Podcast and Artifacts: Natalie Kezar by

References

nataliekezar — 2025-07-16 19:04:22 UTC

Ahad, A., Gonzalez, M., & Junquera, P. (2023). Understanding and addressing mental health stigma across cultures for improving psychiatric care: A narrative review. Cureus, 15(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39549

Chukwuma, O. V., Ezeani, E. I., Fatoye, E. O., Benjamin, J., Okobi, O. E., Nwume, C. G., & Egberuare, E. N. (2024). A systematic review of the effect of stigmatization on psychiatric illness outcomes. Cureus, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.62642

Mental health stigmas explained. (2020, June 29). Www.youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXYP3kdWSEw

x x. (2021, August 13). Mental health - end the stigma. Pinterest. https://ca.pinterest.com/pin/381961612157050756/

References

nataliekezar — 2025-07-16 19:05:53 UTC

Rafii, F., Nasrabadi, A., & Tehrani, F. (2021). How nurses apply patterns of knowing in clinical practice: A grounded theory study. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 31(1), 139–146. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v31i1.16

Swift, A., & Twycross, A. (2020). Using ways of knowing in nursing to develop educational strategies that support knowledge mobilization. Paediatric and Neonatal Pain, 2(4), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12037

References

nataliekezar — 2025-07-16 19:05:56 UTC

Anbalagan, S., Mendez, M. D., & Falkowitz, D. M. (2024, April 1). Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551498/

Group, N. (2017). Treating neonatal abstinence syndrome. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkI59skjn88

Lee, K. G. (2016). Neonatal abstinence syndrome: MedlinePlus medical encyclopedia. Medlineplus.gov. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007313.htm

Oei, J. L., Blythe, S., Dicair, L., Didden, D., Preisz, A., & Lantos, J. (2022). What’s in a name? The ethical implications and opportunities in diagnosing an infant with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Addiction, 118(1), 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16022

References

nataliekezar — 2025-07-16 19:07:01 UTC

Bagus Prakoso. (2025). Continuous one line drawing of a happy family. mother, father and baby. vector illustration. Vecteezy. https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/24053897-continuous-one-line-drawing-of-a-happy-family-mother-father-and-baby-vector-illustration

Hosking, T., Cassidy, S., & Louie. (2025). Impact of paternal breastfeeding interventions on exclusive breastfeeding rates and attitudes of fathers towards breastfeeding: A systematic review. Current Nutrition Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00603-2

Scottish Government. (2023, February 28). Parent club: How dads and partners can be more involved in breastfeeding. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N3xZbgfARYk

Zhou, S., Lu, J., Qin, A., Wang, Y., Gao, W., Li, H., & Rao, L. (2024). The role of paternal support in breastfeeding outcomes: A meta-analytic review. International Breastfeeding Journal, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-024-00694-1

References

nataliekezar — 2025-07-16 19:07:05 UTC

Emmamally, W., Erlingsson, C., & Brysiewicz, P. (2022). In-hospital interventions to promote relational practice with families in acute care settings: A scoping review. Health SA Gesondheid, 27. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1694

Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2021). Be curious: Advancing the nursing profession through clinical inquiry. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxYE_t-uy2k

Younas, A. (2020). Relational inquiry approach for developing deeper awareness of patient suffering. Nursing Ethics, 27(4), 096973302091252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020912523

Artifact 1: Art Gallery Project

nataliekezar — 2025-07-17 00:33:25 UTC

I created this piece to reflect my most impactful placement day on the labour and delivery unit, where I witnessed both a vaginal birth and a C-section. I helped analyze the placenta after each, observing its size, completeness, and abnormalities. The nurse I worked with showed me the three-vessel cord (one vein and two arteries) and how the vein spread like branches across the placenta. She called it the tree of life, both for its appearance and its function. I added flowers to my painting to show the deep connection between human life and nature.

The aesthetic way of knowing is reflected in using art to show this experience in my nursing journey, as well as by seeing the tree of life in the placenta and appreciating it as a natural work of art.

