Linoleum Printmaking by Mrs. Kanter

Beginning information

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Printing in 2 colors

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Terms

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Relief print: A technique of printing where a surface is carved and ink is applied to the surface that remains. What remains uncarved will be the color of the ink, the part that is carved away will show the paper.
Lino Cut: style of print making referred to LINO meaning from Linoleum
Linoleum Block: the wooden/linoleum piece you carve
Gouges: sharp tools used to carve into the linoleum
Brayer: hand held roller to apply ink
Inking plate: smooth glass or plastic surface to roll the ink on.
Printing Press: machine used to press ink onto paper
Print: an inked impression of your block, placed on paper
Edition: multiple prints that all look exactly the same
Chatter: marks left from the carving process
Bench Hook: A metal or wooden plate with a raised edge on each end to hold a woodcut or linocut in place while cutting.

Keep in mind:

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Much like scratchboard, the lines that are carved will produce a white line, the rest will be black

Printmaking definition

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Printmaking is type of art that uses an inked block or ‘plate’ to reproduce an image; this allows multiple prints unlike drawing or painting where you only get one image.

Requirements

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Using the sketch from day 1 create:

5 solid color prints
5 blended color prints

With these 10 prints we will be creating an edition of 3 altered color prints using cut material glued and woven together.

Watch 2nd - Printing process

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Linoleum Cut Printmaking Demo - YouTube

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Bad print

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Print has too much ink that has filled in the carved areas and printed. This leaves prints too dark.

Bad print

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Not enough ink for coverage. Not enough ink also allows the paper to release and create a double image.

Good print

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Dark print with sharp edges. The paper is also clean and no fingerprints are visible.

Good print

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A good print will always have the
1. Number of the Edition
2. Title
3. Signature

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TRIM THE HESSIAN BACKING AND EDGES

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Make sure you cut any hessian backing from around the edges of the linoblock

Make sure any ‘stray’ piece of the backing are cut off neatly. This includes stray fine ‘hairs’. These can be a problem around the edgeline of the linoblock print as they can pick up ink in the process of inking the block and transfer to your final print.

UNEVEN PRINTING PRESSURE

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Make sure you have applied even pressure across all the surfaces of the linoblock

When hand burnishing try and make sure you work in a pattern across the print so the pressure applied to all parts of the surface is similar.

UNDER-INKING AND OVER-INKING OF THE LINOBLOCK

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Make sure that you cover all sections of the linoblock evenly with the ink

Under-inking and over-inking are one of the main reasons for a bad print when beginning to learn the printing process. Learning where that happy medium is to get a good print will take a little practice.

DIRT & EXCESS LINO-CHIPS

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Make sure you clean all excess ‘linochips’ (from carving) and any dirt particles from your linoblock before printing

Small ‘chips’ left on the carved sections of the linoblock, dirt particles or even fine hair can be picked up when inking the linoblock and end up on your print or linoblock. These then create small white ‘patches’ on your print.

PAPER MOVEMENT ON THE LINOBLOCK

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Make sure that you do not move the paper on the linoblock

If you move the paper then you get a ‘doubled’ or blurred image.

How much ink on the plate?

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Scoop out a rounded Quarter-sized blob of ink. (If you're not sure, start with less...you can always add more).

Thin layer of ink!

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Roll it over the printing plate until you have a THIN (ie, no raised streaks or blobs) layer of ink on the plate, as well as the roller.

What the ink will look and sound like

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A slight orange-peel texture in the ink is ideal, and it should make a weird sticky (hissing) noise when you roll it.

Know when you have too much

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If your roller is not rolling and there are piles of ink around the edges of your plate...you used too much ink. Scrape the ink back to near the top edge of the plate and save it for later.

Double check the ink plate for a good print

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Take a look at your roller before you cover your block and think, "Does this look like it's going to make a huge mess?" If yes, then definitely clean your printing plate first and reroll the ink until it sounds and looks good.

5 Single color prints

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Your first drawing will need to be fairly simple.
Requirements:

5"x5"
Some type of Plant or Flower
Border
Subject
Background texture
5 prints in color on white paper

3 color Reduction block print

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Design and print an edition print.
Requirements:

6"x8"
3 reference photos posted
1 planning sketch
Your print will have a Foreground, Middleground, Background
5 prints in 2 colors & black
Required information on each of the 5 prints.

Edition - 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5, 5/5
Title of print
Your signature
(We will go over the edition information after we are finished printing)

Altered Print 1 of 3 - Glued strips

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This altered print uses 2 blended & 1 solid print

1 blended print for the background
Use scissors & glue - cut the 2 prints out
Cut them into strips, they can be wavy, fat, skinny, short, long
Glue the strips onto the background print in any direction

This print needs written on the bottom:

Title of print
Your signature

Linocut definition

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Linocut is a printmaking technique also known as lino print, lino printing or linoleum art. It is based off of woodcut printmaking. Linocut uses a sheet of linoleum which can be mounted on a wooden block. A design is cut into the linoleum surface with a sharp knife or V-shaped gouge - these carved areas will be where the paper shows through. The surface that is left uncarved will be where the ink is rolled on and printed onto the paper.

