Ex:

• There was a dramatic growth in the number of factories in Japan to 120.000 in 2010, followed by a sharp decrease to 1,000 in 2015.

• There was a considerable increase to 1500 in the number of children doing athletics in 2010, followed by a gradual decrease to 1200 in 2015.

2/ Xu hướng trước, before + xu hướng sau (V-ing)

• The number of factories in Japan experienced an increase to 120,000 in 2010, before hitting a free fall to 1,000 in 2015.

3/ Xu hướng sau, after + xu hướng trước (V-ing)

• The figure for factories in Japan hit a free fall to 1,000 in 2o15, after undergoing an increase to 120,000 in 2010.

4/ start(ed) off with / stand (stood) at (điểm đầu tiên)

5/ despite + Nph/V-ing diễn tả xu hướng ở phía trước mà không quan trọng lắm

. By contrast, despite some minor fluctuations around 10 to 15% during the first 20 years, the figure for zoo visitors then significantly increased to 20% in the final year.

6/ Structure for predictions (dùng cho những bài cho thời gian kéo đến tương lai): to be expected/forecasted/likely to + V

7/ Diễn tả năm dùng giới từ:

In/By + năm

Over the next X years (diễn tả sự thay đổi sau bao nhiêu năm)

, then showed with level between 6and6.5 milion tons from 2010 to 2040

Region 3 showed a steady increase in CO2 emissions. In 2000, the figure was about 3.5 million tonnes. This rose gradually, and by 2020, it had reached around 5.5 million tonnes. The growth is expected to continue, and by 2040, emissions may hit nearly 6.5 million tonnes.

Region 5 had the lowest emissions, remaining under 2 million tonnes from 2000 to 2040.

Overview: It can be seen that the amount of CO2 is increasing slowly

1/ who + V (chỉ người làm S)

2/ whom + S + V (chỉ người làm O)

3/ which + V (chỉ vật)

4/ that (có thể thay cho who, whom, which)

5/ whose + N + V (sở hữu)

II. Relative adverbs (Trạng từ quan hệ):

6/ where + S + V (chỉ nơi chốn)

7/ when + S + V (chỉ thời gian)

8/ why + S + V (chỉ lí do)

câu5:Internet usage triple from 10% to 30%

• "-fold" words:

• twofold, threefold, fourfold, sixfold: làm Adj hoặc Adv

• Vd: increased twofold / twofold increase

4. Online learning participation rise 3 times as much as during the pandemic

Overall, younger age group had higher education levels than older age group ones in most countries, except Germany where both groups were similar.

In Germany and the USA, about 85–90% of both age groups completed high school, with a slight increase among younger adults in the USA. Russia also saw a rise from around 75% to over 90%.

South Korea showed the most dramatic gap, from about 60% to nearly 95%.In contrast, Brazil and China had much lower figures. Brazil increased from 30% to 60%, while China remained the lowest, with under 20% for older adults and just over 30% for younger ones.

It is clear that Germany and USA have the largest number of adults aged 55-64 years old with high school education level, while Korea has the biggest number of adults aged 25-34 years old.

As can be seen from the bar chart, the highest percentage of high school education level in the older age group was USA with more than 90% people. Similarly, German and Russian older age group were the nest two highest with the percentage of 90% and 70%. On the other hand, the percentage of the younger group attaining high school education level in USA, Germany and Russia, respectively were 90%, over 80% and more than 90%.

Of the other countries, South Korea has the largest younger age group attaining high school education level. Brazil and China younger age group percentage were low, with about 50% and 20%. In contrast to the first 3 countries, South Korea, Brazil and China had a low number of the older age group attaining high school education, respectively more than 40%, over 20% and 10%.

Overall, The country with the highest number of adults with a high school education are Germany and USA. In which, S.Korea is the country with the highest percentage of people aged 25-34

Looking at the chart is more detail, Germany, USA and Russia had the highest number of people with high school education of all. The percentages of people in (55-64 year-olds) older age group were, respectively 82%, 90% and 70%, and the vice versa, people in (25-34 year-olds) younger age group were, respectively 89% 89% and 91%

On the other hand, S.Korea, Brazil and Chian had lower percentages than the countries above Most significantly, S.Korea had the highest percentage of people in the younger age group of the 6 countries with 95%. When S.Korea has the highest percentage, China had the lowest percentage with 20%. At the same time, China was also the country with the lowest number of people in the older age group at all with, to with of only 10%

There were about 85% older age group of attaining high school in Germany while in China they only had 10% , the proportion of younger age group is 90% in Germany equal with younger age group in theUSA and % people age 55-64 year old in the USA is about 90% so high in six countries next the percentage of Russia have around 70% of older age group and 95% of younger age group . SKorea achieved an impressively high percentage of people in 25-34 year old was about 97% while people in 55-64 year old was 45% . Brazil and China had low educational attainment rates in six cuontries were 25 %and 10% of younger age group , 20% and 45% of older age group respectively

Overall, fossil fuels (petrol and oil, coal, natural gas) dominate and are projected to continue rising, while renewable sources remain low.

