AFFORDABLE CARE ACT by https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp How many families can use healthcare by Grace, Jacob & Lacie en-us 2021-08-13 20:20:54 UTC 2025-03-03 17:34:01 UTC hello@padlet.com ACA IDEOLOGY higmanja https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1678623042 Main goals:

Decrease uninsured healthcare by making health insurance more available

Expand Medicaid

Decrease Healthcare costs

Blau (pg. 418-419) ideology on American healthcare: 
  • American's want a robust healthcare system but do not have faith in the government to provide it. 
  • Healthcare is treated as a commodity.
  • Healthcare is provided by your employment 

The ACA is a democratic piece of legislation that protects people with lower income who cannot reasonably afford insurance unless it is offered to them usually by means of employment. 

The ideology is keeping workers healthy to continue productive work will decrease reliance on other forms of welfare when it comes to the working individuals. 
]]> 2021-08-13 20:51:43 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1678623042 Description of Policy higmanja https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1678639051 https://www.congress.gov/bill/111th-congress/house-bill/3590

Directly from Healthcare.gov's official website. Explains in this link's video exactly what the policy does to understand the main components:

https://youtu.be/j9tRVESzJ1M]]> 2021-08-13 21:18:06 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1678639051 The social problem higmanja https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1678648903
  • In 2009, 46.3 million persons of all ages (15.4%) were uninsured at the time of interview, 58.5 million (19.4%) had been uninsured for at least part of the year prior to interview, and 32.8 million (10.9%) had been uninsured for more than a year at the time of interview.
    • The CDC literally has a table for percentage of people who just simply DO NOT HAVE HEALTH INSURANCE FOR MORE THAN A YEAR??? OBVIOUS PROBLEM.

    It is still a HUGE problem today, however, the ACA has abated the damage that was being done. Simply, comparing 2019's data America has gone down by over 5% of those uninsured!  
    •  In 2019, 33.2 million (10.3%) persons of all ages were uninsured at the time of interview. In the second half of 2019, 35.7 million persons of all ages (11.0%) were uninsured—significantly higher than the first 6 months of 2019 (30.7 million, 9.5%). 
    https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/insur202009-508.pdf
    ]]>     2021-08-13 21:35:43 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1678648903     Economics of Healthcare leading to the ACA higmanja https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1679097775
  • Tax deductions address basic social welfare needs, like the need for healthcare
  • Private health insurance deductions reduce the need for a nationwide health system, which would cover the 48.6 million Americans that are uninsured 
  • US Economics and US Healthcare are mismatched, the economic system values markets, profits, and competition while the healthcare system distorts that. 
  • The economic system treats the wealthy well and the poor badly, whereas the healthcare system aims to treat all with the necessary care 
  • Though healthcare is more difficult to obtain for the poor, 91% of respondents in a survey agreed that "everyone should have a right to the best possible healthcare - as good as millionaires get"
  • HMO's typically ration medical procedures to maintain their profit, which probes questions from the American people 
  • Medical options for individuals in need are rarely explained to them by medical professionals, and in medical emergencies health care consumers do not have the time to "shop around" 
  • Fundamental principles of market economics every individual’s pursuit of self-interest will bring the best possible outcome, but this principle does not hold in the healthcare marketplace
  • The United States spends twice as much on healthcare as Japan, and lives on average 4 years less. Likely due to the profit and waste built into the US Healthcare System


    • ]]>     2021-08-14 16:55:54 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1679097775     Social Movements throughout U.S. History ellulgra https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1681065307 1840 | Dorothea Dix, a retired teacher, founds the mental health movement to change how people with mental health conditions are viewed and treated

    1863 | Founding of the international Red Cross movement, proposing voluntary national relief societies trained to help in times of war

    1877 | Formation of St. John Ambulance Association to teach first-aid to the public

    1948 | Founding of the National Health Services

    1951 | Rise of the disability rights movement, setting out to achieve equal rights and opportunities for disabled people

