide for the quality of work, wages, and working conditions.

Commercial Revolution

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:48:15 UTC

When people stopped depending on the Manors, and instead specialized in goods, and traded them. This is important since people finally became self sufficient and specialized in services.

Agricultural Revolution

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 22:54:53 UTC

Innovations in agriculture are made. This included Europe using horses and the Three-field System. Also when the peoples of The Middle East switched from Hunting and Gathering to settling onto farm-land.

Biological Warfare

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 23:05:49 UTC

The Mongols used this warfare to kill the Europeans with the Black Plague. This means using toxins of biological origin or microorganisms as weapons in a battle.

Flagellants

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 23:12:38 UTC

People who walked around beating themselves, from town to town, trying to repent. This was because they thought the Black Plague was punishment.

Longbow

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 23:14:51 UTC

A key technology developed that was 6 feet long, and made from yew. Used by the English, was significant since it caused Medieval warfare to change for the first time in 1,000 years.

Joan of Arc

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 23:20:10 UTC

A peasant girl that claimed to have visions and hear a voice of the saints. She's important as she causes the French king, Charles VII,

to gain power.

Nationalism

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 23:28:38 UTC

Pride in one's nation

Printing Press

jcwatkins — 2019-03-04 23:32:42 UTC

Innovation used by the Europeans to print onto paper.

Humanism

jcwatkins — 2019-03-05 01:30:45 UTC

This is when art and literary focus was on humans, and not so much religion, as before. Result of the Italian Wars, founded by Petrarch.

Niccolo Machiavelli

jcwatkins — 2019-03-06 20:27:06 UTC

A person who wrote the book "The Prince" which gives guidance on how a ruler should rule

Indulgences

jcwatkins — 2019-03-06 20:39:04 UTC

Papers that were sold by the church so that people could save the people they love from purgatory. This is mainly a failure of the Catholic Church and let to the Protestant Reformation, as well.

Protestant Reformation

jcwatkins — 2019-03-06 20:43:44 UTC

The event that took place during the 16th century and is defined as: when there was a direct rejection of some of the Catholic Church's doctrines, and practices, and Protestant Churches start to emerge.

Predestination

jcwatkins — 2019-03-06 20:45:33 UTC

God knows who will be saved, and this is determined at birth. This belief came from John Calvin (Switz).

Council of Trent

jcwatkins — 2019-03-06 20:54:16 UTC

The Council of Trent's goal was to provide reform of the Catholic Church to remove the abuses of the Catholic Church, and to clearly specify the doctrines of the Catholic Church.

Colony

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 19:47:18 UTC

A group of people who leave their native country to go to a new land. This is either under the parent nation's control or connecting with them.

Bartolomeu Dias

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 19:49:40 UTC

A discoverer who found another a new way to EasterAfrica and Asia. This way, Portugal made their colonies there, in 1488.

Treaty of Tordesillas

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 19:52:09 UTC

A treaty Pope Alexander VI made between Portugal and Spain that split the New World and Asia to each country. Only limitation is that it was for Catholic countries only.

Columbian Exchange

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 19:54:51 UTC

This is the exchange of goods, livestock, and disease between Europe, Asia, Africa, and the New World.

Tribute

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 19:56:07 UTC

A price paid by a nation or ruler to another to acknowledge submission or to pay the price of protection.

Hernan Cortes

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 20:00:53 UTC

A Spanish conquerer who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico in 1519.

Totems

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 20:04:03 UTC

A totem is an item like a plant or animal used to represent a clan or family.

Seven Years War

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 20:25:33 UTC

The war in which England and Prussia defeat France, Austria, Russia, Saxony, and Sweden. This takes place from 1756 to 1763.

Mercantilism

jcwatkins — 2019-03-13 20:38:49 UTC

When people believe that there's a benefit in trade that brings profit.

Triangular Trade

jcwatkins — 2019-03-14 11:51:12 UTC

The trade process in the 18th and 19th centuries. This includes Britain shipping goods to Africa, Africa giving them slaves, and the slaves going to the West Indies which were then exchanged for the goods that were giving to the British people.

Tsetse Fly

jcwatkins — 2019-03-14 11:59:49 UTC

An African bloodsucking fly that causes sleeping sickness and nagana. It bites mammals.

Ghana

jcwatkins — 2019-03-14 12:03:58 UTC

Ghana was a colony of Britain, called the Gold Coast.