Artifact 2: Quote

nataliekezar — 2025-07-17 01:58:27 UTC

I chose this quote as an artifact as it shows the power of ethical knowing in nursing. Ethical knowing is understanding what is right and what is wrong in nursing. It is choosing to listen instead of always fix, to pause, and to ensure we offer judgement free care. We can sure we always respect autonomy and choose not to coerce. An example of this quote stating that power resides in what we don't do, is in mental health regarding restraints. If we don't advocate for our patients and their autonomy, they may end up in restraints for as long as the doctors order states. This shows a power dynamic where the healthcare team has power over the patient even if it is not ethical. The least restraint policy shows power in what we do as well as what we don't do. Taking restraints off in mental health when they are not needed. This is an example of choosing what is right over what is easy or expected.

Artifact 3: Nurse Taking Vitals

nataliekezar — 2025-07-17 15:56:51 UTC

I chose this photo of a nurse taking vitals as my third artifact, as it shows empirical knowing in nursing. This type of knowing includes the objective evidence, facts and knowledge, and is considered the science of nursing. Throughout this 12 week semester, I became very comfortable with taking vitals and performing assessments on both adults and babies. This type of knowing allows for us to measure, test and have concrete evidence of a patient's health status. Throughout the term I developed my empirical knowledge through inquiry and experiment by performing vitals such as blood pressure, temperature, SpO2, respiratory rate and heart rate. Empirical knowing is important for many things in health care, including prescribing medications, and the return to a baseline state.

Article 1

nataliekezar — 2025-07-18 04:19:21 UTC

"Using ways of knowing in nursing to develop educational strategies that support knowledge mobilization"

Swift, A., & Twycross, A. (2020). Using ways of knowing in nursing to develop educational strategies that support knowledge mobilization. Paediatric and Neonatal Pain, 2(4), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12037

Article 2

nataliekezar — 2025-07-18 04:20:52 UTC

"How Nurses Apply Patterns of Knowing in Clinical Practice: A Grounded Theory Study"

Ways of Knowing

nataliekezar — 2025-07-18 04:27:59 UTC

I chose the ways of knowing in nursing as a topic, as they are always a priority in nursing care. Barbara Carper created the ways of knowing to acknowledge that nursing practice also depends on empathy, ethics, self-awareness, and social justice. By utilizing the ways of knowing in nursing practice, it provides holistic care and ensures empathetic and respectful care is taking place. The ways of knowing remind us as nurses to form human connections, make ethical decisions, and understand ourselves as nurses, our biases and personal beliefs. We should always advocate for our patients, provide holistic care, and provide evidence for patient care such as vitals. Carper's ways of knowing include: empirical, ethical, sociopolitical and empirical. Throughout my 12 weeks of clinical rotation, I found myself using all of the ways of knowing consistently with all of my patients, and it guided my practice.

Artifact 1: Comfortable & Creative Room

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 02:26:48 UTC

I chose this artifact of a patient's room that is nicely decorated with things that make them feel comfortable. Comfort is a large piece of relational inquiry, as it provides patients with a space that supports their safety, dignity and connections with others. We as nurses can consider how much an environment effects a patient's well being, and how we can increase their well being so easily by making their environment more comfortable and personalized. For example, in the mental health unit the rooms are very sterile and bare, and may feel triggering for some people. We can provide comfort while also ensuring safety by offering things such as blankets, access to light, or offering some personal items if allowed. In my personal practice on the children's psychiatric unit I had a 14 year old patient who was staying in the hospital for at least a month, and I found her room to be very bare and lonely. During my shift, we sat together and coloured many colouring sheets and hung them on her walls to personalize her room. As soon as we did this, the patient seemed much happier with being in her room, and an increased feeling of comfort in the setting. This collaboration and interpersonal communication showed the patient respect, and strengthened our nurse-patient therapeutic relationship. Relational inquiry transforms providing a comfortable room into an intentional, ethical, and human-centered form of practice.

