Stages of a tooth brush by Daniel Eriksson de Rezende Hammoud

Tooth Brush

ianrocha1 — 2024-04-11 13:45:39 UTC

Toothbrushes are extremely polluting products that take around 500 years to decompose and disappear from nature. Each year a person discards 6 to 12 toothbrushes giving a total rating of more or less than 3.6 billion toothbrushes per year.

when it was created?

danielhammoud — 2024-04-15 14:45:05 UTC

The first toothbrush patent in the United States was filed in 1857 by H. N. Wadsworth (US Patent No. 18,653). But widespread production in North America didn't start until 1885.

Tooth brush materials.

danielhammoud — 2024-04-15 15:06:56 UTC

Typically, toothbrushes are composed of various materials, such nylon bristles and plastic handles. The brush's most recyclable part is its plastic handle; but, because of their nature, nylon bristles may be more challenging to recycle. The plastic used to make toothbrushes is usually the Polipropileno.

Fontes

ianrocha1 — 2024-04-15 15:09:09 UTC

https://www.ecycle.com.br/escova-de-dente-e-reciclavel/

Chat gpt

ihu.unisinos.br

Nylon

danielhammoud — 2024-04-15 15:21:15 UTC

Nylon Polymer: Adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine mix chemically to produce a polyamide, which is the precursor of nylon, a synthetic polymer.
Extrusion: The nylon polymer is pushed through a die that has a hole in it once it has melted. Throughout the extrusion process, the polymer needs to be heated to a specific temperature in order to make it sufficiently malleable to be forced through the die
Cooling: The nylon filament is rapidly cooled to take on its final shape. This might mean submerging the filament in a cold water bath or passing it through a cooling apparatus.
Cutting and Packaging: After the filament has dried and been cut to the proper lengths, it may be packaged for use in final items.

Environmental effects

Greenhouse Gas Emissions:

just as the polypropylene production, the Nylon production can also affect the greenhouses gas by the
polymerization and filiation processes.

How plastic can affect the environment

danielhammoud — 2024-04-25 13:19:13 UTC

Floods: when disposed of incorrectly, plastic can cause floods by stuffing drains making life difficult for people.

Ocean pollution: plastic can be discarded in the ocean affecting the marine life that can eat that plastic. The composed plastic also make microplastic that are little plastic particles that are almost impossible to be cleaned.

Green house effect: the green house can be affected by the burn of plastic that releases toxic gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

polypropylene

ianrocha1 — 2024-04-25 13:20:23 UTC

Polypropylene feedstock extraction.

ianrocha1 — 2024-04-25 13:34:17 UTC

Air Pollution: Activities like drilling, refining, and burning of petroleum products release sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and volatile organic into the atmosphere. These pollutants are really bad to air quality degradation and can have adverse health effects on both humans and wildlife.
Water Pollution: Transportation can contaminate water , like rivers, lakes, and oceans, with crude oil and toxic chemicals. This pollution affecting aquatic ecosystems, affecting marine life, water quality, and the livelihoods of communities reliant on fishing and tourism.
Habitat Destruction: The petroleum platforms, can hurt natural habitats, leading to loss of biodiversity and especies changes.
Climate Change: Burning fossil fuels derived from petroleum releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. Additionally, methane emissions during petroleum extraction and processing exacerbate the greenhouse effect. Climate change impacts include rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and disruptions to ecosystems and agriculture.

danielhammoud — 2024-04-25 13:43:19 UTC

Other international companies in the top 10 for plastic pollution are Mondelez International, Unilever, Mars, P&G, Colgate-Palmolive, Phillip Morris and Perfetti Van Melle.

ianrocha1 — 2024-04-25 13:50:22 UTC

Greenhouse gas emissions: Manufacturing polypropylene often involves industrial processes that consume energy and emit greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), ending in global warming and climate changes.

water pollution: During the production process, air pollutants and liquid effluents containing dangerous chemicals may be released. This can result in air and water pollution, affecting the quality of these natural resources and posing risks to human health and aquatic life.

Wastes production: The production of polypropylene generates a variety of solid, liquid and gaseous waste. Inadequate disposal of this waste can lead to contamination of soil, water and ecosystems, damaging biodiversity and causing negative impacts on human health. Use of Chemicals: The production of polypropylene can involve the use of chemicals, such as catalysts and additives, which can be toxic to the environment and factory workers if not handled properly. Impacts of final disposal: Polypropylene is often discarded in landfills or incinerated after use. Incineration can release air pollutants, while landfill disposal can result in soil and water contamination if waste is not properly managed.

Made by:

ianrocha1 — 2024-04-25 13:53:26 UTC

Ian Beniste and Daniel Hammoud.