Animism

jcwatkins — 2019-03-17 00:59:26 UTC

The belief that everything has a soul.

Mansa Musa

jcwatkins — 2019-03-17 01:55:41 UTC

A sultan of the West African Islamic Mali Empire. He was one of the richest men of all time. He and his empire were in control of gold trade.

The Middle Passage

jcwatkins — 2019-03-17 02:36:16 UTC

When Africans were forced to cross the Atlantic Ocean to the Americans to become slaves.The Middle Passage was the completion of the 'Triangular Trade'.

The Edict of Nantes

jcwatkins — 2019-03-27 19:30:29 UTC

The Edict of Nantes gives the religious minorities of France the right to practice their religions and build houses to worship in without getting attacked or being discriminated against.

Dynasty

jcwatkins — 2019-03-27 19:46:09 UTC

A dynasty is when a ruler's position is passed on from person to person.

Louis XIV

jcwatkins — 2019-03-27 19:48:31 UTC

Louis XIV was the king of France (1643-1715). He is known for creating the Edict of Fontainebleau, expanding French influence, and using mercantilism (ie: tarrifs). He also supported art, and is known as the "Sun King".

Divine Right

jcwatkins — 2019-03-27 19:54:04 UTC

This is when a monarch believed God had chosen him/her to rule. This is also when a monarch said that they were only accountable to God (which also caused a lack of checks and balances).

Mercantilism

jcwatkins — 2019-03-29 19:50:38 UTC

This is when people believe that there's a benefit in trade that brings profit. This usually includes a mother country benefiting from the things of a colony.

Subsidies

jcwatkins — 2019-03-29 19:55:15 UTC

These are a grant or a loan of money. The government often uses this to bring down the price of goods.

Tariffs

jcwatkins — 2019-03-29 19:56:46 UTC

A special tax put on foreign goods.

Bourgeoisie

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 11:48:20 UTC

Bourgeoisie were educated people who were mostly merchants, and became rich because of oversea colonization.

Edict of Fontainebleau

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 11:55:00 UTC

The Edict of Fontainebleau made it to where Catholicism was the only religion allowed- this threatened the minority religions. The Edict of Fontainbleau reversed the Edict of Nantes.

Absolutism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 12:00:01 UTC

Absolutism is when one ruler has all the power

Enlightenment

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 12:02:33 UTC

The Enlightenment was when many beliefs were overturned with the ideas of philosophers. This caused a humanitarian revolution.

Philosopher

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 12:06:33 UTC

A person who comes up with life's rules based off of wisdom. The Philosophers of the Enlightenment include John Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu.

Sovereign

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 12:10:13 UTC

Sovereign means a supreme ruler.

Social Contract

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 12:14:03 UTC

A social contract can be said or unsaid, but defines the rights and obligations that a ruler has to their people

Constitution

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 19:39:41 UTC

Constitutions are a document stating the laws of a nation, and clearly defines the rights of the people and the duties of a government.

State of Nature

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 20:45:28 UTC

The state of man before the introduction of civilization.

Separation of Powers

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 20:45:39 UTC

Mostly theorized by Baron de Montesquieu, is when the government is split up into 3 branches to avoid despotism. These three branches are the judicial, legislative, and executive.

Enlightened Despot

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 21:18:44 UTC

A form of government when an absolute monarch made reforms (i.e legal, educational, and social) based off of ideas of the Enlightenment. Examples would be Catherine II(the Great) and Joseph II.

Estates General

jcwatkins — 2019-04-04 21:24:21 UTC

The Estates General is the representative assembly of the 3 estates of France. The monarch of France (before the French Revolution) would have to talk to them before changing any taxes.

The French Revolution

jcwatkins — 2019-04-05 12:01:44 UTC

The French Revolution is when the third estate (led by the bourgeoisie) violently rebelled against the monarchy of France. This was from 1789-1799 and resulted in France becoming a republic.

The Reign of Terror

jcwatkins — 2019-04-05 12:04:42 UTC

Led by Maximilien Robespierre, was the murder of the royalists and any other enemies" of the French Revolution. This started September 1793 and ended in 1794 at the downfall of Robespierre.

The Guillotine

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:31:13 UTC

The Guillotine was a technology of the French Revolution used to behead royalists "in a humane way" by French rebels. King XVI was killed by angry rebels using a guillotine.