Relational Inquiry

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 12:20:41 UTC

I chose relational inquiry as it is applied to all types of nursing and the care a patient is given. Relational inquiry focuses on relationships, enhancing the capacity and power of people to live meaningful lives, and encourages empowerment both intrapersonal and interpersonally. As we learned in this class, relational inquiry rests on the premise that effective, competent, high quality nursing care is oriented to the living experience of people and families. We can recognize that we are all unique beings living lives in our own contexts, acknowledge that decisions of treatment will depend on personal meaning and beliefs, and know that each person will approach their health and care in different ways. We as nurses can look beyond the clinical setting to understand further what has brought the patient to where they are today. We can analyze their well being in all parts of life, including socially, emotionally and culturally. In both of my placements this semester, relational inquiry was specifically important. I was constantly caring for people in a vulnerable state, and tried to understand their life and how to make them feel comfortable as much as possible.

Artifact 2: Quote

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 14:03:13 UTC

I chose this quote by Maya Angelou as my second artifact for relational inquiry. This quote emphasizes how our presence, empathy and connections with patients have a lasting impact on their health and well being. In the mental health placement I found myself taking part in relational inquiry often by just being present with patients. There were many times where they just needed an outlet, someone to talk to and share their feelings with, and I ensured that I was there and present. I was always intentional, creating a space of respect, trust, and also calmness. In the maternal child unit, I ensured to always ask about the mother's emotional well being, but also the father's. It is always good to check in on both parents and analyze how they are doing with their new baby. This quote relates to relational inquiry as nurses show an intentional presence and ethical engagement with patients, and the patients remember this holistic care. Just like the quote states, your patients will remember how you made them feel, especially in such vulnerable moments such as those they are facing in the healthcare setting.

Artifact 3: Video

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 14:03:32 UTC

"Be Curious: Advancing the Nursing Profession Through Clinical Inquiry"

I chose this youtube video as my third artifact, as it shows how nurses can be so involved in their patients care by furthering their knowledge using relational and clinical inquiry. Nurses involved in scientific inquiry raise questions about their clinical practice, challenge out of date or poorly functioning policies, and work with an interdisciplinary team to solve pressing nursing problems. This video shows us that curiosity is the foundation of nursing inquiry, and holistic, person-centered care. Relational practice includes not only how we care for individuals, but also how we engage with systems, power structures, and outdated ways of thinking in healthcare. Relational inquiry encourages nurses to ask those questions related to their patients' care, and find out how they can contribute to improving care. An example of using relational inquiry to question care could be related to ethics in the mental health unit. Restraints are used on patients when needed but only as a last resort, and may be traumatic for the patient. Relational inquiry helps nurses to question the use of restraints and encourage a least restraint policy where comfort and safety of the patient is the key goal.

Article 1

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 14:10:03 UTC

"Relational inquiry approach for developing deeper awareness of patient suffering"

Younas, A. (2020). Relational inquiry approach for developing deeper awareness of patient suffering. Nursing Ethics, 27(4), 096973302091252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020912523

Article 2

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 14:15:27 UTC

"In-hospital interventions to promote relational practice with families in acute care settings: A scoping review"

Stigma Related to Mental Health

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 15:31:30 UTC

I chose the topic of stigma related to mental health as it is prevalent in the community, but also with care providers in healthcare settings. It is found that many patients do not receive help for their mental health because they feel stigmatized or embarrassed by others. As nurses it is our job to find ways to decrease stigma in the community and in the workplace, and normalize receiving help for mental health support. People who receive help for mental health often feel stereotyped, excluded, face discrimination, and develop poor self esteem. Stigma contributes to delayed help seeking, decrease in health outcomes, low self-esteem and self-worth, social isolation, and unequal access to services and support. As nurses we have a job to challenge stigma, use first person language, provide trauma informed care, support patient autonomy, and reflect on our own biases. We need people who struggle with their mental health to feel welcome in the healthcare setting, and to want to receive help, and that is why this is a main topic that I am highlighting in my podcast.

