Stalin's Russia by Ciaran Mac an Iascaire https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw en-us 2023-05-11 15:36:34 UTC 2023-06-14 11:23:02 UTC hello@padlet.com Quick Summary of main ideas cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593095200 2023-05-16 13:25:24 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593095200 Key facts and figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593095529 2023-05-16 13:25:36 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593095529 Relevant quotation cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593095778 'Without farmers there can be no strong national movement. This is what we mean when we say that the nationalist question, is actually, the farmers' question.' ~ Stalin ]]> 2023-05-16 13:25:47 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593095778 Link to relevant cartoon or video cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593096533 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLlp-LmXm3s]]> 2023-05-16 13:26:17 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593096533 Summary cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593106375 1 Stalin wanted the soviet union to have more efficient farms, agriculture needed to embrace modern technologies.

2 With an aim of transforming agriculture so that it produced a surplus, the concept of collectivisation was introduced

3 collectivisation saw the creation of 'collective farms'. These are, called kolkhozes, would replace smallholdings held by peasants with larger farms.

4 The idea was to have large fields in which crops can be sown, grown and harvested using modern machinery. farm workers would live and work together. 

5 richer farmers like the kulaks started to loose land and money so resisted fiercely- burning crops and killing livestock. these kulaks were either sent to work camps (gulags) or killed.

6. collectivisation can be generally seen as a disaster]]> 2023-05-16 13:31:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593106375 Key fact cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593107977 famine results- up to 7 million die and by 1939, 99% of Soviet farmland was collectivised, and 90% of all production went to the government.]]> 2023-05-16 13:32:05 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593107977 Summary cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113001 1 Photos were used to rewrite history and Stalin used them to rewrite history with party officials.  In one photograph, three of Stalin's deputies were snipped out until only Stalin remained.
2 Stalin's Show Trials were similar to other trials, except they had no rules of evidence and were published nationally and internationally.The most important idea is that anyone could be a traitor to the totalitarian state.
3 Workers were working in unsafe and dangerous conditions and had to be pressured to meet targets. 
4 Education was dominated by Marxist ideology.]]> 2023-05-16 13:34:53 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113001 Summary cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113320
1. The show trials were when Stalin embarked on a purge of the party, removing all those who dared to challenge his authority. in 1934 alone almost 1 million members were expelled from the communist party. following the assassination of a leading communist official the purges took on a more lethal form. the Cheka or the NKVD were the secret police that arrested all those suspected of being enemies of the state.
2. The trials were held against Stalin’s political enemies, such as the Trotskyists and those involved with the Right Opposition of the Communist Party. The trials were shams that led to the execution of most defendants.]]> 2023-05-16 13:35:06 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113320 Summary cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113426 the trial of 16 targeted 16 former prominent party members of the Bolshevik party and the trial of 17 targeted Trotsky supporters and for conspiring with Japan and German against the soviet union.]]> 2023-05-16 13:35:11 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113426 Summary cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113603 1: by the end of the show trials, almost all important living bolsheviks were arrested and executed
2: in total as many as 20 million people were either shot, killed or sent to forced labour camps
3: people now understood that traitors will be found guilty ]]> 2023-05-16 13:35:17 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593113603 Key Facts and Figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593114169 agricultural -> industrial 

 by 1940 the USSR moved from 5th to 2nd most industrialised nation behind the US.


]]> 2023-05-16 13:35:40 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593114169 Key Facts and Figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593114483 Young people were encouraged to join youth organisations, such as Little Octobrists, from the age of four.

The Soviet Union had one of the most organised state education systems in the world by the mid-1930s under Stalin.

Foreign observers were invited to attend show trials, but few left with the impression that they were fair and open.]]> 2023-05-16 13:35:52 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593114483 Key Facts and Figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593114828 Between 28,326,000 and 126,891,000 people were killed by the Communist Party of the soviet Union from 1917 to 1987.