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3. Watch the first 2 Videos in column 3

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2. TERMS - Image find & definitions

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Under your name in the TURN IN Padlet - Post the terms listed below with an image and write the definitions in your own words

Relief print
Brayer
Linoleum Block
Inking Plate
Gouges

Find a picture online that fits each definition and post it with the Term and Definition written in your own words.

SEE EXAMPLE BELOW

4. Introduce the Printing processes in column 4

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Linoleum Block

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Brayer

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1. Finish drawing

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Once you have your drawing completed we will begin transferring it to the block using tracing paper.

3. Transferring image to block

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Follow step 1 of the Column 3 - Linocut Printing process column.

* Add black sharpie to block that you want printed. This will help keep you from carving away the part that will be printed

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5. Check out sections below for steps of printing

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1. Safety - You WILL cut yourself and possibly need stitches if you do not follow these rules.

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Review Step 2 of the Linocut Printing process column.

I have Band-Aids.

2. Materials

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Checkout tools & materials
Review cleanup procedures

3. Begin carving your block

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Examples of borders

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Relief print

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2. Cutting the Linoblock

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Watch 1st - Intro to Lino printing

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Inking a LINO plate

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WATCH THIS ONE

1 of 3 - Glued strips altered print example

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3 color + black

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2 color + black

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https://samanthasews.com/category/printmaking/

Student example

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1. Introduce resources

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Linoleum Cutter (Gouges)

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Relief print (Example post)

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Relief printing is when parts of the linoleum are carved away. The part of the linoleum that is not carved is where the ink goes.

Reduction Linocut Technique

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Linoleum - beginning drawing to printing

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To make a jig

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You will need:

Ruler

pencil

cardboard

exacta knife

Why do we need a jig?

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The Jig holds the linoleum in place and helps keep the paper clean. It also helps with Registration, with a jig it is much easier to position your paper for the print and get your separate layers to line up.

What is a jig?

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A jig is a type of custom-made tool used to control the location of the linoleum and paper.

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2 block printing process

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Altered print 3 of 3 altered print - both images are woven from strips

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This altered print uses 1 blended & 1 solid print

Cut 1 blended print into horizontal strips
Cut 1 solid print into vertical strips
Using one of the solid strips as the beginning strip, glue the blended strips onto the solid strip alternating top & bottom.
After the first row is glued & dried continue weaving the solid strips into the glued blended strips
Glue the finished paper weaving to a blank white paper for the background

This print needs written on the bottom:

Title of print
Your signature

5 Blended 2 color prints

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Use the carved linoleum block to create 5 additional prints, this time using 2 colors and blending them on the plate.
Number your prints

Altered print 2 of 3 altered print - Cut paper with strips added

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This altered print uses 2 Solid & 1 blended print

1 solid print for the background
Use Exacta blade - cut the background with parallel lines that can be straight, wavy, diagonal
Cut the 2 extra prints into strips, they can be wavy, fat, skinny, short, long
Weave the strips into the background print

This print needs written on the bottom:

Title of print
Your signature

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Linocut - start to finish

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Step 1 - Drawing your image

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Mark out a 6x8 area on paper
Draw an Ocean scene image - post 3 reference photos

Image must have:

Foreground - things in front - Turtle
Midground - Things in the middle - jellyfish
Background - Things in the background - water

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Foreground - waves
Midground - Boat
Background - sky

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Foreground - front bottles
Midground - back bottle
Background - moon

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Foreground - baby dolphin
Midground - momma dolphin
Background - waves

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Foreground - water
Midground - boat
Background - sky

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Foreground - water

Midground - boat

Background - sky

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Step 1

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Sketch your design in pencil - think about where you want your white, light color & darker color.

Step 2

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Reproduce your sketch using markers - this is where you can take out your lines if your colors are touching!

Step 3

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Outline your color design with pencil to transfer your drawing to the linoleum.

Resources

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Sketch

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Draw 1 - 6"x6" sketch

Flower with border

Animal with border

Your first drawing will need to be fairly simple.

Requirements:

6"x6"
Some type of Plant/Flower/Animal
Border
Subject
Background texture
Make sure your lines are thick!

**No thin lines - 1/8" is thinnest allowable

Student example - sketch

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Practice cutting

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Making marks with the Lino tools

Using the practice linoleum block, we will be focusing on how the different blades cut thick & thin lines.

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Setting up the printing jig

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This is a measurement for the jig for a 9 x 12 paper and 6x8 linoleum.

6. Review Powerpoint - Linoleum Prints

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HAND OUT LINOLEUM BLOCK TOOLS & MATERIALS

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