Article 1

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 15:35:01 UTC

"Understanding and Addressing Mental Health Stigma Across Cultures for Improving Psychiatric Care: A Narrative Review"

Article 2

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 15:39:37 UTC

"A Systematic Review of the Effect of Stigmatization on Psychiatric Illness Outcomes"

Artifact 1: Art Piece

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 15:56:06 UTC

I chose this art piece for my first artifact as it states "you are not your mental illness". Stigmatization in mental health many times makes people feel belittled, like they are not good enough, and as though their mental health defines them as a person. These statements are not true. As nurses, we can use relational inquiry to understand the whole picture and dive deeper into patients lives, as well as what brought them to where they are today. We can provide them holistic care, and acknowledge our own personal biases. We can create safe, non judgemental spaces, validate patient experiences, engage in active listening, and challenge stigma. People deserve to feel seen, understood, and that they should be able to receive care. Everyone deserves to feel welcomed in an environment, especially in healthcare where everyone is there to receive some sort of help.

**Artist is unknown.

Artifact 2: Quote

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 16:04:41 UTC

I chose this quote by Bill Clinton, as it emphasizes that mental illness is not a moral failing or personal weakness, but a health condition, just like diabetes or heart disease. What causes the worst harm isn't the illness, but the stigma and prejudice that surrounds it. Society is known to treat individuals who struggle with mental health differently, silencing them, discrimination, and showing judgement. Mental health stigmatization is prevalent in healthcare systems in many ways such as these patients not receiving care as quickly or being taken as seriously. This stigma that takes place in healthcare is most times formed by personal biases that healthcare providers hold. These biases go against the duty of a nurse which is to provide ethical and compassionate care to everyone. Healthcare workers and people in general should ensure they are acknowledging their biases and work towards being more welcoming to everyone.

Artifact 3: Video

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 16:12:34 UTC

"Mental Health Stigmas Explained"

I chose this as my third artifact, as it shows how what people around you think, greatly influences the way you feel. Stigma against mental health works in the same way. If you are always hearing poor things about mental illness or about the people who struggle with mental illness, you might feel poorly about it too. This video acknowledges the lack of awareness and understanding that people have, and the conflict it creates at home, with friends, in the workplace, and more. These barriers have powerful impacts on people with mental illness, as our society does not often promote acceptance and inclusion. People with mental illness many times develop “self-stigma” and as a result do not receive the necessary help. This video explains how we need to speak properly about mental health and illness, and encourage people to think openly about it. We need to advocate for people with mental illness, and ensure they are receiving the help they need.

Non-Birthing Parent & Feeding Support

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 17:13:14 UTC

I chose this topic as non birthing parents want to be involved and support their partners in breastfeeding but may feel left out and helpless. In many studies with fathers, it was found that they want specific and accessible information about the benefits of breastfeeding, strategies to encourage and support their partner alongside support for themselves during this time. We as nurses must involve, include and support fathers as well as non birthing parents in recognizing their importance in the breastfeeding relationship. I experienced this in my maternal child placement where a father was in the room while the mother was trying to breastfeed, and it was more of a struggle since the baby was tongue tied. The father stated that he felt useless, and wished he could help, but did not know how. We encouraged him to watch the teaching of placement of the baby, so he could assist his wife in ensuring their newborn was in the right place that was most effective once they arrived home.

We can encourage the non birthing parent of the child to help hand express the breast milk if needed while the mother holds the baby in place, they can also help to ensure the mother is comfortable, and watch for any cues that the baby is feeding or not. It is important to provide patient and family centered care whenever possible, and include the non birthing parent in such a special moment of their life.

Artifact 1: Video

nataliekezar — 2025-07-19 17:22:07 UTC

"How dads and partners can be more involved in breastfeeding"

I chose this video as my first artifact, as it is a good educational video that supports fathers in the process of learning how to better support the mother of their child. It provides ways that non birthing parents can feel included and needed, even when the mother of the baby has such a large role in that child's life. This video shows how parents can improve their connection with their newborn, share responsibilities, and take part in family centered care. By using relational inquiry, it also promotes equity, presence, and engagement in the early postpartum period. This video reflects an awareness of how gender roles, systemic barriers, and family dynamics affect postpartum care. We as nurses can continuously provide education to non birthing parents, and encourage their participation in as much as they can.

