3. 미얀마의 쿠데타 (심화학습)
2021년 2월 1일 미얀마에서 쿠데타가 일어났고, 폭력적인 탄압으로 인해 138명이 훨씬 넘는 사망자가 나왔다. 하지만 군부는 자신들의 행동을 쿠데타라 지칭하지 마라며 이 사건을 은폐하려 들었고, 언론사들을 자격박탈하며 언론활동의 자유조차 어렵게 만들었다. 그러던 와중 시민들은 소셜미디어를 통해 민주화를 요구하기 시작한다. #세이브 미얀마 운동과 세 손가락 경례 인증샷 등을 올리고 인터넷마저 끊겨버리자 '브릿지파이'라는 앱을 통해 블루투스를 이용하여 사람들끼리 메세지를 주고 받으며 끊임없이 자유를 외쳤다.

That’s because social media saw successful protests in other countries and thought new protests were taking place, that is, the driving force behind the rapid revolution.

The term Arab Spring implies the 1968 Prague Spring, which was first officially used by the American political paper Foreign Policy. 

However, the result of Arab spring protests in Syria and Libya was social collapse. The first protests that began in 2010 are still ongoing in Syria. Libya is not as bad as Syria, but the civil war has continued and conflicts, large and small, remain uninterrupted.

Citizen journalism was made more feasible by the development of various online internet platforms. New media technology, such as social networking and media-sharing websites, in addition to the increasing prevalence of cellular telephones, have made citizen journalism more accessible to people worldwide. Recent advances in new media have started to have a profound political impact. Due to the availability of technology, citizens often can report breaking news more quickly than traditional media reporters. 

시민 저널리즘은 시민 미디어와 사용자 생성 콘텐츠(UGC)의 특정 형태입니다. 코트니 C. Radsch는 아마추어들에 의해 행해지는 온라인 및 디지털 저널리즘의 특정한 형태를 가장 잘 묘사한다고 주장한다

시민 저널리즘은 다양한 온라인 인터넷 플랫폼의 개발에 의해 더욱 실현 가능하게 되었다. 휴대 전화의 보급이 증가하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 소셜 네트워킹과 미디어 공유 웹사이트와 같은 새로운 미디어 기술은 전 세계 사람들이 시민 저널리즘에 더 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 만들었다. 최근 뉴미디어의 발전은 정치적으로 큰 영향을 미치기 시작했다. 테크놀로지의 가용성으로 인해 시민들은 종종 기존 미디어 리포터보다 더 빠르게 속보를 보도할 수 있습니다. 
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'아랍의 봄'은 2010년 12월 18일 튀니지에서 일어난 대규모 시위를 시작으로 이집트, 리비아, 시리아 등 아랍 세계로 번진 민주화 운동을 뜻한다. 튀니지, 이집트, 리비아에서 오랜 기간 철권통치를 펼쳐온 독재자들을 하야시키는 계기가 됐다. 그러나 상당수 나라가 내전에 시달리는 등 독재정권 이후 새로운 체제를 수립하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다.

The concept of citizen journalism is based on citizens who play a dynamic role in the process of news collecting, reporting, editing, and distributing it to other public. 

   

Advantages of Citizen Journalism:

-Offers an opportunity for talented people who are not professionals

-It talks about the problems that mainstream media forgot to throw the spotlight on

-Low cost but easy access to a large set of audience.

   

Disadvantages of Citizen Journalism:

-Citizen journalists sometimes tend to work unethically

-It confuses the audience on what to believe as there are a lot of opinions

-Sometimes, the news reported are untrustworthy

-Conflicts of interests and differences in opinion

   

Example:

-Whitney Houston’s death, which was reported on Twitter over an hour before any mainstream press picked up on it.

-Osama bin Laden’s raid and death, one of the biggest news stories of 2011, was reported unwittingly in tweets by a local IT consultant one day before Barack Obama announced it to the world

Arab Spring

The Arab Spring was a series of pro-democracy uprisings that enveloped several largely Muslim countries, including Tunisia, Morocco, Syria, Libya, Egypt and Bahrain. The events in these nations generally began in the spring of 2011, which led to the name. However, the political and social impact of these popular uprisings remains significant today, years after many of them ended.