    1952 | The link between smoking and lung cancer identified, leading to the tobacco control movement to increase public awareness about the harmful effects of smoking

    1961 | The introduction of the contraceptive pill, a driving force behind the UK women’s liberation movement, as sexual liberation did not always mean women’s liberation

    1967 | The opening of St. Christopher’s Hospice, the first in London, marking a success of the UK hospice movement to radically change the approach to death and dying

    1970s | The patient rights movement gives rise to hospital-based patient advocates

    1980 | Formation of the Alzheimer’s Association, starting the Alzheimer’s movement

    1987 | ACT UP members march on Wall Street to demand access to AIDS drugs and a national policy to fight the disease

    1980s/1990s | The breast cancer movement takes off after the invention of the mammogram in 1966 enables screening and identification of breast cancer

    Early 2000s | Social movement thinking is applied to building an NHS Improvement movement

    2013 | NHS Change Day runs for the first time, gaining 200,000+ pledges for change

    2014 | The Five Year Forward View refers to the NHS as a ‘social movement’

    2016 | The NHS launches the ‘Health as a Social Movement’ program

    What social movements in health aim to achieve:
    1. Bring about change in the experience and delivery of health care
    2. Improve people’s experience of disease, disability, or illness
    3. Promote healthy lifestyles
    4. Address socio economic and political determinants of health
    5. Democratize the production and dissemination of knowledge
    6. Change cultural and societal norms
    7. Propose new health innovation and policy making approaches

    Castillo, J., Khan, H., Nicholas, L., & Finnis, A. (2015). Health as a Social Movement: The Power of People in Movements. Nesta.org.uk. Nesta's Health Lab.


    ]]>     2021-08-16 21:57:59 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1681065307     History of the Affordable Care Act ellulgra https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1681067651 March 23, 2010: President Obama signs the Affordable Care Act into law

    Changes required by the Affordable Care Act immediately 
    • March 23, 2010: Anyone who had already purchased a health insurance plan by this date had a plan with “grandfathered status.” 
    • March 23, 2010: Anyone who bought a health insurance plan after March 23, 2010 would eventually have to enroll in a new plan that met all of the new standards of the Affordable Care Act.

    Changes required by the Affordable Care Act after 90 days 
    • June 23, 2010:
      • Five billion dollars were allocated for individuals who could not qualify for insurance. These funds allowed them to buy insurance from the government instead.
      • A temporary reinsurance program was established to reimburse participating employment-based plans for a portion of the cost of providing health insurance coverage to early retirees.  
    • July 1, 2010:
      • The Pre-Existing Condition Insurance Plan (PCIP) was designed to make health insurance available to those that have been denied coverage by private insurance companies because of a pre-existing condition. 

    Changes required by the Affordable Care Act after 180 days 
    • September 23, 2010 (Within six months of the ACA’s enactment):
    • A government website is created to allow people to search for information about health insurance companies, available plans, and other essential facts.
    • Insurers are not permitted to exclude pre-existing conditions from coverage for children.
    • October 19, 2010: eHealth publishes its first in a series of resources to help uninsured children navigate differences in individual states.

    Changes required by the Affordable Care Act in 2011
    • A provision goes into effect to protect patients’ choice of doctors. Specifics include allowing plan members to pick any participating primary care provider, prohibiting insurers from requiring prior authorization before a woman sees an obstetrician/gynecologist (ob/gyn), and ensuring access to emergency care.
    • Young adults can stay on their parents’ insurance until age 26, even if they are not full-time students. This extension applies to all new plans.
    • A provision goes into effect that eliminates lifetime limits on coverage for members.