Artifact 2: Quote

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 12:44:57 UTC

I chose this quote as an artifact as it shows the importance of support from the non birthing parent, and how appreciated it is. This quote states truly that what the mother of the child needs most is love and support. When a father actively supports and cares for his partner, he is also nurturing the emotional and physical environment in which the child is raised. Breastfeeding is physical and emotionally demanding on a mother, so any form of help is greatly appreciated by the mother. Showing forms of emotional reassurance to the mother such as "you are doing great" is also a great way to express love and ensure a stable environment. This relational support nurtures a positive and loving family culture.

Artifact 3: Art Piece

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 12:56:54 UTC

I chose this art piece as my final artifact, as it displays the love of a family when a new baby comes and how they are interconnected with each other. The non-birthing parent can be present in many ways of the child's life, and support the mother continuously. In this art piece the father is hugging both the mother and the baby, offering a form of support, protection, and presence. The mother is connected intimately with the baby, showing the bond formed by breastfeeding. The colours and smooth line throughout the art piece may be interpreted as warmth, emotions flowing, and show the intimate connection that breastfeeding forms for both parents. This art piece also shows that breastfeeding is a team effort, and that the non birthing parent's support is greatly appreciated and helpful.

Article 1

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 13:04:55 UTC

"The role of paternal support in breastfeeding outcomes: a meta-analytic review"

Article 2

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 13:08:29 UTC

"Impact of Paternal Breastfeeding Interventions on Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates and Attitudes of Fathers Towards Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review"

Safety Promotion & Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 14:02:09 UTC

In the vulnerable moments of labour, delivery and postpartum, we as nurses should provide compassionate and non-stigmatizing care no matter what. Many babies who's mother used substances during pregnancy end up being born with neonatal abstinence syndrome. These babies are experiencing withdrawal symptoms after experiencing these substances (usually opioids) in utero. These symptoms may include tremors, irritability, respiratory issues, and seizures. As nurses we need to ensure the safety of the child, while also ensuring there is no stigmatization towards the mother. We can educate each other and the mother about NAS, and create a supportive and trusting relationship with the mothers. We can ensure safe withdrawal management, safe discharge planning, trauma informed care, and parental involvement/bonding with the baby. The safety of the baby is the most important aspect of these situations.

Artifact 1: Video

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 19:18:59 UTC

I chose this video for my first artifact as it explains the proper care and safety techniques for a baby with neonatal abstinence syndrome. It shows how we as nurses can provide physical safety and commitment to ensuring the baby's health. We need to also input relational techniques in our nursing care, especially for mothers and babies of NAS, as they are a vulnerable population. This video does not adequately addresses the importance of parental involvement and bonding between a baby and their mother, as skin to skin is a well known coping mechanism for NAS. I would suggest that every nurse watch this video as it provides information on NAS and withdrawal in general.

Group, N. (2017). Treating neonatal abstinence syndrome. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkI59skjn88

Artifact 2: Infographic

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 19:34:51 UTC

I chose this infographic for the topic of safety promotion and neonatal abstinence syndrome, as it provides helpful information on how to assess a newborn baby for this. This infographic provides essential information on signs we should quickly assess for and that we should quickly intervene on. We can see how safety promotion is essential in caring for infants in general, and specifically for those with NAS. Each one of these complications is an opportunity for nurses to promote safety through clinical care, education, and advocacy. Safety promotion is not just about preventing harm, but creating a protective and empowering environment for both the infant and their caregivers, grounded in relational inquiry and trauma-informed care.

Artifact 3: Photo

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 19:54:47 UTC

For artifact 3, I chose a photo of a baby uncontrollably crying, a major sign of NAS. Babies with NAS often cry a lot, shake, are easily upset, and react strongly to touch or light. The baby in this image may be showing signs of overstimulation, discomfort from withdrawal and trouble calming down. These are all common signs of NAS and need careful attention and support from nurses. When a baby is showing signs such as inconsolable crying we need to ensure safety by using assessment tools and taking vitals. We need to also input comfort measures such as skin to skin contact, swaddling, a quiet environment, and minimal interactions. To keep a baby with NAS stable and comfortable, we need to input non pharmacological interventions, and possibly some pharmacological interventions. Relational inquiry is necessary for providing holistic care to both the babies and mothers in this situation.