Petrol and oil had the highest usage, around 35 quadrillion units in 1980, and are expected to reach nearly 50 by 2030. Coal rose steadily from 15 to about 30 units, while natural gas fluctuated but is predicted to remain at around 25.

In contrast, nuclear, solar/wind, and hydropower stayed below 10 units throughout. Nuclear grew slightly and is expected to rise slowly. Solar and wind showed gradual growth, while hydropower remained almost unchanged.

Fossil fuels will continue to dominate U.S. energy use, with only modest increases in renewable sources by 2030.

Overall, petrol and oil were consistently the most used sources and are expected to remain dominant. Coal and natural gas also played major roles. In contrast, nuclear, solar/wind, and hydropower contributed much less and are projected to grow slowly.

Petrol and oil consumption started at about 35 quadrillion units in 1980. Despite a slight drop in the mid-1980s, it steadily increased and is predicted to reach nearly 50 by 2030. Coal started at around 15 units and is projected to rise significantly to about 30. Natural gas followed a fluctuating pattern and is expected to level off at about 25 units.

On the other hand, alternative energy sources have remained at relatively low levels. Nuclear power grew slightly from under 5 to around 7 quadrillion units and is predicted to increase marginally by 2030. Solar and wind energy followed a similar trend, starting below 2 quadrillion units and projected to reach about 5 quadrillion units. Hydropower, although initially a bit higher than solar/wind, remained nearly unchanged across the period.

Overall, non-renewable energy (petrol, oil and coal) always has a very high dominane . On the contrary, renewable energy (Nuclear, solar, wind and hydropower always tends to be very low.

In 1980, petrol and oil reached a peak

consumption of 35 quadrillion units, followed by natural gas and coal. By contrast, renewable energy stayed below 10 units

In 2030, petrol and gas diesel comsumption is expected to continue to rise sharly to 50 quadrillion units and remain at the top. Coal is expected to surpass natural gas by 30 and 24 quadrillion units, respectively. Most likely, renewable energy will remain below 10 quadrilion units as before

2/ Overview: nhìn vào xu hướng và độ lớn

3/ Động từ thể hiện chiếm tỷ trọng/phần trăm:

account for = take up = make up = constitute = consist of = comprise

4/ A similar/An opposite allocation (sự phân bổ) can be seen in the ...

5/ Multiplier word + "fold" words:

+) double, triple, quadruple, quintuple (có thể làm V hoặc Adj)

Ex: double (v) / a double increase (a)

+) twofold, threefold, fourfold, fivefold, sixfold (có thể làm Adj hoặc Adv)

Ex: a twofold increase (adj) / increase twofold (adv)

6/ Quy đổi phần trăm ra phân số:

Cách nói phân số trong Tiếng Anh:

Tử số dùng số đếm, mẫu số dùng số thứ tự

+) 1/2 và 1/4 là cố định

1/2: half

1/4: quarter

+) 100% chia 5:

20% = 1/5 = one-fifth

40% = 2/5 = two-fifths

60% = 3/5 = three-fifths

80% = 4/5 = four-fifths

+) 100% chia 4:

25% = 1/4 = one-quarter

75% = 3/4 = three-quarters

+) 100% chia 3:

33,3% = 1/3 = one-third

66,6% = 2/3 = two-thirds

7/ Cách viết Thân bài tương tự Line graph và Bar Chart, có thể chia theo năm (lưu ý thứ tự các đối tượng được so sánh ở 2 đoạn thân bài phải song song với nhau), có thể chia theo đối tượng (những đối tượng cùng tăng gộp vào 1 đoạn, đối tượng cùng giảm gộp vào 1 đoạn)

It is clear that the proportion of older visitors rose substantially over the 20-year period, while younger age groups accounted for smaller shares in 2003. The most significant changes occurred in the 25–34 and 55+ age categories.

Overall, the majority of people visting the UK are aged 36-54 but this declines significantly after that

Overall it is clear that the amount ò the younger visitor(0-15,16-24), and older visitor(55+) increase significant from 1983 to 2003. In contrast, the amount ò middle ages(25-34,35-54) decline

Overall, the aged group of visitors mostly falls into the aged group of about 35-54 years and the aged group of 55 years and above , while the aged group of 16-24 years uses very low sophistication

The two pie charts compare the proportion of visitors from the UK to Spain in five different age groups in 1983 and 2003.

Overview

Overall, there was a noticeable shift towards older age groups in 2003 compared to 1983. While people aged 25–34 accounted for the largest share in 1983, the 55+ group became much more prominent by 2003. In contrast, the percentage of younger visitors dropped significantly.

Overall, it can be seen that the proportion of visitors from 25-54 years old declined. Despite of the decline, the 35-54 age group still was the largest in both charts.

Overall, it is clear that the proportion of the younger visitor (0-15; 16-24) and older visitors (55+) increase significant from 1983 to 2003. The amount of middle ages (25-34;35-54) decline

It can be seen that London's underground railway system is the oldest while Los Angeles' is the newest and also the shortest of all six cities.