Declaration of Rights of Man

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:34:07 UTC

The Declaration of Rights of Man was similar to the Bill of rights, and guaranteed the rights of French citizens, especially those of the third estate. It is one of the results of the French Revolutions. It was based off of Enlightenment ideas.

Republic

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:36:50 UTC

The French, for a short time, had a republic. This is when the people vote on leaders to represent their ideas . This puts the power in the hands of the people.

Nationalism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:39:37 UTC

Pride in one's nation. This led to the downfall of Napoleon, and was a result of the success of drafting French people for the fight for the French Revolution war.

Coup d'etat

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:43:23 UTC

The violent overthrow of the current (at the time) government or ruler by a group.

Napoleonic Code

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:46:33 UTC

The set of laws enacted by Napoleon that put slavery back into French colonies and made it to where speech was limited.

Scorched-Earth Policy

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:50:23 UTC

When widespread destruction of property or resources is done because of a military policy with the goal of supremacy.

Napoleon Bonaparte

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 18:50:39 UTC

A self-enforced French dictator, controlled and united basically almost all of Europe until his defeat in 1815. The result of his rule is many foreign policies, and slavery in France.

Puppet State

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 19:17:48 UTC

A state that is "de jure" independent but completely dependent on another state. An example of this would be one of Napoleon's Puppet State Italy.

Congress of Vienna of 1815

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 19:23:07 UTC

The result of Napoleon's defeat, decided what Europe would look like after Napoleon was gone.

Toussaint Louverture

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 19:27:08 UTC

Leader of the Haiti Revolution, freed the Saint Dominique colony from French control (and slavery).

Slavery

jcwatkins — 2019-04-07 19:27:15 UTC

When a person is held as property, and, more recently in the New World, is treated with no rights, and doesn't usually gain freedom.

The Industrial Revolution

jcwatkins — 2019-04-11 12:20:57 UTC

The Industrial Revolution was a change in socioeconomic standards in the late 1700's that resulted in the mass production of goods in factories, rather than people creating things at home. The Industrial Revolution also helped largely with WW1.

The Agricultural Revolution

jcwatkins — 2019-04-25 01:01:40 UTC

The British Agricultural Revolution was when agrigultral expecttions were exceeded and with a larger population this led to the Industrial Revolution.

Adam Smith

jcwatkins — 2019-04-25 01:02:00 UTC

Adam Smith advocated private enterprise and free trade. He also wrote "The Wealth of Nations" and advocated capitalism which is ultimately what brought about the industrial revolution.

Karl Marx

jcwatkins — 2019-04-25 01:02:15 UTC

Karl Marx was the founder of modern communism.

Crop Rotation

jcwatkins — 2019-04-25 01:02:32 UTC

The agricultural technique where different crops would be planted in the same field. This maintained soil fertility.

Eugenics

jcwatkins — 2019-04-28 22:21:17 UTC

Eugenics was created during the Industrial Revolution. It is the study or practice of encouraging parents of a species to reproduce offspring only when they have favorable traits. This was used for animals.

Entrepreneurs

jcwatkins — 2019-04-28 22:21:33 UTC

The owner or manager of a business. During the Industrial Revolution banks would give loans to entrepreneurs.

4 factors of Production

jcwatkins — 2019-04-28 22:21:46 UTC

The four factors of production are land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. The Industrial Revolution used all of the 4 factors of Production.

Watt Engine

jcwatkins — 2019-04-28 23:48:28 UTC

The Watt Engine was created by James Watt. It was the first practical steam engine.It was used in many technologies later on, like when Robert Fulton built the first steam boat.

Factory

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 00:06:12 UTC

Building(s) where goods are made. The first factory opened in Rhode Island in 1789 and produced thread

Corporations

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 00:12:18 UTC

Corporations grew fast by the desire to become richer, as the poor stay poor. A corporations is a group or organization of people that legally must act in one.

Imperialism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 00:31:35 UTC

The extension of power, influence, and/or rule from one country to another as a policy or practice.

Self-Interest

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 00:43:52 UTC

The interest of one's advantages over the rest.

Competition

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 00:44:05 UTC

Competition will cause people strive more.

Free Trade

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:06:11 UTC

Free Trade is believed to be a good thing by Adam Smith.

Capitalism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:11:28 UTC

The economic system in which the factors of production are owned by private individuals. This was believed by Adam Smith.

Proletariat

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:15:13 UTC

Workers who make a living by selling their labor to others. Karl Marx calls them the have nots.

