(Answer for all 3 aspects!)

Additionally, for your case study that you have selected, classify the type of Cybersecurity threat that it showcases. Choose from:

• Website Defacement

• Phising

• Malware Infection

(Read up on TB Pg 106 if you need a clearer idea on the definition of each type of security threat)

The attack was were not a direct result of globalization's drivers. However, it did expose how globalization, with its increased interconnectedness and mobility, created vulnerabilities for large-scale attacks.

It impacted the US as it was a large scale attack that killed many. Hence, the Government took more actions in ensuring the safety of their country such as commencing immediate rescue operations at the World Trade Center site, grounding civilian aircraft, as well as beginning a long-term response that included official investigations, legislative changes, military action, and restoration projects.

• Data breach: Sensitive employee data, internal emails, and unreleased films were stolen and leaked.

• Destructive malware: Hackers used wiper malware to delete data from Sony's systems, making recovery very difficult.

• Extortion & threats: The hackers demanded Sony pull the movie The Interview, threatening attacks on theaters that showed it.

Q2. Organization

Q3. Technological advancements such as the widespread use of the internet and improving global communication networks allowed news of the case to spread worldwide, the organization was made aware of the incident even though they weren't directly involved. Thus they were able to access information to produce this case study

Q4. Individuals : Loss of privacy, personal data of thousands of employees were leaked, celebrities were exposed, leading to reputational damage and potential identity theft. Individuals who had their privacy violated experienced emotional damage.

Businesses: Sony lost over 100million dollars from the data breach. Trust between business partners was also affected.

Governments/society: The US government blamed North Korea for the cyber attack, leading to increased tensions between the governments.

1. This case study was carried out by an organisation

2. Due to technological advancement of social media to spread terrorist propaganda and recruit members. Social media is a global platform that connects people all over the world, allowing for easy communication to plan translational operations and obtain resources and funding.

3. Impact on individuals: loss of loved ones, homes, influenced by the different ideologies, changing their attitudes and beliefs. Lead to loss of jobs as businesses need to spend money on reparations.

   Impact on businesses: The damaged infrastructure will cost a lot of money, leading to a decrease in profit and the businesses will have to cope by the retrenchment of workers.

   Impact on government/society: Economic downturn due to the large amount of money needed for reparations of damaged infrastructure. Reputation affected as the government was unable to act quickly to respond to the terrorist attack.

Why is it transnational : the attackers were from different countries and they trained in Afghanistan and operated in the U.S. They took advantage, of their freedom and ability to fly to different countries.

Organisation : al-Queda

Impacts : affects the entire country, as it killed many, caused economic loss, and grievances. This also impacted other countries indirectly

This case study that we have selected talks about how an organisation set up fake websites with enticing promotions to attract people to click onto the link and key in their credit cards details to be able to receive the free gifts from the promotion. Phishing is a form of a cybersecurity threat in an attempt to acquire sensitive data. Hence, this case study is a form of a cybersecurity.

2. an organisation carried it out

3. Technological advancements

   • development in digital technology has caused the spread of such fake news to a wide range of people and have found ways to edit the website to look real which makes people believe them and therefore, tech has open the doors for such issues to occur.

Impact of case study on,

Individuals:

-people who get scammed lose money

Businesses:

-affected as people may think that it is the actual website and buy these deals when there actually is not a deal

Government:

-have to take action to reduce the impact and also have to warn people of it

Guiding Questions:

1. It is an example of phishing. The case study shows an attempt from the perpetrator to acquire sensitive data, like the credit card number from the victims, through fake email links and SMS to obtain important information like the OTP (one-time password). The attacker is pretending to be a lawful employee of the bank.

2. Organization.

3. It is with the advancement of digital technology. Many of our daily activities are carried online, including internet banking and keeping our money online. The improvement in technology have also made it easier for people to access and store information online.

4. Impact on

   • Individuals: Privacy concerns, would be wary and fearful when putting sensitive information online

   • Businesses: Loss in income, loss of customers, reputational damages

   • Government/Society: Dangerous, not trustworthy, government lose trust