As can be seen from the table, London, Paris and Tokyo are the places with the highest indices.

London was built a long time ago, in 1863, and also has an impressive length of railway with 394 km, which is also the longest of all six cities.Tokyo has the most passengers using its underground railway system with 1927 million people while Paris is only 736 million less than Tokyo.

Of all the metro systems, Los Angeles had the latest, built in 2001.And the visitor numbers of Washington DC, Kyoto and Los Angeles were 144 million, 45 million and 50 million respectively.It can be seen that Kyoto is the city with the lowest number of underground railway users of all six cities with only 40 million people per year.

Overall, the table reveals a wide range in the age, size, and passenger volume of these underground railway systems. Older systems tend to be more extensive and serve a larger number of passengers, although there are exceptions.

London's underground railway, opened in 1863, is the oldest and most extensive with 394 kilometres of route, serving 775 million passengers annually. Paris, with its system established in 1900, has 199 kilometres of route and a significantly higher passenger volume of 1191 million. Tokyo, despite opening later in 1927 and having a shorter route of 155 kilometres, boasts the highest passenger numbers at 1927 million per year, indicating extremely high usage intensity.

In contrast, the more recently opened systems are generally smaller in scale. Washington D.C.'s system, opened in 1976, has 126 kilometres of route and 144 million passengers. Kyoto's railway, inaugurated in 1981, is considerably smaller with only 11 kilometres and 45 million passengers. Los Angeles has the newest system, opened in 2001, with 28 kilometres of route and 50 million passengers, making it the second smallest in terms of both length and passenger numbers.

Overall, the oldest underground system is in London, while the most recent is in Los Angeles. Tokyo has the highest number of passengers per year, whereas Kyoto has both the shortest route and the lowest ridership.

London’s underground system, which began in 1863, is not only the oldest but also has the longest network, stretching 394 kilometres and having 775 million passengers annually. In contrast, Los Angeles, the most recently opened system (2001), has a significantly shorter route of 28 kilometres and only 50 million passengers per year.

Paris and Tokyo both have well-established systems, opened in 1900 and 1927 respectively. Despite having a shorter route than Paris, Tokyo serves the most passengers at 1927 million annually, making it the busiest among the six cities.

On the other hand, Washington DC and Kyoto have relatively newer and smaller networks. Washington DC’s system, which opened in 1976, has 126 km of track and has 144 million passengers per year. Kyoto, with only 11 km of route, has the lowest ridership at 45 million.

Regarding borrowing categories, children’s fiction represented the highest proportion of loans at 33%, closely followed by adult fiction at 29%. Adult non-fiction made up 18%, while children’s DVDs and adult DVDs accounted for 10% and 8%, respectively, indicating lower interest in DVDs compared to books.

Between 2007 and 2011, the number of loans rose steadily from 47,000 to 58,000. After a slight dip to 52,000 in 2012, the figure increased again, peaking at 66,000 in 2016. Overall, the total number of loans grew by nearly 20,000 over the decade, showing a generally upward trend despite some minor fluctuations.

• phân chia theo độ tuổi: age distribution

  distribute (v) --> distribution (n): sự phân bổ, phân chia

• loan (n,v): cho vay, cho mượn; tiền cho vay; vật cho mượn

• Suggested introduction:

• The pie chart illustrates the age distribution of members in the Little Chalfont Library in 2016, while the table gives a breakdown of the total loans by category in the same year. At the same time, the bar chart gives information about the total number of loans over the period from 2007 to 2016.

2/ Overview: nhìn vào 3 hướng: xu hướng,

độ lớn, và sự chênh lệch.

• Pie chart: đa số thành viên đi mượn sách là người lớn độ tuổi 18-64

• Table: loại sách được mượn nhiều nhất/phổ biến nhất là children's and adults' fiction

• Bar chart: nói chung là có xu hướng tăng từ 2007 tới 2016, mặc dù có nhiều sự biến động nhưng cuối cùng đã được phục hồi và tiếp tục tăng trưởng ở cuối giai đoạn.

• Suggested overview:

• Overall, it can be obviously seen that the majority of library members are adults varied from 18 to 64 years old. In terms of the total loans, children's and adult fiction are the book items having the highest borrowing rate. In addition, the total number of loans generally witness an upward trend throughout the period despite some fluctuations.

3/ Body:

• Linking words used to lead in the description of a particular chart/graph: Looking at the ... in detail, In terms of,

  Regarding/With regards to,...

• phục hồi: recover, rebound

• chiếm bao nhiêu phần trăm dùng các động từ: make up, take up, acount for, represent, contribute, comprise, constitute,...

• chiếm phần trăm cao nhất: account for/make up/take up the largest percentage/proportion/portion/the majority; comprise/represent the largest segment; hold/account for the greatest/biggest/largest share

• chiếm phần trăm nhỏ/nhỏ nhất: viết ngược lại, dùng các adj như lowest, smallest,...

