Where: Europe

Summary: The scientific revolution can be defined as the period in which modern science emerged. This included developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, anatomy, and chemistry. The change to science occurred because scientists and philosophers were now able to collaborate with others to make advances, scientists realized the insufficiency of medieval experimental methods, more people had education, and the British Royal Society helped validate science. A few of the main advancements included a model of the solar system, a better understanding of human anatomy, and the invention of the first calculator.

Where: Europe

Summary: The Columbian Exchange was a widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the Americas, the Old World, and West Africa in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Where: Vietnam

Summary: The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States.

Where: China

Summary: The Ming Dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu who believed in military discipline and respect of authority. During his rule, the population of China doubled and was known for its trade expansion. During the Ming Dynasty, the Great Wall of China was restored. Literature thrived during this time and novels began to gain popularity.

Where: France

Summary: The French Revolution began with its citizens’ disapproval of French monarchy and economic policies under the rule of King Louis XVI. With fear of a military coup, Parisian rioters stormed the Bastille fortress which is considered to be the start of the Revolution. In 1791, a constitution was created that gave people the rights they wished for. Soon after, the king and queen were executed which was followed by more violence in the revolution. The revolution ended as general Napoleon Bonaparte became the new leader.

13th to 17th century.

Where:

West Africa

Summary:

The Empire of Mali was formed when a ruler named Sundiata Keita united the tribes of the Malinke peoples. He then led them to overthrow the rule of the Soso. Over time, the Mali Empire became stronger and took over surrounding kingdoms including the Empire of Ghana.

November 9, 1989

Where:

Berlin

Summary:

Five days after half a million people gathered in East Berlin in a mass protest, that the Berlin Wall dividing communist East Germany from West Germany crumbled. East German leaders had tried to calm mounting protests by loosening the borders, making travel easier for East Germans

Where: everywhere, sort of. mostly starting from Europe.

Summary: European countries had started branching outwards and discovering new regions aside from their own.

Where: Took place all of the middle east, and parts of modern day egypt

Summary: The crusades were a series of wars that were started all because of religion. These wars were between Christians and Muslims. These wars started primarily, because both of these religious groups didn't want to share the same holy grounds.

Where:  The Mongol Empire was massive. It ended up spreading almost all the way throughout Asia and Europe before its fall.

Summary: At its peak, the empire was about 9 million square miles big which makes for the biggest empire known. The Mongol Empire was full of a variety of different religions, like Buddhism, Shamanism, Tengrism, and even a little bit of Christianity. The Mongols were aggresive expanders, they always wanted more and more land, which led to them becoming the largest empire known.

When: 1939-1945 

Where: the pacific, and Europe 

Summary: World War II started in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland. Great Britain and France responded by declaring war on Germany. The war in Europe ended with Germany's surrender on May 7, 1945. The war in the Pacific ended when Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945.

When: November 20, 1910 - 1924

Where: Mexico

Summary: The people of Mexico revolted against the dictator Diaz because he was turning against their constitutional values. They turned into a constitutional republic.

When: May 5th 1789 - November 9th 1799

Where: Paris, France

Summary: The people of France revolted against the absolute monarchy that governed them. The revolution led to Napoleon's dictatorship. Overall, the people wanted to change the relationship between them and their rulers.

Where:

Israel, Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Kuwait.

Summary:

This war was Started by Iraq when they invaded Kuwait over disputes in oil and production disputes .The United States led a coalition of 35  Nations .It was code named Operation Desert Shield For the lead-up and it was called Operation Desert Storm in its combat phase.

It started in September 1, 1939 And ended September 2,  1945 

Where:

It took place mostly in Europe, Asia, Africa and  the islands in the Pacific Ocean.

Summary:

World War 2  started as a result of  World War 1. Adolf Hitler gained power and invaded Poland. After a few weeks of backlash the war started. There was all out War for 6 years  until the invasion of Germany and  atomic bombings of Japan.

Summary:The Opium Wars were two wars waged between the Qing Dynasty and Western powers. The First Opium War was fought between the Qing and Great Britain. It was started by the dynasty's campaign against the British merchants who sold opium to Chinese merchants. The Second Opium War was fought between the Qing and Britain and France. In each war, the European forces used modern military technology to easily defeat the Qing forces.