 Historians estimate the total number of Gulag prisoners at 15-18 million, of whom at least 1.5 million did not survive their incarceration. 
https://gulag.online/articles/historie-gulagu?locale=en ]]> 2023-05-16 13:36:06 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593114828 Key Facts and Figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593115067 2023-05-16 13:36:16 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593115067 Key Facts and Figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593115314 On the trial of 16 the defendants were to learn their lines of on the night before the show trials confess the next day and were killed the following morning, Zinoviev and Kamenev  were torched and had their families threatened by the NKVD and they were responsible for helping Stalin retain  his position as a general secretary of the central committee.
on the trial of seventeen, 14 people were executed and 3 people were sent to labor camps ]]> 2023-05-16 13:36:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593115314 Key Facts and Figures cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593115576 2023-05-16 13:36:36 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593115576 Relevant Quotation cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593116551 2023-05-16 13:37:14 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593116551 Link to relevant cartoon or video cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593117910 2023-05-16 13:38:01 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593117910 Relevant Quotation cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593118806 2023-05-16 13:38:36 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593118806 Relevant Quotation cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593125049 "The Moscow Trials were not court proceedings in any recognizable sense. They were pure and simple propaganda exercises, in which the 'evidence' and the verdict were given to the court from on high, and the role of the judges was merely to underline the predetermined conclusion." - Robert Conquest]]> 2023-05-16 13:42:32 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593125049 Summary https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593125113 1 : Stalin establishes the NKVD to help him secure his control over the Soviet Union 

2 : Stalin used the NKVD in order to prosecute and imprison people ( mainly innocent people or those that posed a threat to him, in regards to power) .

3 : Stalins Gulags greatly yielded large amounts of coal , grains , ores etc (without the need to pay millions of prisoners).

4 : 

]]> 2023-05-16 13:42:35 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593125113 Political Cartoon or Video cfisherccl https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593126158 2023-05-16 13:43:13 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593126158 Summary https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593126614 1. First (1928-1932) -> focused on industry
   - targets were set for production of coal,    oil, steel, and electricity.
   - targets where unrealistic -> relied on slave labor -> from those imprisoned in gulags
   -achievements where dramatic -> electricity tripled & coal doubled. The industrial work force went from 11 million - 22 million.

2. Second -> Announced in 1933
   -maintain  increase in industry and focus on production of goods and transportation -> expansion of rail way.
   -projects such as - Moscows underground & canals & rail links between capital. remote regions of the USSR were built.
   - Near the end there was increased spending on millitary weapons in response to increase in international tensions

3. Third -> Set to run from 1938 and was interrupted by German invasion of soviet union in 1941.
   -focused on rearmament 
   -government spending on armaments rose -> 16%-33% (1937-1940)
- the rate of industrial expansion under the 5 year plans were tremendous - by 1940 the USSR moved from 5th to 2nd most industrialised nation behind the US.]]> 2023-05-16 13:43:31 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593126614 Relevant Quotes https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593135798 “It was as if the herald of death had appeared in our cell, and we had heard his message.”
Bodhan Kazanivs’kyi, survivor of 1941 prison massacres

"Dictators must have enemies. They must have internal enemies to justify their secret police and external enemies to justify their military police." Richard Perle
 
]]> 2023-05-16 13:49:29 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593135798 Quotes https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593140359 Alexey Stakhanov; "a hero of socialist labour"

"Under Stalin, the government controlled all education....school children learned virtues of the communist party"

"Education is a weapon whose effects depend on who holds it in his hands and at whom it is aimed." - Joseph Stalin

"The amount and detail of documentation on retouching is astounding," writes Plamper. "

]]> 2023-05-16 13:52:13 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593140359 Link to relevant cartoon https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593148642 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbth.com%2Fhistory%2F331031-how-foreign-propaganda-mocked-stalin&psig=AOvVaw002rTiHHHWrCQYKoLgJEaD&ust=1684331995544000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA4QjRxqFwoTCNjgv-v_-f4CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE   



]]> 2023-05-16 13:57:22 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593148642 Cartoon / Video https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593149067  ]]> 2023-05-16 13:57:36 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593149067 https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593160688 2023-05-16 14:04:51 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593160688 link to relevant cartoon or video https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593163230 2023-05-16 14:06:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593163230 Relevant Quotes https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593164971 'enemies of the state']]> 2023-05-16 14:07:36 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593164971 relevant quotations https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593166799 Andrey Vyshinsky Former Procurator General of the Soviet Union said "Shoot them like mad dogs "]]> 2023-05-16 14:08:47 UTC https://padlet.com/cfisherccl/429t5kj17jy4y5lw/wish/2593166799