Body 1: phân tích cái pie chart: age distribution of library members

Looking at the pie chart in more detail, the percentage of library members aged 16-64 made up the largest segment with over a half of the total age distribution (51%), while children merely accounted for 22%. Young adults between 13 and 17 and adults 65 and over contributed smaller proportions, at only 12% and 15% respectively.

Body 2: phân tích cái table: total loans by category

In terms of the total categories in 2006, children's and adults' fiction books recorded similar percentages, each accounting for 38%. The proportion of adult non-fiction books, on the other hand, followed closely by 13%. Other categories including children's DVDs, children's non-fiction and adult audio books were least borrowed items, which accounted for 1% to 2%.

Body 3: phân tích cái bar chart: total number of loans (2007-2016)

Regarding the total number of loans from 2007 to 2016, it started off at about 15,000 in 2007, followed by a significant increase to around 21,000 after a period of four years. Although there was a slight dip in 2013, the number of loans quickly recovered and rebounded towards the end of the period, at around 22,000 in 2016.

Overall, the majority of book borrowers were adults aged 18-64, and the most frequently borrowed book types were children's and adult fiction. In addition, the total number of book borrowers increased significantly, although there was a slight fluctuation, but it recovered quickly.

Looking at the pie chart, we can see that the largest number of people who visited the library were adults (18-64) at 51%. Next were children with 22%. Finally, adults aged 65 and over and young adults (13-17) with percentages of 15% and 12% respectively.

In terms of book types lent out, children's and adult fiction books had the highest borrowing rate at 38%. Adult nonfiction followed with a borrowing rate of 13%. Other genres such as children's nonfiction, children's DVDs, young adult books, and adult audio books accounted for 6% or less.

From 2007 to 2016, total loans increased from 15,000 to 20,000 although there was a slight decline in 2013 but it has increased rapidly again.

Overall, the process stepped 9 stage. Starting from collecting plastic bottles and ending with producing with products.

The first step in the cycle involves individuals disposing of plastic bottles into a collection bin (Stage 1). Subsequently, a recycling truck collects these bins (Stage 2) and transports the bottles to a recycling centre. Here, the bottles are sorted (Stage 3) to separate them from other waste. Following sorting, they are compressed into large blocks (Stage 4) for efficient handling.

These blocks are then crushed into smaller pieces (Stage 5), which are subsequently washed (Stage 6) to remove impurities. The cleaned plastic pieces are then processed to produce plastic pellets (Stage 7). Finally, these pellets are heated to form a molten raw material (Stage 8), which can then be used to create new products such as bottles, t-shirts, or shopping bags,…

In general, the process consists of 9 steps, starting with the collection of plastic bottles in public trash cans and ending with the production of new plastic products.

This is also a circular process that helps transform plastic waste into reusable materials. First, people will throw used plastic bottles into recycling bins. Then these plastic bottles are collected and transported to the recycling center. There, the plastic bottles will be sorted and only suitable plastic bottles can be moved to the next step.

After sorting, the plastic bottles will be pressed into blocks for easier recycling. Next, these plastic blocks will be crushed into small pieces and then washed to remove dirt and impurities in the bottles. After that, these plastic pieces will be melted and made into plastic pellets. These plastic pellets are used as raw materials in products such as containers and other plastic items.

The diagram illustrates the step-by-step process of recycling plastic bottles. The process consists of nine distinct stages, from bottle disposal to the creation of new products.

Overview

It is clear that the process is a closed cycle, where used plastic bottles go through several physical and mechanical stages before being transformed into raw materials for producing new plastic goods.

Body Paragraph 1

Initially, people throw away plastic bottles into recycling bins. These bottles are then collected by garbage trucks and transported to a recycling facility. Once they arrive, the bottles are sorted manually to separate recyclable plastics from non-recyclable materials. After this, they are compressed into large blocks to prepare for further processing.

Body Paragraph 2

The blocks are subsequently crushed into small pieces, which are then washed thoroughly. The clean plastic fragments are melted using heat and turned into plastic pellets. These pellets act as the raw materials used in manufacturing various new products such as clothing, containers, and other plastic items, completing the recycling process.

In stage 6, the small clean produced are then poured into a machine where they are turned into pellets. It also heats the pellets, which creates raw material. Finally, the raw material is made into many different plastic products. After using, people will throw it away and the recycling will repeat itself.

Recycling .  Step 1  thrown garbage in the right place

Neẽt the trash will be taken by Garbage trucks for recycling. Step3 , it will be classified different types of waste into recyclable and non-recyclable types. Stage 4 ,Compress plastic into blocks then crush them and filter them again and produce them into raw materials. Last but not least ,manufacture them into useful items

After being washed, the plastic bottles producing into a machine that turn on to mill them. The pellet are heated to form material. The raw material can producing some products

There was a large location where was a Woodland and lake in 2000, although the placement was reduced in size and the lake was replaced with a pond so that the majority of trees were chopped down after 9 years. A residential area had been demolished and an industrial complex become larger than it was at the beginning of the period.

The process illustrates/demonstrates/delineates ...