Communism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:20:32 UTC

Karl Marx's ideas of the rich and poor led to communism. Communism is the ownership of all property to everyone.

Labor Union

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:36:08 UTC

An organization of workers organized to protect it's members. It protects the workers based off of wages and working conditions.

Quinine

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:43:41 UTC

Quinine was a drug discovered in South America and helped cure Malaria. As a result Europeans entered Africa for the first time.

Berlin Conference of 1884

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 01:55:16 UTC

In the Scramble for Africa after quinine was discovered 90% of Africa was controlled by Europe so people decided who would control what in Africa. This took place in the Berlin Conference of 1884.

Scramble for Africa

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:18:04 UTC

From 1881-1914 the Scramble for Africa was when Europeans sought prestige and Africa's resources like wood, ivory, and diamonds.

Open Door Policy

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:22:01 UTC

This gave Europe and the United States of America unlimited access to China for trade since there was a high demand for Chinese Manufactured goods.

Opium War 1842

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:25:34 UTC

When the British Navy overwhelmed the Chinese Junk to gain the ability sell opium to China, cede Hong kong, and get favorable deals.

Nationalism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:35:06 UTC

Militant pride in one's nation.

Militarism

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:35:39 UTC

The practice of keeping one's military strong.

Balkans

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:41:57 UTC

As a result of nationalism, the Slavs wanted to created one Slavic state in the Balkans.

Tangled Alliances

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:42:05 UTC

The entire continent of Europe was in a war because of the troubling Allied and opposing sides of WW1.

Trench Warfare

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:42:12 UTC

Trench Warfare happened in France and life was horrible for the men involved. Trench warfare was a result of the stalemate.

Zimmerman Telegram

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:42:26 UTC

The Zimmerman Telegram was(along with a combination of any other instances) caused the US to join WW1 after Germany sent a telegram.

Treaty of Versailles

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:42:33 UTC

The treaty made by the Allied Forces forcing Germany to take the blame for WW1 and to pay up for the damages it caused.

League of Nations

jcwatkins — 2019-04-29 02:42:45 UTC

A world organization formed in 1920 and disbanded in 1946. It was created to secure world peace proposed by Woodrow Wilson.

Vladimir Lenin

jcwatkins — 2019-05-03 12:02:42 UTC

Vladimir Lenin is the creator of the Communist Party. He and the Communist Party took control over Russia after the Czar fell from power.

Mao Zedong

jcwatkins — 2019-05-03 12:29:01 UTC

Mao Zedong is the person who led the Chinese Communist Party with the goal to reunite the country.

Mahatma Gandhi

jcwatkins — 2019-05-03 12:38:32 UTC

Gandhi led a peaceful movement with the goal of Indian Independence from the British. Gandhi's peaceful strategy of fighting back cost Britain a lot of money, and eventually India gained independence in 1947.

The Great Depression

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 19:35:37 UTC

A period of economic decline, which led to decreasing employment, aggregate output, and dropped prices. This was because Europe could not pay back all of their debt.

Inflation

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 19:42:07 UTC

The increase in the price a consumer pays, or the decrease of purchasing power.

Fascism

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 19:42:14 UTC

Extreme militant nationalism; also limited speech and the individual is not considered before corporate decisions.

Tripartite Pact

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 19:50:10 UTC

When Nazi Germany allies Japan and Italy, this created the Tripartite Pact, which led to the Axis Party in WW2.

Appeasement

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 19:56:13 UTC

A policy that returned land to Germany piece by piece and led to WW2 being declared. It was "a total failure" ~ Mr. Hodges' notes.

Blitzkrieg

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 20:00:30 UTC

The method of warfare that caused Germany to conquer France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands in less than a year.

D-Day

jcwatkins — 2019-05-05 20:07:21 UTC

May 1944 the Allies launch an attack on France by infiltrating the Normandy beaches.

Island Hopping

jcwatkins — 2019-05-06 01:31:47 UTC

This is traveling the ocean from island to island before reaching a final destination instead of going directly to a location. The US did this during WW2 when they freed many islands in the Pacific.

Atom Bomb

jcwatkins — 2019-05-06 01:43:57 UTC

When the separation of atoms cause a bomb to go off. This was used in August 1945 when a US atomic bomb destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki, sadly.