Article 1

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 19:58:40 UTC

"Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome"

Anbalagan, S., Mendez, M. D., & Falkowitz, D. M. (2024, April 1). Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551498/

Article 2

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:01:07 UTC

"Neonatal abstinence syndrome"

Lee, K. G. (2016). Neonatal abstinence syndrome: MedlinePlus medical encyclopedia. Medlineplus.gov. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007313.htm

Article 3

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:04:46 UTC

"What's in a name? The ethical implications and opportunities in diagnosing an infant with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)"

Reference List

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:08:34 UTC

References

Ahad, A., Gonzalez, M., & Junquera, P. (2023). Understanding and addressing mental health stigma across cultures for improving psychiatric care: A narrative review. Cureus, 15(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39549

Anbalagan, S., Mendez, M. D., & Falkowitz, D. M. (2024, April 1). Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551498/

Bagus Prakoso. (2025). Continuous one line drawing of a happy family. mother, father and baby. vector illustration. Vecteezy. https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/24053897-continuous-one-line-drawing-of-a-happy-family-mother-father-and-baby-vector-illustration

Chukwuma, O. V., Ezeani, E. I., Fatoye, E. O., Benjamin, J., Okobi, O. E., Nwume, C. G., & Egberuare, E. N. (2024). A systematic review of the effect of stigmatization on psychiatric illness outcomes. Cureus, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.62642

Emmamally, W., Erlingsson, C., & Brysiewicz, P. (2022). In-hospital interventions to promote relational practice with families in acute care settings: A scoping review. Health SA Gesondheid, 27. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1694

Group, N. (2017). Treating neonatal abstinence syndrome. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkI59skjn88

Hosking, T., Cassidy, S., & Louie. (2025). Impact of paternal breastfeeding interventions on exclusive breastfeeding rates and attitudes of fathers towards breastfeeding: A systematic review. Current Nutrition Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00603-2

Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2021). Be curious: Advancing the nursing profession through clinical inquiry. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxYE_t-uy2k

Lee, K. G. (2016). Neonatal abstinence syndrome: MedlinePlus medical encyclopedia. Medlineplus.gov. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007313.htm

Mental health stigmas explained. (2020, June 29). Www.youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXYP3kdWSEw

Oei, J. L., Blythe, S., Dicair, L., Didden, D., Preisz, A., & Lantos, J. (2022). What’s in a name? The ethical implications and opportunities in diagnosing an infant with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Addiction, 118(1), 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16022

Rafii, F., Nasrabadi, A., & Tehrani, F. (2021). How nurses apply patterns of knowing in clinical practice: A grounded theory study. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 31(1), 139–146. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v31i1.16

Scottish Government. (2023, February 28). Parent club: How dads and partners can be more involved in breastfeeding. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N3xZbgfARYk

x x. (2021, August 13). Mental health - end the stigma. Pinterest. https://ca.pinterest.com/pin/381961612157050756/

Younas, A. (2020). Relational inquiry approach for developing deeper awareness of patient suffering. Nursing Ethics, 27(4), 096973302091252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020912523

Zhou, S., Lu, J., Qin, A., Wang, Y., Gao, W., Li, H., & Rao, L. (2024). The role of paternal support in breastfeeding outcomes: A meta-analytic review. International Breastfeeding Journal, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-024-00694-1

Part 1: Introduction

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:23:28 UTC

Part 2: Stigma Related to Mental Health

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:36:50 UTC

Part 3: Utilizing the Ways of Knowing

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:41:10 UTC

Part 4: Safety Promotion & Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:45:29 UTC

Part 5: Non-Birthing Parent & Feeding Support

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:50:30 UTC

Part 6: Relational Inquiry

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:55:17 UTC

Final Part: Thankyou!

nataliekezar — 2025-07-20 20:57:22 UTC