Where: Kamakura, Japan

Summary: Three main Shogunates ruled Japan for centuries(Kamakura, Ashikaga, and Tokugawa). Shoguns were military leaders appointed by the Emperor. Shoguns worked with civil servants, who managed tax and trade. They also worked with Daimyo(wealthy landowners), and the samurai who were hired by the Daimyo. 

Where: The Plague is believed to have originated in China. Spreading through the trade routes, it reached Northern Africa, the Mediterranean, and Europe.

Summary: The plague was a devastating Epidemic in the mid-1300s. The plague was a disease that was caused by bacteria that was circulated among wild rodents where they lived in great numbers like a city. Fleas being inflected by the rats would then bit humans and infect them. It killed 25 million people and people would get lymph nodes on their skin that became blacken and swollen.

-Alec Maurer

Where: Vietnam

Summary: The Vietnam War was communist North Vietnam against South Vietnam. The U.S. was a South Vietnam ally helping to stop communism. 58,000 US troops died in Vietnam and about 550,000 were stationed there. Public opinion began to turn against the U.S. involvement in the war and there was increased pressure to end the war.

-Alec Maurer

Where: italy

Summary: it was a period of history marking the transition from the middle aged to modernity. It was a rebirth of culture over europe, by the change of the middle ages.

Where: it began in britain

Summary: the first industrial revolution was the change in britain, that soon spread to the rest of the world. It was a change in manufacturing processes.

Where: Europe, Middle East, Africa, Asia. ( Aka Afro Eurasia.) 

Summary: The Black Death was an infectious and perilous bacterial infection that had swept nearly the entirety of the world. (Excluding the Americas, both North and South.) The bacterial infection  had first initially started in Mongolia in 1320. This had then led to the spread of the virus to Mongolia’s East Asian (China, etc.) and South Asian (India, etc.) neighbors as well as parts of the Middle East (Perisa, etc.) and Africa, (Egypt, etc.). As a result of this, it had subsequently led into getting into the international trade routes via The Silk Road, which had supported the bacterial infection’s increase in overall cases due to Its practices of exchange. Byproducts of trading methods had included: Personal international barters, and trade ships. Moreover, the bacterial infection had first reached Europe in Italy, Messina from trade ships that had contained rats that had fleas that were infected with the plague. The baterierial infection had spread from mammal to mammal upon the death of the rat, which had then inevitably started directly affecting Italian Europeans and other Euro-ethnic groups as time progressed on. To sum up everything that has been stated so far, the Black Death was a perilous bacterial pandemic that had such a high fatality rate (Only including Europe’s Death toll.) that it had killed a total of 25 million people which was the third of the continent’s population.

Where: East Asia, China 

Summary: The founder of the Ming Dynasty was Emperor Taizu (Aka Zhu Yuanzhang.) was most significantly known for Its trade expansion and ties to the West, as well as its drama, literature, and world-renowned porcelain. Taizu was known for ruling with an iron fist, and had created a military that was not only formidable, but had a strong sense of justice and discipline. When the time came for Taizu’s thrown to be succeeded, his grandson was supposed to have taken charge but one of Taizu’s sons, Chegzu, had ignited a Civil War which had led him to taking power in the end. Moreover, Chengzu had launched ships all across asia to expand the Chinese tribute system to other countries. However this was then replaced by maritime trade which saw China exporting Silk and allowing a European presence in the empire. During this time, publishing had boomed in China  and literature had become affordable in which everyone could purchase all sorts of genres most notably drama! Porcelain had become perfected with its technique of the product being made and was one of the most beloved exports when initially invented by the Tang dynasty. Although there were many great achievements and contributions of the Ming Dynasty, it had eventually ended with it being partly undone by fiscal problems that resulted in a calamitous collapse.

When: 1346-1353

Where: Speculated to have began in China, the plague spread throughout the world via trade routes, infecting Europe, the Mediterranean, and Northern Africa

Summary: The Plague devastated the world in the 1300's. Rats carried the disease, spreading it to fleas that bit the mice, and said fleas would then infect humans by biting them. This epidemic took the lives of over 25 million people, inflicting all sorts of horrific symptoms like pus-filled lumps on the skin.