https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1 https://padlet.com/marinamcree/ en-us 2019-01-11 12:38:53 UTC 2025-12-03 00:00:28 UTC hello@padlet.com marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319637451 Parnitha is the highest mountain in the Attica basin. The core zone of the Park comprises the high peaks of Parnitha, an area of c. 3,800 hectares, and most of that area (90%) is covered with Abies cephalonica. Around the core lies the buffer zone, and is covered with Pinus halepensis. Three vegetation zones can be identified on Parnitha. The first vegetation zone extends from 300-800m and is dominated by pine forests, macchie and phrygana. Above 800m, pines create a mixed forest with firs. The second vegetation zone extends from 900-1.400m and is dominated by fir forest, brushwood and grasslands. The third vegetation zone is observed on the highest mountain summits. It is vestigial and consists of spiny, cushion-like bushes.
The main substrates of Mt Parnitha are sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, formed c. 570-1 million years ago. Schists and marbles are the most common substrates, followed by schist (which appear in the valleys) and some flysch.
There are many invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals living in Mt. Parnitha. Furthermore, it sustains a significant number of red deer (Cervus elaphus).
Source: http://www.parnitha-np.gr/ 2019
Source (photo): Marina Makri, 2018]]> 2019-01-11 13:00:32 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319637451 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319639358 The vascular flora of Mt Parnitha comprises c. 1,100 taxa, 92 of which are Greek endemics and 42 are Balkan endemics (Aplada, 2003). Two species are exclusive Parnitha endemics: the bellflower (Campanula celsii ssp. parnesia) and the catchfly of Parnitha (Silene oligantha ssp. parnesia).
Source: http://www.parnitha-np.gr/ 2019]]> 2019-01-11 13:07:22 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319639358 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319639757 In 1961 the entire mountain (~25,000 hectares) was declared a National Park. Parnitha has also been included in NATURA 2000 network and has been declared a special area for the protection of birds (SPA), as well as a landscape of particular natural beauty (25638/1269 decision of the Ministry of Agriculture). Of the animals living on Parnitha, 23 bird species, 12 mammal species (bats especially) and 12 amphibian and reptile species are included in the Annex of "Strictly protected" fauna species in the Bern Convention.
Source: http://www.parnitha-np.gr/ 2019]]> 2019-01-11 13:08:31 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319639757 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319639786 Litter
Forest fires ( big fire 2007 )
Illegal hunting
Fir necrosis
Pine diseases
Various facilities
Source: http://www.parnitha-np.gr/ 2019

]]> 2019-01-11 13:08:38 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319639786 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319959517 Fir necrosis
Source: http://www.parnitha-np.gr/ 2019 ]]> 2019-01-12 16:30:07 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319959517 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319959566 Mt Parnitha after fire 2007
Source: http://www.parnitha-np.gr/ 2019]]> 2019-01-12 16:30:40 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319959566 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319967002 The wolves were brought in because the increased elk population was overgrazing the deciduous, woody species such as aspen and cottonwood. It was an excellent act of introducing wolves back to the park. Elk and wolves has prey - predator relation, so wolves started to hunt and eat the elk. That had as a result the decrease in elk population. Consequently, vegetation start to grow in greater number and that was appealing for many small animals. All  the ecosystem became more functioning and all the food chains were back to "normal".]]> 2019-01-12 17:43:44 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/319967002 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/320065439 Predator-prey relation: 1. Wolf  (Canis lupus) - deer (Cervus elaphusshort-toed eagle (Circaetus gallicus)  -  snakes
Ecological niche for red deer: Red deer like open woodlands and they avoid dense unbroken forests, and can be seen in coniferous swamps, aspen-hardwood forests, clear cuts, and coniferous-hardwood forests. These deer are social animals, living in summer herds with up to 400 individuals. The herds are matriarchal, being dominated by a single female. Seasonal migrations occur, with deer moving to higher elevations for the summer, and to lower elevations over winter. Red deer have an important impact on the plant communities where they live, due to their browsing. They serve as an important prey during certain times of the year for some large predators, including brown bears ( animalia.bio 2019)
Ecological niche for Balkan whip snake: The Balkan whip snake is a diurnal, ground-dwelling species though it does sometimes clamber through low vegetation. It is fast and agile and feeds on lizards, large insects such as grasshoppers, nestling birds and small mammals. (www.iucnredlist.org 2019)

Niche partitioning: Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) and Common buzzard Buteo buteo share the same food category, from small mammals, small birds and amphibians. They separate their food by hunting different times in a day. Eurasian eagle-owl hunts mostly during the night, while Common buzzard is more active during daylight.]]> 2019-01-13 16:57:13 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/320065439 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/320072519 In 2007, there was a catastrophic fire in mt Parnitha and 48, 74 acres were burned. That had as a result the death of many animals and the necrosis of the vegetation. 457 hectares were reforested, but it wasn't enough in order to bring back the biodiversity of the mountain.  Furthermore, the increasing deer population has a negative impact on vegetation growth and the introduction of more mammals, due to  lack of food.]]> 2019-01-13 17:46:36 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/320072519 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/320073343 2019-01-13 17:52:42 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/320073343 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/322393985 In 2007, a big fire occurred in Parnitha.  There was extremely habitat degradation. 
* 48,744 acres of land were burned in total, of which approximately 36,338 acres are part of the Parnitha National Park.
* 62% of the famous fir-tree forests of Parnitha (21,800 acres) was destroyed.
*Several animals, such as turtles, various mammalian species, birds and reptiles, lost their lives.
*It is estimated that about 30-50 red deer were either burned or died from asphyxia during the fire. (WWF 2019)

Due to climate change, extreme events like fires and flash flood are more likely to happen in near future. The mountain of Parnitha is an area prone to these events. Another big fire will destroy the ecosystem which tries to recover from the last one. If fire happens and the flash flood occurs then there will be huge erosion  in the habitat. This will have major consequences in biodiversity, in flora and fauna level.

]]> 2019-01-19 13:37:28 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/322393985 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/322394150 I need more creativity. However, I do have videos and pictures. But creativity is something that I need to develop, using more color,  graphs, using fun and fascinating ways to show results.]]> 2019-01-19 13:39:44 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/322394150 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/322400239 (Source : WWF 2019)]]> 2019-01-19 14:53:51 UTC https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/322400239 marinamcree https://padlet.com/marinamcree/3buni7apo7f1/wish/326370899

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