2/ Overview:

Nêu lên quy trình đó trải qua tất cả bao nhiêu giai đoạn, giai đầu và cuối là gì

Overall, there are ... key stages / the process involves/undergoes ... main stages ..., beginning/starting with ..., and ending/finishing with ...

3/ Body:

Chia các giai đoạn thành 2 phần để miêu tả

• Các cấu trúc cần áp dụng:

  
  

• Passive Voice

  
  

• Rút gọn về participle phrase: before/after + V-ing, rút gọn 2 mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ V-ing (chủ động), PP (bị động), having + PP (chủ động), having been + PP (bị động) (* having PP và having been PP nhấn mạnh vào thứ tự trước sau)

  
  

• Ngôn ngữ chỉ thứ tự (Sequencing words):

  First(ly) - Then - Next - After that - ... - Final(ly); After/Before; following/Followed by; Once; Subsequent/Subsequently; In the first stage/next stage/At the final stage,...; The first/next/last step is ...; The process continues with ...

  
  

• Expressing purpose:

  to/in order to/so as to + V; to/for + V-ing/N-phrase; so that/in order that + clause

In 2000, the area was characterized by a mix of residential zones, an Arts Centre, and a school in the west. Towards the north, there were derelict warehouses and an Old Town. A large woodland area with a lake dominated the central-east, connected to a river flowing southwards. An industrial complex was located to the south-east of the river, with another residential area further south.

By 2009, substantial changes had occurred. The derelict warehouses were replaced by a car park and offices, while the Old Town made way for a university . The lake in the woodland shrunk considerably, becoming a pond. The Arts Centre was gone, and new facilities emerged, including a multi- screen cinema and a shopping centre, replacing some residential areas. The industrial complex remained, but the southern residential area expanded slightly. Overall, the area transformed from a more traditional and industrial landscape into a more modern, commercial, and educational hub.

Pursuing university education brings several important benefits. Firstly, it helps students gain deep knowledge and specialized skills, which increases their chances of finding a good job. Employers often prefer candidates with university degrees because they are seen as more responsible and better prepared. Secondly, people with higher education usually have better promotion opportunities and earn higher salaries. In addition, university life helps students develop soft skills such as communication, teamwork, and problem-solving, which are useful in both work and daily life. Finally, university is also a time for students to grow personally, make new friends, and explore their interests. For all these reasons, university education is a valuable step for future success.

Pursuing a university education offers a multitude of benefits that significantly enhance one's life and career. Firstly, it often leads to greater promotion prospects within a company, as graduates typically possess the advanced skills and knowledge required for leadership roles and career progression. Secondly, higher education is directly linked to a higher salary over a lifetime, providing greater financial stability and improved living standards. Moreover, while it might seem counterintuitive, university life can also cultivate skills and habits that ultimately lead to more time for personal hobbies later on. This is because a good education often results in more efficient work practices and potentially less demanding work hours in higher-paying professions, allowing individuals the luxury of pursuing their passions outside of work. In essence, a university degree is an investment that yields substantial returns in terms of career advancement, financial well-being, and personal fulfillment.

9. People save money so that they can realize their future plans.

10. Nowadays, university graduates are more unemployed than in the past.

2. Since the government began to incorporate technology into the education system, the work of teachers has become much easier than before.

8. Some children are forced to work from an early age.

9.Children who are put in classes of lower ability to lose confidence, and eventually they may feel depressed or show anti social behavior.

10.Some children have physical disabilities, so their parents have to hire private tutors to teach them at home no matter how much it costs.

2.Developed countries, which are facing an ageing population, are experiencing a labour shortage due to this demographic shift, which could damage their economies.

9. Compared to fossil fuels,renewable energy to recreate a reliable appearance and has a more affordable level of imitation

10. Online means of communication, including social networking sites and forums, are a very good way for learners to acquire knowledge.

Those who oppose homework argue that it can place an unnecessary burden on young learners. School days are already long and demanding, and assigning extra work leaves children with little time to rest or pursue other interests. For example, instead of engaging in sports, arts, or simply spending time with family, many students are forced to stay indoors to finish assignments. In addition, the pressure to complete homework can cause anxiety and reduce motivation, leading to rushed or copied work that provides little educational value.

In contrast, proponents of homework see it as a valuable extension of classroom learning. It offers an opportunity for students to consolidate their understanding of lessons, practise problem-solving, and strengthen memory retention. For instance, regular reading assignments can improve vocabulary, while science projects encourage curiosity and research skills. Furthermore, homework fosters habits such as self-discipline, perseverance, and time management — qualities that are essential for success later in life. It can also help parents stay informed about their child’s education and provide guidance where needed.

From my perspective, homework should remain part of the education system, but it must be carefully managed. Assignments should be purposeful, engaging, and appropriate for the student’s age and abilities. A balance should be struck so that children can enjoy both academic progress and personal development. Creative and practical tasks, such as presentations or community-based projects, could make homework more meaningful and less stressful.

