Unit 3 Padlet by Aaron Stitt https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii Sensory and Perception en-us 2016-10-07 13:07:32 UTC 2016-10-26 12:50:29 UTC hello@padlet.com I can understand the difference between top down and bottom up processes of sensation and perception. aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/129760636 Perceptual Set - Influenced by surroundings
Priming - Setting up surroundings to facilitate a result

Perception comes from top down and Sensation comes from bottom up. Top down processing can cause features to be ignored or amplified in importance, as well as predicted with background information

Absolute Threshold - A minimum amount of stimulus that is required for your brain to perceive it 50% of the time

Sensory Adaptation - When your senses adapt to repeated stimuli, causing your awareness of it to dwindle

Inattentional blindness - Unable to perceive something in front of you due to a different source of concentration.

Difference Threshold - The minimum difference between two things that is required for a perceptional difference (Weber's Law)]]> 2016-10-11 12:05:28 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/129760636 I can understand the difference between absolute, subliminal, and difference thresholds aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130090870 Your sensation is more important because without sensation there would not be anything to perceive.

The higher the intensity of a stimulus the higher the amount of change required to notice a difference.

Signal Detection Theory - Looks at the effects of background of stimulus and bias on perception]]> 2016-10-12 12:05:38 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130090870 I can understand the parts and path of vision aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130396660 Aqueous Humor - Pocket of liquid behind the cornea that allows the eye to remain round
Cornea - Protects the eye
Pupil - Also controls how much light comes in. Contracts in bright light and relaxes in dim
Iris - Muscle control of how much light comes in and also perceives color
Lens - Flexible part of the eye that focuses and bends light onto the retina.
Accomodation - Lens changes shape according to distance. Round up close and flat for far.
Fovea - Point of central focus at the back of the eye, only cones
Optic Nerve - Highway of nerve fibers that transmits visual information to the brain
Retina - Lining on back of eye that contains cones and rods
Rods - peripheral vision, black/white
Cones - Center field of vision, colors
Blind Spot - Point where the optic nerve leaves the eye that has no rods or cones
Vitreous Humor - Between Lens and the Retina, protects lens when it changes shape


]]> 2016-10-13 12:02:02 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130396660 Vision Path aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130406569 Optic Chiasm - Point where the optic nerves cross
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus -
Retina
  • Rods outnumber Cones by 20:1
  • Bipolar Cells - Specialized neurons connect to rods and cones
  • Ganglion Cells - Sends info to the thalamus
  • Magnocellur Cells (M cells) - Detect Motion
  • Parvocellur Cells - Detects color and identity
Transduction - When light goes through the layers of the retina
]]> 2016-10-13 12:39:28 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130406569 I can learn color theories and visual cues aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130706410 Parallel Processing - Processing of several aspects of a problem simultaneously (color, form, and motion)

Trichromatic Theory - Each cone is only sensitive to one of red, blue, green
Opponent Process Theory - Three kinds of cones that work in pairs
  • Red and Green
  • Blue and Yellow
  • Black and White


]]> 2016-10-14 12:23:02 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/130706410 I can differentiate between binocular and monocular cues aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131096164 Color Constancy - Perception of familiar objects as having a constant color even in changing light
Depth Perception - 2 dimensions fall on retina; perceive as 3D. Depth Perception at 6 months
Constancy
  • Color
  • Shape
  • Size
  • Location
  • Brightness
Interposition - One object blocks the view of another
Relative Size - Closer objects have larger retinal images
Relative Clarity - Hazy objects are farther away than clearer objects
Texture Gradient - Coarse, Distinct textures are closer than finer, indistinct
Relative Height - Objects higher in the visual field appear farther away
Relative Motion - Movement of self causes stable items to appear to move
Linear Perspective - Parallel lines appear to converge in distance
Shadowing - Nearer objects reflect more light than farther objects
Retinal Disparity - Difference between the images of the two eyes
Convergence - Cue for perceiving depth; eyes move closer towards inward object
Stereoscopic Vision - Combine 2 retinal images to create 3D perception
Stroboscopic Movement - Children's flip books
Autokinetic Illusion - Perceived motion created by single stationary object from basic movement of eyes

]]> 2016-10-17 12:12:03 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131096164 Sound aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131117722 Monaural Cue - Louder sounds means closer sound
Binaural Cue - Stereophonic - Stero: Multi directional audio perspective]]> 2016-10-17 13:08:46 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131117722 The Ear aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131432277 Pinna - Outer Ear
Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup - 3 bones behind ear drum that vibrate
Oval Window - Vibrated by stirrup to transfer sound into liquid
Cochlea - Change the sound into electrical signals
Vestibular Organ - Helps balance]]> 2016-10-18 12:31:13 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131432277 Auditory Theory aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131436747 Place Theory - The ability to hear different pitches of sound due to location of the neuron on the Basular membrane on the Cochlea
Frequency Theory - Neurons fire at the same rate of sound frequencies
Volley Principle - Two patters of neuron firing combine to make one frequency]]> 2016-10-18 12:42:47 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131436747 Ear Damage aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131437811 Conductive Hearing loss - A hole in your ear drum prevents vibration]]> 2016-10-18 12:45:25 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/131437811 Olfactory Sense aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/132662616
  • Extremely Sensitive (5 million receptors)
    • Epithlium -  mucous membrane at the top of your nose
    • Only sense that doesn't go to your Thalamus
    • Direct connection to the Limbic System

    ]]>     2016-10-24 12:25:28 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/132662616     Gustation (Taste) aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/132663601 Taste buds (Papillae) - Receptor cells for taste
    Different from flavor
    5 tastes - Salty, sour, bitter, sweet, and umami
    Taste preferences at birth

    ]]>     2016-10-24 12:28:53 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/132663601     Skin senses aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/132664185
  • Brain is most sensitive to unexpected stimulation
  • Certain areas of your body have more concentrated tactile nerve endings than others
  • Controlled by the Sensory Cortex
    • Kinesthesis - Sense of body parts and position
    Vestibular Sense - Monitors head position and movement
    Semicircular Canals - Helps balance
    Vestibular Sacs - Fluid with cochlea, causes dizziness
    • Things that affect pain - Mindset, Culture, Cognition, Physiological 
    Gate Control Theory - Neurological gate in spine that accepts or rejects pain signals
    Endorphins - Natural Pain killer
    • Sensations - pressure, warmth, cold, pain
    ]]>     2016-10-24 12:30:43 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/132664185     What are arguments for and against receiving a cochlear implant?After receiving cochlear implants what are some of the benefits and struggles that are experienced? aaronsti2364 https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/133288691 Cochlear implants could cause the recipient to lose their deaf culture.
    The recipient does get to experience the hearing world.

    ]]>     2016-10-26 12:31:40 UTC https://padlet.com/aaronsti2364/3h0xfcii9vii/wish/133288691