The Holocaust

jcwatkins — 2019-05-06 01:47:45 UTC

The killing of 11 million Jews, gypsies, and handicapped by NAZI Germany at the command of Hitler. This was the first outcome of WW2.

Genocide

jcwatkins — 2019-05-06 01:49:32 UTC

A widespread systematic killing of people of a specific race, religion, or nation. The Holocaust was a genocide of Jews, gypsies, and the handicapped.

Concentration Camps

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 12:41:11 UTC

A place where lots of people are working or waiting for mass execution. Most often the people are mistreated and persecuted.

The Marshall Plan

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:24:16 UTC

When the US gave Europe 12 million dollars to rebuild after WW2. The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to save western Europe from communism and Soviet Russia.

The United Nations (UN)

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:24:25 UTC

The UN was an international created to solve the world's political problems after WW2.

UN Security Council

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:24:34 UTC

A part of the UN, the UN Security Control is composed of USA, China, Russia, France, and the UK.

Bretton Woods System

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:43:27 UTC

A system created so that the world's governments could COOPERATE, and discuss the economy. It even prevented another Great Depression.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:47:54 UTC

NATO (est. 1948) is an alliance between non-communist western Europe and USA. It's goal was to keep Germany and Russia under control. Something important is that they were required to help each other out if attacked.

Iron Curtain

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:52:52 UTC

The line of separation between western (democratic) Europe and communist eastern Europe, the Soviet Union.

Warsaw Pact

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 21:58:52 UTC

The treaty signed by the Soviets and several Eastern and Central states of Europe. The purpose of this treaty was to help provide maintenance for the Soviet military and a unified military for the Soviet and European powers stated above.

Policy of Containment

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 23:04:32 UTC

A strategy important in the Korean war. It had the purpose of containing communism.

Domino Theory

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 23:10:27 UTC

The theory by the US that once one place becomes communist, communism will spread to their neighbors. As a result the US will intervene in communist vs non-communist conflicts.

Nuclear Weapons

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 23:14:09 UTC

weapons made from, either, nuclear fission or fission/fusion reactions. Nuclear weapons were used during the 2nd half of the 20th century by the US.

Korean War

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 23:14:28 UTC

The Korean War was the result of North Korea invading South Korea with the goal of bring all of the peninsula to communism (per request of the USSR). In turn, China supports SK, and NK doesn't succeed.

Great Leap Forward

jcwatkins — 2019-05-07 23:26:40 UTC

Led by Mao Zedong, this was when China industrialized greatly with new public-made factories, and more electricity, coal, and steel, and in turn many died because people had the choice to only produce for themselves since the farms were owned by everyone.

The Bay of Pigs

jcwatkins — 2019-05-08 22:29:41 UTC

This was the events that happened before the Cuban Missile Crisis. The CIA sent anti-Castro exiles to Cuba but they were killed by Castro's soldiers because the US didn't provide the promised air support. This happens in 1960.

The Cuban Missile Crisis

jcwatkins — 2019-05-08 22:43:51 UTC

The negotiation that said Russia would remove their nuclear weapons from Cuba, and the US would remove their nuclear missiles from Turkey. This negotiation prevented a nuclear weapons war.

Ho Chi Minh

jcwatkins — 2019-05-08 23:01:43 UTC

Ho Chi Minh was a major building block of Vietnam independence- he asked Communist Russia for help to free them from France. In turn, this made part of VIetnam communist and the other part non-communist (because of the US's belief in domino theory).

The Gulf of Tonkin Incident

jcwatkins — 2019-05-09 00:05:20 UTC

In the Gulf of Tonkin there was a confrontation between the US Maddox and Vietnam torpedo boats. Vietnam is have said to have fired first. This incident convinced congress that war was needed.

Detente

jcwatkins — 2019-05-09 00:05:29 UTC

The relaxing of strained political relationships.

Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars Program)

jcwatkins — 2019-05-09 00:16:28 UTC

Created by Ronald Reagan, has the goal to protect the US from missiles, this cut all ties with communist countries.

Glasnost

jcwatkins — 2019-05-09 02:09:27 UTC

Created by Mikhail Gorbachev, a policy that allowed openness; allowed Russian citizens to criticize their government.

Perestroika

jcwatkins — 2019-05-09 02:12:30 UTC

Also enacted by Mikhail Gorbachev, this means economic reforms.