-He worked in France and the United States and led the internationalization of Korean art.
-Immersed in the beauty of a white porcelain jar, pottery became the most important material in his work.
(He said, "Korean pots have broadened
 my view of beauty.")

   

<His works are categorized into
five periods.>

1933~37, when he studied in Japan,

1937~56 When He was evacuated to Busan due to the Korean War.

1956~59 Paris Period_ War ended and settled in Paris, France, and began 
full-fledged abstraction work.

1959~63 Back home, the Seoul period (mountain, moon, and clouds become 
the main materials)

1963~74, New York period 

(the time when experiments were conducted to produce the first form 
of ignition from 1964)

   

Fauvism is the name applied to the work produced by a group of artists (which included Henri Matisse and André Derain) from around 1905 to 1910, which is characterised by strong colours and fierce brushwork

3. NFT
NFT= Non Fungible Token
비트코인 등으로 대표되는 암호화폐의 기본기술은 블록체인을 사용한 디지털 자산의 일종으로 복사가 거의 불가능하고 유일성이 있다는 특징을 가지고 있다. 블록체인 기술을 사용한 NFT아트는 그 소유자나 고유성을 증명할 수 있기 때문에 현실세계에서 통용되는 예술작품과 같은 자산가치를 지닌 것으로 주목받고 있는 것이다.
-뉴스 내용-
 아바타, 반지의제왕 등 제작에 참여한 이기형 감독이 이끄는 영상특수효과 제작팀이 한국 현대미술의 거장 김환기 화백의 작품들을 대체불가토큰(NFT, Non Fungible Token)으로 제작한다.

아트토큰(대표 홍지숙)과 환기 미술관(관장 박미정)은 '김환기 하이퍼큐브 NFT 프로젝트'를 오는 6월에 결과물을 아트토큰 플랫폼을 통해 공개한다고 21일 밝혔다.

하이퍼큐브 NFT는 캔버스 속 김환기의 작품이 영상 특수효과를 통해 살아있는 듯한 예술적 체험을 느낄 수 있도록 제작된다.
(링크 :https://www.fnnews.com/news/202203211009548077)

   

Kim Hwan-ki is a pioneer of Korean abstract art and a painter who combines traditional Korean beauty with Western modernism. The works after studying in Japan were abstract paintings using dots and lines, and these were Korea's first abstract paintings. (Before, most of them were realism.) He did not stop drawing even in the Korean war. Later in New York, while influenced by American abstract expressionism, he drew naturalistic paintings based on Korean ideas. In the late 1960s, he produced an original style of ignition, and in 1970, a full-scale pointillism called the climax of Kim Hwan-ki's works was drawn under the title of the last verse of his friend Kim Kwang-seop's poem "In the Evening."

   

-20617 최 O O

13. 유지연(20308) 발표함
14. 이지원(20312) 발표함
15. 임나연(20313) 발표함(3.28)
16. 이규빈(20311) 발표함(3.28)
17. 최다연(20315) 발표함(3.29)
18. 윤지우(20309) 발표함(3.29)
19. 박여진(20306) 발표함(3.30)
20. 정유경(20314) 발표함(3.30)
21. 윤효진(20310) 발표함(4.4)
22. 송채헌(20307) 발표함(4.4)
23. 김주연(20303)발표함(4.5)
24.
25. 김은우(20302)  발표함(4.6)
26. 김서윤(20301) 발표함(4.11)
27. 박수지(20305) 발표함(4.11)

While early Korean painters focused their subjects on scenery and people, Kim began pioneering the art of Korean abstract painting. This was largely due to his time spent in other cities aboard, such as, Tokyo (1930s), Paris (1950s), and New York (1960s-70s).

Although the idea of experiencing foreign countries sounded grand for artists, it was a lonely journey for Kim. And his longing for his motherland led him to develop an artistic style that is geared towards Korean abstraction.

2.Moon Jars and Plums(달 항아리와 매화)

White porcelain moon jars and plum blossoms became Kim Whanki’s most painted subjects. Even outside of his artistic practices, Kim developed a deep admiration towards the moon shaped jars. Although they appear quite bland at first sight, their neat structure is one that is rare to find in other countries.