In conclusion, homework can either be a source of unnecessary stress or a powerful learning tool, depending on how it is used. The challenge for educators is to design assignments that enrich students’ learning without overwhelming them.

On the one hand, it is undeniable that homework is very important for students because it helps them improve their self-discipline and consolidate their knowledge.

On the other hand, I believe that homework should not be given to students because it makes students stressed and depressed due to too much homework, no time to rest,...

In short, homework today is making students too stressed and bored.

On the one hand, critics argue that homework can cause stress and fatigue after long school hours. It may also take away time for sports, hobbies, and social interaction, which are vital for children’s overall development. In addition, many students complete assignments hastily or copy from others, which limits their learning value.

On the other hand, supporters believe homework helps consolidate classroom knowledge and develop important skills such as problem-solving, self-discipline, and time management. It also provides opportunities for parents to monitor their children’s progress and offer support.

In my view, homework should not be abolished but assigned in moderation. Well-designed and age-appropriate tasks, such as projects or practical applications, can make learning more meaningful without overwhelming students.

In conclusion, while too much homework can harm students’ well-being, balanced assignments can enhance both academic performance and personal growth.

The role of homework in a student's academic journey is a topic of considerable debate, with strong arguments on both sides. Proponents of homework highlight its crucial function in reinforcing knowledge acquired in the classroom. By revisiting and practicing concepts outside of school hours, students can solidify their understanding and improve their retention of information. This process is particularly beneficial for subjects like mathematics and languages, where repetition and practice are essential for mastery. Moreover, homework is often seen as a tool for developing key life skills such as time management, discipline, and responsibility. When students are tasked with managing their assignments independently, they learn to prioritize their work and meet deadlines, which are invaluable skills for their future academic and professional lives.

Conversely, a growing number of educators and parents are questioning the necessity of homework, pointing to its potential negative impacts on student well-being. One of the primary concerns is the sheer volume of homework, which can lead to significant stress, anxiety, and burnout. Students, especially those in higher grades, often face a constant pressure to complete assignments, leaving little to no time for relaxation, family, or extracurricular activities. This imbalance can hinder a child's holistic development and lead to a negative association with learning. Furthermore, some studies suggest that the academic benefits of homework are often overstated, particularly for younger students, who benefit more from play-based learning and social interaction. Ultimately, the debate highlights the need for a more balanced approach to education, one that considers not only academic achievement but also the mental and emotional health of students.

There are several reasons why people might argue that homework is an unnecessary burden on children. Firstly, there is evidence to support the idea that homework does nothing to improve educational outcomes. Countries such as Finland, where school children are not given homework, regularly top international educational league tables and outperform nations where setting homework is the norm. Secondly, many parents would agree that the school day is already long enough, and leaves their children too tired to do further study when they return home. Finally, it is recognised that play time is just as beneficial as study time from the perspective of brain development.

Conversely, homework, when used in moderation, offers several benefits. It reinforces classroom learning by providing students with an opportunity to practice and apply what they’ve been taught. It also cultivates responsibility and time management skills, which are crucial for success in later life. Additionally, homework can foster parental involvement in their child’s education, creating a supportive learning environment at home.

These are benefits of doing homework .Such as, assigning homework is a great way to develop self-study skill , self-awarness and responsibility in children. At home, teachers cannot supervise children's work as they would in class. On the hand , it is undeniable that doing homework has both advantages and disadvantages .For example, many teachers, due to not having enough time to explain and practice knowledge in class, assign homework to students. With these passive exercises like firefighting, it will take more time for children to learn and think to do the exercises. That further limits the time to rest and relax the child's brain.

In my opinion ,  I believe that homework should be given to students because the homework assigned by teachers is often basic or complex knowledge that children need time to learn more deeply. This knowledge contributes a very important part to the final exam. Therefore, if children diligently do their homework regularly, they will definitely have the knowledge and complete the final exam well however, teacher need to give just enough not too much so that students have time to relax and have fun. Our grandparents say "study without play is a waste of youth, play without study is a waste of future".

In conclusion,  doing homework has a certain role that we should play in studying instead of studying without any breaks

The first reason is the high price of housing in city centres. In most big cities, renting or buying an apartment close to work is very expensive. As a result, many people choose cheaper homes in the suburbs or countryside. Another reason is that life outside the city is often more peaceful and less stressful. There is less noise, cleaner air, and more space for children to play. In addition, modern transport systems and the growth of online work make it easier for people to travel to work from far away.

This trend has both positive and negative effects. On the positive side, people can save money and enjoy a better living environment. It can also reduce the population pressure in city centres. On the other hand, travelling long distances every day can be tiring and stressful. It also means more cars on the road, which can cause traffic problems and air pollution.

In conclusion, people choose to live far from work mainly because of cheaper housing and better living conditions. I believe this can be good if there are good transport options, but it can also cause problems if commuting takes too much time and damages the environment.

Firstly, I admit that living in cities is beneficial for people’s health to some certain extent. City dwellers can easily access fitness centers and recreation centers to improve their physical well-being and relieve stress, whereas those places might not be provided in the countryside.

