Colonial Society Notes by Matthew Jefferson

Reasons For Colonization

mjefferson2313 — 2017-08-29 17:12:40 UTC

SPAIN: 3 G's- Gold-primary ambition, Glory-for them to gain respect, and God-catholic and mission trips.
ENGLAND: (Sir Francis Drake-Buccaneer), Roanoke Island- 1585- "Lost Colony"- forgotten During War- CROATOAN,Enclosure- small farmers forced out, Unemployed Farmers, Primogeniture- oldest son, Joint Stock Company- investment, Peace with Spain, Adventure.
FRENCH-DUTCH: Big traders, Temporary Settlement, Fur Trade.
(MERCANTILISM-For all countries).

Southern Colonies (The Chesapeake)

mjefferson2313 — 2017-09-06 16:43:34 UTC

GEORGIA- became last British-American colony to be founded in 1733. Founded by James Oglethorp. Serves as a buffer between South Carolina and Florida. Between the Indians and plantation owners. Young white males who had debt and criminals lived in Georgia.
CAROLINAS- originally called the Carolinas. In 1729 they split into north and south carolina. North a tobacco state and the south was more indigo and rice. Poor whites and religious dissenters. Different forms of Christianity. Roanoke island original attempt to settle in North Carolina. By sir Walter Raleigh. He left to go get more stuff and it took to long and by the time he got back everyone was gone. North Carolina experiment of colonization failed.
VIRGINIA- Chesapeake area. Jamestown Virginia company. King James the second created the joint stock company.

Colonial Slavery and Slave Codes

mjefferson2313 — 2017-09-06 17:14:17 UTC

COLONIAL SLAVERY- Most of the slaves didn't even make it on to the boats to the U.S. Between 20% to 1/3 of slaves died during the "Middle Passage". About 50 million Africans died or became slaves during the 17th and 18th century. Majority of slaves were sent to Spanish and Portuguese colonies in the new world.
SLAVE CODES- As Africans grew in numbers, threatened whites passed laws to severely control the slave population. Most common codes stated: A. blacks and their children were property for life of white masters. B. it was a crime to teach literacy to slaves. C. conversion to Christianity was not grounds for freedom.
STONO REBELLION (1739)- was the largest revolt in colonial history of the 13 colonies. SC slaves tried to march to Spanish Florida after Spanish Authorities offered freedom of any slave who reached Florida. Stopped by Militia after 25 whites were killed; eventually scores of slave rebels killed by militia and settlers.

The Puritan Family

mjefferson2313 — 2017-09-13 16:41:53 UTC

While the imbalance between male and female migrants made it difficult
for patriarchal family patterns fully to take root in the Chesapeake until
the end of the seventeenth century, they emerged very quickly in New
England. Women are not allowed to have roles within the church. Puritans deemed women to be the spiritual equals of men,and women were allowed to become full church members. Family was the foundation of the community. New England women were usually married by the age of 22.

Government and Society in Massachusetts

mjefferson2313 — 2017-09-13 16:50:31 UTC

John Winthrop- City on the hill. In a sermon aboard the Arabella, on which he sailed for Massachusetts in
1630, John Winthrop spoke of the settlers binding themselves together “in
the bond of brotherly affection” in order to promote the glory of God and
their own “common good.” They feared individualism. Salem is not going to take orders from Massachusetts Bay. Puritans,
however, were hardly believers in equality.
Church membership, a status that carried
great prestige and power, was a restrictive category. The government of Massachusetts
reflected the Puritans’ religious and social
vision. Wishing to rule the colony without
outside interference and to prevent
non-Puritans from influencing decision
making, the shareholders of the
Massachusetts Bay Company emigrated
to America, taking the charter with them
and transforming a commercial document
into a form of government. To be a full member of the Puritan church, you must prove that you are a devine visible saint. (Pre-Destination)

History

mjefferson2313 — 2017-09-13 17:08:19 UTC

NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION(1643)- MBC, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven.
Indian Wars: Pequot War(1636), King Phillips War(1675)- would be the bloodiest war ever fought on New England soil.
1686- MERCANTILISM: Colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country: wealth, prosperity, and self-sufficiency. First time in history of the Americas, the colonies have come together to co-exist. Economic relationship with New England is most important. 1685- Lords of trade created dominion of New England to help unite the colonies. Anglophiles- want English products. 1686- James II appointed Sir Edmond Andros to lead the DNE to oversee all of New England and later New York. SALLUTARY NEGLECT- govern ourselves. People hate the new laws that were appointed.

mjefferson2313 — 2017-09-13 17:31:40 UTC

OLD LIGHTS- orthodox and liberal clergymen deeply skeptical of emotionalism and theatrical antics of revivalist.
NEW LIGHTS- Supported the Awakening for revitalizing American religion. And used emotionalism to move followers.
RESULTS- split denominations thus increasing competitiveness of American churches. Brought religion to many who had lost touch with it.