the type of language produced by second- and foreign-language learners who are in the process of learning a language. In language learning, learner's errors are caused by several different processes. These include:

This essay has examined three types of English that exist in Mainland China, distinguishing particularly between Chinglish and Chinese English, which have been grouped together by previous linguists. Chinglish can be viewed as an erroneous form of language that is the result of poor translation, and it generally only exists in written form. Chinese English is an interlanguage used by Mandarin-speaking English learners in China. It is easily understood as being English by Inner Circle speakers, but it often contains so-called L1 interference, or Mandarin structural features. Misplaced or errantly used grammatical patterns are another characteristic of Chinese English. Finally, China English is a developing world variety of English. It has unique features including phonology, lexicon, syntax, and discourse patterns, and therefore it fulfils three out of Butler's five criteria toward becoming a nativised variety. As China develops socially and opens economically over the next decade, the use of English there will only be widened and further refined into an established Expanding Circle World English.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/english-today/article/english-chinglish-or-china-english/AA9B6BAFDEBEE013D8DD2777C9F3620B

Syntax/ Grammar
Firstly, there are some absence of words in Chinese, like the slogan in some important place like the engine room, if we just translate it into “Engine room is serious place”, people will get puzzled about the translation. Therefore, the absent part is “ no unauthorized access”, and we should translate it into “Engine room: No unauthorized access.”. The second one is that we often forget to change the part of speech. An example can be: to emphasize somebody’s speech achieve a good effect, the Chinglish translation is “His speech gave a deep impression to the audience.”, however we should change the noun “impression” to verb “impress”, therefore the correct translation should be “His speech impressed the audience deeply.”. Last but not the least, in Chinese, we describe reasons firstly, results at last and we express things from big to small, from far to near, while in English we illustrate results at first and then we talk about causes, in addition, we describe things from small to big, from common to special. Such as “They canceled the outing because of the rain.” instead of “Because of the rain, they canceled the outing.”. And, the right translation of “18:00 tomorrow afternoon” should be “six o’clock tomorrow afternoon”, rather than “tomorrow afternoon six o’clock”. 

Analysis of Chinglish in Chinese-English Translation