However, I believe that some physical and mental health problems would likely be the result of city life. Pollutants including exhaust emissions from motor vehicles and coal ash from industrial parks and are the main culprits of a number of health problems including respiratory infections, heart disease and lung cancer. Heavy traffic congestion in some metropolises like Beijing often makes commuters feel frustrated, and busy lifestyles might deprive people their time to relax, negatively affecting their health.

In conclusion, while I agree that the advantages that city life would bring to urban citizens are undeniable, I believe that some clear negative consequences for their physical and psychological well-being should not be denied.

In recent years, a noticeable trend has emerged in large urban centers where an increasing number of people are opting to reside far away from their places of work. This essay will explore the primary reasons behind this phenomenon and then discuss whether this development should be viewed as a positive or negative trend.

The main reasons for this trend are multifaceted, but often revolve around economic and lifestyle factors. Firstly, the high cost of living, particularly housing, in central business districts forces many individuals and families to seek more affordable accommodation in suburban or even rural areas. These outer areas often offer more spacious homes with better amenities at a fraction of the price. Secondly, the desire for a better quality of life plays a significant role. Many people prefer a quieter, less congested environment away from the hustle and bustle of the city center. This often includes better schools, larger green spaces, and a stronger sense of community.

While this trend provides some benefits, it is largely a negative development. On the one hand, living away from the city center can improve mental health and provide a better environment for raising a family. However, the drawbacks are more significant. The most prominent negative effect is the increased time and stress associated with daily commuting. Longer travel times reduce the amount of time available for personal and family activities, leading to a poorer work-life balance. Furthermore, this trend contributes to increased traffic congestion and air pollution, as more people rely on private vehicles for their daily commute. Therefore, despite the personal benefits for some, this development poses a considerable challenge to urban sustainability and public well-being.

There are many reasons why many people choose to live far from where they work, but there are many big reasons. Firstly, houses in the city center are too expensive but too cramped, while buying or renting a house in the suburbs is much cheaper and more spacious. Secondly, many people prefer the quiet and fresh air instead of the noise and crowds of the city, so they often choose the suburbs.

This trend has both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side, people can easily relax and feel the fresh air and peace in the suburbs, which is not available in the city. On the negative side, commuting to work will take more time and effort when living in the suburbs than living in the city, traveling a long distance can make people feel tired and it is easier to encounter traffic jams.

In short, people choose to live in the suburbs mainly because of the affordable housing and the fresh air. But it would be better and easier if there were more public transport there because that would help reduce air pollution caused by too many people using their own vehicles.

The main advantage of tourism is its economic contribution. It provides jobs in hotels, restaurants, and transport, giving locals a stable income. Governments also gain revenue to restore heritage sites and improve public services. Another benefit is cultural exchange, as tourists introduce new traditions and ideas, helping societies become more open-minded. Tourism additionally encourages infrastructure development, such as better roads, airports, and hospitals, which serve both residents and visitors.

However, tourism also causes problems. It can harm the environment through waste, pollution, and damage to ecosystems like coral reefs. Local communities may suffer from higher living costs and overcrowding during peak seasons. Moreover, heavy dependence on tourism makes economies fragile, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic when international travel almost stopped.

In conclusion, while international tourism has some negative effects, its economic, cultural, and infrastructural advantages outweigh them. To maximize long-term benefits, governments should adopt sustainable tourism strategies that protect the environment and support local communities.

Nowadays, the ratio of employed people who suffer from different health-related issues is increasing faster than ever and their general health condition is deteriorating. Such a cataclysm has stemmed from work pressure, lack of physical exercise and dependency on machines to do our work. Exercise, encouragement from the employer and the government to do workouts, and finally, a balanced diet are the solutions to this problem.

One of the primary reasons for working people not to do enough or any exercise is the abysmal working conditions where working life is extremely competitive and full of anxiety. For instance, employers have constant deadlines and tough targets at their offices, and to achieve them, they have to work long hours each day. It drains their stamina, and as a consequence, they do not want to do any exercise even when they are at home. In addition, dependency on technology has deteriorated the condition. Due to technological advancements, people have exchanged the available time for exercise with browsing the internet, watching television and checking their accounts on social media websites. They also prefer to drive than to walk, and use washing machines to clean their clothes - just to give some examples. This trend, in turn, has negative impacts on their health.

To address this problem, physical exercise is a "must". To remain fit, those workers have to stop leading a sedentary lifestyle and start moving. The government can facilitate outdoor activities so that people get out and take part in those activities after office hours. Employers have to realise that healthy employees mean better productivity and they should arrange exercise facilities at the office premises. To give an example of how sports and exercise facilities can encourage employees to do some workouts, we can take offices near parks and gyms as an example. It is evident that employees in those offices are practically more inclined to do exercise than those who are located in areas where public parks and exercise facilities are rare. Finally, the workers have to follow a balanced diet to achieve better results, and the office can help them with that too.