Democratization

jcwatkins — 2019-05-09 02:13:48 UTC

This was also enacted by Mikhail, when Russian citizens could vote for soviet legislative body members. This was a majorly important policy!

Francis Fukuyama

jcwatkins — 2019-05-14 12:28:42 UTC

An american political scientist, he wrote ¨The End of History¨ which predicted what the spread of communism, capitalism, and liberalism would bring.

Liberalism (International Relations)

jcwatkins — 2019-05-14 12:32:56 UTC

This is the combination of:
a. rejecting power politics as the only result or goal of international relations
b. accentuating mutual benefits and international cooperation
c. using international organizations and nongovernmental actors to shape state preferences and policy choices.

International Organizations

jcwatkins — 2019-05-14 12:41:38 UTC

Organizations that are either non-profit, or governmental organizations that are composed of sovereign states (like the UN). They communicates across nations, and effects all the included nations, in a negative or positive way.

Anarchy

jcwatkins — 2019-05-14 12:47:03 UTC

When the international system is without order.

Globalization

jcwatkins — 2019-05-14 22:19:09 UTC

When something is made available worldwide, or a company/organization makes their scope global.

Religious fundamentalism

jcwatkins — 2019-05-14 22:20:58 UTC

One of the things Fukuyama predicted that religious fundamentalism (belief that a person or group of religious figures are the absolute authority) would challenge the USA's post-cold war domination.

Resurgent nationalism

jcwatkins — 2019-05-19 21:23:00 UTC

When a nation wants to rise to take over (have sovereignty over) it's homeland. This is a social, political, and economic movement,

Legitimacy

jcwatkins — 2019-05-19 21:23:09 UTC

This is when a person or something has undisputed credibility, and is authentic.

9/11 Terrorist Attacks

jcwatkins — 2019-05-19 21:23:27 UTC

The 9/11 Terrorist Attacks were attacks by al-Qaeda (Islamic terrorist group) on the World Trade Center- which also attacked the legitimacy of the US.

Terrorism

jcwatkins — 2019-05-19 21:47:19 UTC

The use of combining radicalism and violence to achieve political goals. This usually puts civilians at risk.

Syrian Civil War

jcwatkins — 2019-05-19 21:50:22 UTC

The ongoing war between Assad supporters and rebels (including U.S backed rebels) that started in 2011. The "why" behind this war has become less about who is for or against Al-Assad, and more what the involved countries can gain from this Civil War-which harms more Syrians in the process as the war is dragged out.

Comparative Advantage

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 02:43:02 UTC

Developed by David Ricardo, the economic theory that compares an individuals, firms, or nations work process and quality. It helps weigh out investment opportunities, as well.

Standard of Living

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:16:31 UTC

The Standard of Living is the level of comfort and necessities of a socioeconomic class. This includes the economic factors like income, employment, and poverty rate (which will then affect those people in that class).

Sanctions

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:31:22 UTC

The restriction of trade between two countries.

Consumption

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:31:28 UTC

Renewable Energy

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:31:36 UTC

Renewable energy is energy resources that can't be exhausted by use.

Climate Change

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:31:42 UTC

The increase in greenhouse gases -caused by humans more recently- that causes extreme weather changes. These climate changes happen over a period of time (even decades).

Kyoto Protocol

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:31:50 UTC

Paris Climate Agreement

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:01 UTC

An agreement with almost global support that was created with the purpose to 1) reduce greenhouse gas emissions and 2) give "climate finance" which is an aid to developing countries.

Fossil Fuels

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:08 UTC

A type of nonrenewable resource that- at this moment- is recognized for the increase in (human caused) climate change.

Online Blackmail

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:16 UTC

Done by people online, is often used to get money or "favors" from others.

Cyber Bullying

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:26 UTC

Bullying online is used to humiliate others by persistent texting, over the internet, and other forms of electronic communication.

Whistleblowers

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:33 UTC

Whistleblowers reveal the wrongdoings of an organizations, and this can be used by those who need back up for claims or things like "wikileaks".

Hackers

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:40 UTC

A computer user who is really efficient in computer programming. It can also be used in a negative connotation as someone who uses those skills to (usually break past security systems, and) get information.

Social Media

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:50 UTC

A website or application where people can collectively share thoughts/ideas, photos, etc.

Stuxnet

jcwatkins — 2019-05-22 03:32:58 UTC

A successful virus created by the USA and Israel. The goal of stuxnet was to target Iran's nuclear weapon program.