Even during war times when the nation was seeking refuge and was short of money, Kim admits to hiding his collection of jars in a well before escaping North Korea’s attack. Perhaps this goes to show his level of devotion towards the jars.

“Our (Korean) jars opened my scope on aesthetic quality and Korean people, which can be said that the textbook I used were these jars.” — Kim Whanki

3.The Color of Home, Whanki-blue(고향의 색, 환기 블루)

Artist Kim Whanki incorporated so much blue in his works that the word “Whanki-blue” became a popular term in Korea. For him, the colour blue was reminiscent of his motherland. He was born on an island village surrounded by water and the clear blue sky.

During a private exhibition in Paris, when asked what the country of Korea is like, he responded:

“Korea is surrounded by water on all its three sides. The color of the East Sea is so blue that once you dip a white handkerchief in it, it’ll come out blue.”

Kim Hwanki is one of the most representative artists in Korean abstract art. He is praised because he combined Korean beauty with Western art in his works. Also ‘Universe’, his work, was sold at 13.2 billion won, the highest price in Korea.

   

If you look at the Kim Hwanki’s work, you can see the moon jar very much. He collected many moon jars and he drew it because he thought that moon jar can appear the beauty of Korea. It looks like the moon, but it is not a perfect circle because it is made by seperating the top and bottom. Kim Hwanki said that disorted circle can represent the beauty of Korea.

medium to large, oblong, or slightly flattened oval, light to medium brown russet-brown, netted skin, white to pale yellow flesh

Texture

floury, dry; light and fluffy; hearty skin that is chewy when cooked

Flavor

mild; earthy; medium sugar content

2.Red potatoes
The skin is thin, so you can eat it without peeling it.
Appearance

small to medium; round or slightly oblong; smooth, thin red skin; white flesh

Texture

waxy, moist and smooth; creamy

Flavor

Subtly sweet; mild medium sugar content

3.White potatoes
It is the most common type of potato around us, and it is a potato that goes well with almost every dish.
Appearance

small to medium; round to long shape; white or tan skin; white flesh

Texture

medium starch; slightly creamy, slightly dense; thin, delicate skin

Flavor

subtly sweet; mild; low sugar content

4.Fingerling Potatoes
A Fingerling potato is a small, stubby, finger-shaped type of potato which may be any heritage potato cultivars. They are fully mature when harvested and are not to be confused with new potatoes. Due to their size and greater expense compared to other potatoes, fingerlings are commonly either halved and roasted as a side dish or used in salads.
Appearance

2-4 inches long; finger-shaped or oblong; red, orange, purple or white skin; red orange, purple, yellow or white flesh–sometimes streaked with veins of color

Texture

waxy, firm

Flavor

buttery; nutty; earthy; medium sugar content

5.Purple potatoes
Purple potatoes were very popular in Europe in the mid-19th century and were one of the most popular potatoes for aristocrats. It is not common in Korea, but it has been grown experimentally on some farms in recent years.
Appearance

small to medium-size; oblong to fingerling; deep purple, blue or slightly red skin; blue, purple lavender, pink or white flesh

Texture

moist; firm flesh. Note–all blue and purple Peruvian varieties have higher starch content and a floury texture

Flavor

earthy, nutty, low sugar content

For more detailed information on this disease, please see our full  Potato, Scab article.

Common scab produces tan to dark brown, circular or irregular lesions which are rough in texture. Scab may be superficial (russet scab), slightly raised (erumpent scab), or sunken (pitted 

scab). The type of lesion is dependent on potato cultivar, tuber maturity at infection, organic matter content of soil, strain of the pathogen, and the environment. 

For more detailed information on this disease, please see our full Solanaceous, Early Blight article. 

Early blight usually affects potato foliage but tuber infections can also occur. Tuber lesions are dark, sunken, and circular often bordered by purple to gray raised tissue. The underlying flesh is dry, leathery, and brown. Lesions can increase in size during storage and tubers become shriveled.

Fusarium Dry Rot

Fusarium dry rot causes internal light to dark brown or black dry rot of the potato tuber. The rot may develop at an injury site such as a bruise or cut. The pathogen penetrates the tuber, often rotting out the center. Extensive rotting causes the tissue to shrink and collapse, usually leaving a dark sunken area on the outside of the tuber and internal cavities.