In conclusion, exercise is essential to our health, productivity and life. In consequence, workers, authorities, employers, and individuals should collaborate to make everyone's lifestyle healthier by adding more time for exercise and helping them follow a balanced diet.

One important reason is the busy lifestyle of modern people. Many employees work long hours, and students have heavy study schedules, so they do not have enough time or energy for physical exercise. Another cause is the attraction of modern technology. Instead of spending time outdoors, people often prefer playing video games, using smartphones, or watching television. Moreover, the lack of facilities is another barrier. In some areas, there are no safe parks or playgrounds, while gyms and sports clubs are too costly for many families. Finally, people’s attitudes also play a role. Some underestimate the importance of regular exercise because health problems may not appear immediately.

To encourage people to do more exercise, governments should invest in more public sports facilities and green spaces. Schools and companies can also organize regular physical activities to build exercise habits. On the individual level, people can choose simple activities such as walking, cycling, or home workouts, which are free and easy to maintain. Exercising with friends or family is another effective way to stay motivated.

In conclusion, lack of time, technology, limited facilities, and people’s attitudes are the main reasons for less exercise. However, with joint efforts from governments, institutions, and individuals, this issue can certainly be improved

One major reason is the rapid development of technology. With the rise of smartphones, television, and computers, many people prefer spending their free time on screens rather than exercising. In addition, work and study schedules are becoming increasingly demanding, leaving people with little time or energy to work out after long hours at the office or school. Another factor is the lack of convenient facilities.Moreover, financial barriers discourage some individuals from joining gyms or paying for sports classes. Lastly, modern conveniences such as cars, elevators, and delivery services have reduced the need for physical activity in daily life.

To address this issue, both governments and individuals should take action. Authorities could build more public facilities like parks, walking paths, and community gyms to make exercise accessible to everyone. Schools and workplaces can also promote physical activity by organizing regular sports events. On a personal level, people should schedule time for exercise, choose activities they enjoy, and even exercise with friends or family to maintain motivation.

In conclusion, technological distractions, busy lifestyles, and a lack of facilities are among the main reasons for reduced physical activity. By improving infrastructure and raising awareness, society can encourage people to adopt healthier habits through regular exercise

Physical inactivity has become a major health concern in modern society, with many working individuals leading a sedentary lifestyle. This has led to a plethora of health problems, including obesity, diabetes, and heart diseases. The reasons for this lack of exercise amongst working individuals are multifaceted, but some potential solutions do exist.

One reason for this phenomenon is the nature of many modern jobs, which require individuals to sit at a desk for long periods of time. This lack of physical activity is further exacerbated by the widespread use of technology, which means that many tasks can be performed without leaving one's desk. Additionally, the pressure to meet work targets and deadlines can lead to longer working hours, leaving little time for exercise.

Another contributing factor is the availability of leisure time activities. Many people tend to choose passive activities such as watching television or browsing social media over physical exercise due to convenience and ease. Furthermore, the high cost of gym memberships or other physical activities can deter some individuals from engaging in regular exercise.

There are several solutions to this problem. Employers can take an active role in promoting physical activity by providing facilities such as on-site gyms, standing desks, and incentives for employees who engage in regular exercise. Additionally, introducing regular breaks

The first reason is that many people have sedentary jobs. Office workers often sit in front of computers for long hours, so they do not have much time or energy to exercise after work. Another reason is that modern technology has reduced people’s need for movement. For example, instead of walking to a shop, many people order food or products online. In addition, in their free time, young people often spend hours playing games or watching videos on the Internet rather than doing outdoor activities. Finally, in big cities, there may be few public spaces for exercise, which makes it inconvenient for people to do sports.

There are several ways to solve this issue. Governments should build more parks and sports facilities so that people have easy access to exercise. Schools can also encourage students by organizing regular physical education classes or sports events. At work, employers can give short exercise breaks to help employees stay active. On the personal side, people should try to make small changes in their lifestyle, such as walking instead of driving short distances, or exercising for 20–30 minutes every day. Public campaigns about the benefits of exercise can also motivate more people to take part.

In conclusion, the lack of exercise is mainly caused by modern work, technology, and limited facilities. However, with the effort of both governments and individuals, people can be encouraged to have a more active and healthy lifestyle.

There are many reasons why people are less active. The first and most common is because work schedules or classes are too dense, making people tired, so they choose to rest instead of standing up and moving. Second, the development of technology makes people more attracted to exercise, which leads to many people spending hours in front of TV screens, computers, phones, .... Third, there are now more and more means of transportation that do not require much human effort, such as cars or motorbikes, ... Finally, because many jobs nowadays do not require going far but can be done by sitting in one place, and with the increase in work, this makes many people only able to sit in one place for hours to complete the assigned work.

To motivate people to exercise more, the government needs to promote more outdoor events and make it easier for people to get outside to exercise. Put exercise equipment in offices so people can do a little exercise during their breaks. Build more parks with free exercise equipment to help those who can't afford it.

In short, the main cause of laziness is due to little rest time. But exercise is very good for health. Everyone should know how to balance between work, study and exercise. That contributes to improving everyone's health.