    Changes required by the Affordable Care Act in 2014 
    • October 1, 2013: Health insurance exchanges scheduled to open for 2014 enrollment begin writing policies that go into effect January 1, 2014.
    • January 2014: People buying insurance on their own get subsidies to help them pay their monthly insurance premiums. Premiums are allocated on a sliding scale, as determined by income. Any individual earning over 400% of the poverty level ($43,320 in 2009) does not qualify for subsidies.
    • January 2014: Insurance companies are required to provide health insurance to any adult aged 19 to 64 who applies for coverage.
    • January 2014: To prevent people from waiting until they get sick to buy health insurance, the ACA requires all Americans to buy health insurance or pay a fine. The fine starts at $95 for an individual in 2014 and goes up each year until 2016, when the fine is $695 or 2.5% of a person’s annual income, whichever is greater

    Actual events that occurred as a result of the Affordable Care Act – 2011 to 2014
    • January, 2011: In 2011, insurance companies had to ensure the value for premium payments. If insurance companies did not spend at least 80% to 85% of premiums on care (for individual, small group markets and large group) the difference is sent to customers in a refund.
    • January 2011: A Florida judge rules that elements of the Affordable Care Act are unconstitutional.
    • November 14, 2011: The US Supreme Court agrees to hear arguments in the Obamacare case brought by 26 states and the National Federation of Independent Business. It argues that elements of the Affordable Care Act are unconstitutional.
    • June 28, 2012: The US Supreme Court upholds the major provisions of the Affordable Care Act.
    • August 2012: The White House confirms the ACA’s “contraceptive mandate” for women’s preventive services without cost-sharing: HIV screening, contraception counseling, and domestic violence support services.
    • November 6, 2012: President Obama is re-elected, effectively ensuring the ACA will survive.
    • July 2, 2013: The White House agrees to a one-year delay for large businesses to provide workers with affordable health care.
    • October 1, 2013: Healthcare.gov, the federal exchange serving 36 states, experiences technical difficulties and eventually goes offline before reopening on December 2, 2013.
    • May 1, 2014: The US Department of Health and Human Services announces that more than 8 million people enrolled in a health insurance plan during the first Open Enrollment Period (OEP).
    • March 4, 2015: The U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS) hears oral arguments for King v. Burwell, a lawsuit challenging U.S. Treasury regulation, 26 C.F.R. § 1.36B-2(a)(1), issued under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). King argues that the ACA only allows subsidies to be distributed through state-run exchanges, and that regulations implemented by the IRS exceed the authority granted to it by Congress. (Read eHealth’s white paper on King vs. Burwell.)
    • June 25, 2015:  The Supreme Court ruled 6-3 that subsidies could be distributed through Healthcare.gov, the Federal Exchange, if a state did not set up its own exchange.
    • Tuesday, November 8, 2016: Donald Trump is elected to be the next president of the United States.
    • November 20, 2016: Vice President-elect, Mike Pence, says “President-elect Donald Trump will prioritize repealing President Barack Obama’s landmark health care law right “out of the gate” once he takes office.

    Davalon, B. (2020). History and Timeline of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). eHealth Insurance.

    ]]>     2021-08-16 22:01:51 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1681067651     Politics of Healthcare leading to the ACA higmanja https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1682294977
  • The politics of healthcare come from the economics 
  • The benefits that some receive stem from the misallocation of resources in the existing system
  • From 1998 to 2005 drug companies spent a total of $800 million in lobbying and campaign donations, more than any other industry. 
  • In 2003 Congress enacted the Medicare drug bill and its prohibition against volume discounts, pharmaceutical companies spent $116 million lobbying the federal government 
  • Hoping that healthcare reform on the rise the industry spent $552 million lobbying in 2009 and another $482 million during the 2012 election
  • There are many different organizations that work with different levels of healthcare needs, each organization focuses on the best interest of their intended clientele. 
  • The political free for all regarding healthcare leads to incremental policy change 
  • The needs are universal healthcare, affordable drugs, full parity for mental health, but little of these needs, if any, are met
  • Often the political breakthroughs create a wave of money and influence for the organizations creating the problem

    • ]]>     2021-08-17 14:49:37 UTC https://padlet.com/higmanja/3io072q6w7g1aarp/wish/1682294977