American Literature by Mackenzie Merriman (Student)

Start Day

mmerriman7 — 2023-08-07 15:57:22 UTC

Present Day

mmerriman7 — 2023-08-07 15:58:04 UTC

Period Name and Date: Period Characteristics

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*Either put an image of the chart here or type them

Period Name: Authors and Works

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*Either put an image of that portion of the chart here or type them

Period Name: Fact #1

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Insert first fact and image here

Period Name: Fact #2

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Insert second fact and image here

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Direction note: Be sure to add any special events according to their date as needed.

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Lets give a tangible example for you to see

Native Americans: 2200 B.C- 1600 A.D

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Native Americans: Fact 1

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The first Native Americans had come to North America over a land bridge from Asia and Siberia approximately 13,000 to 13,500 years ago.

Native Americans: Fact 2

mmerriman7 — 2023-08-15 16:41:18 UTC

Native Americans used to speak more than 300 languages. However many of the languages have disappeared due assimilation policies by the government.

Special Events

mmerriman7 — 2023-08-15 16:44:36 UTC

Tangible example:

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Puritanism and Early Settlement of First "American" colonies 1600-1800

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Puritanism and Early settlement of First "American colonies 1600-1800: Authors and Works

mmerriman7 — 2023-09-20 16:57:48 UTC

Puritanism and Early settlement of First "American" colonies: Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2023-09-20 16:59:04 UTC

The Puritans wanted their colony to be based on the laws of God. They thought that God would protect them if they followed religious laws and were righteous.

Works cited: https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/puritans-and-iron-making.htm#:~:text=The%20Puritans%20wanted%20their%20colony,term%20of%20Governor%20in%201630.

Puritanism and Early settlement of First "American" colonies: Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2023-09-20 17:09:09 UTC

Puritans were industrious people, and made most everything by hand. Men and boys would do mostly stuff outside like farming, fixing things, and taking care of the livestock. The women would do most everything in the house like cook, clean, tend to the garden and make soap.

Works cited: https://mrnussbaum.com/life-in-puritan-massachusetts#:~:text=The%20Puritans%20were%20an%20industrious,took%20care%20of%20the%20house.

Special event #1

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1507: Early settlement of the first American colonies- Jamestown.

Special event #2

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1692: Salem witch trials

Special event #3

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1741: Johnathan Edwards "Sinners in the hand of an angry God."

Tangible Example:

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Rationalism "The Age of Reason" "The Enlightenment"

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Rationalism "The Age of Reason" "The Enlightenment"

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Rationalism "The Age of Reason" "The Enlightenment" Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2023-10-02 18:10:10 UTC

The Age of Reason was known as an intellectual and cultural movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason over superstition and science of blind faith.

Rationalism "The Age of Reason" "The Enlightenment" Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2023-10-02 18:14:29 UTC

The central doctrines of the Enlightenment were individual liberty and religious tolerance.

Special event #1- 1607- Early settlement Jamestown

mmerriman7 — 2023-10-02 18:16:10 UTC

Special event #2- 1775-1783 Revolutionary War

mmerriman7 — 2023-10-02 18:17:13 UTC

Tangible example:

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Interesting Fact

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The Enlightenment's emphasis on concepts such as individual rights, the social contract, and the separation of powers had a profound impact on political thought and played a pivotal role in inspiring two of the most significant revolutions in history: American Revolution and French Revolution.

Interesting Fact

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 19:23:25 UTC

Enlightenment ideas were often disseminated and debated in informal social gatherings known as salons and coffeehouses.

Image #1

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Image #2

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Transcendentalism "The American Renaissance" 1840-1860

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Transcendentalism "The American Renaissance"

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Transcendentalism "The American Renaissance" Fact #1

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Transcendentalism was a visionary way of thinking that was widespread in 19th-century American art and thinking.

Transcendentalism "The American Renaissance" Fact #2

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As a group, the transcendentalists led the celebration of the American experiment as one of individualism and self-reliance. They took progressive stands on women's rights, abolition, reform, and education. They criticized government, organized religion, laws, social institutions, and creeping industrialization.

Special Event

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Transcendentalism !840-1860

Tangible Example

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Interesting Fact #1

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The American Transcendentalists were a group of young New Englanders, mostly of Unitarian background, who found liberal religion too formal and rationalistic to meet their spiritual and emotional needs. Logic and reason, they believed, were incapable of explaining the fundamental mysteries of human existence.

Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 19:49:40 UTC

Transcendentalism was created as a way for writers, thinkers, and philosophers to rebel against the norm, and it's three essential values still followed today are individualism, idealism, and the divinity of nature.

Image #1

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Image #2

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Taking a Stand-Ken Saro-Wiwa 1941-1995

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Period Characteristics:

President of the Movement for the Survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP), an organization set up to defend the environmental and human rights of the Ogoni People who live in the Niger Delta
In return the Ogoni, a group of 550,000 farmers and fishermen inhabiting this coastal land, have received little except a ravaged environment. Farmland that was once fertile turned to contaminated fields from oil spills and acid rain. Uncontrolled oil spills dotted the landscape with puddles of ooze the size of football fields. Virtually all fish and wildlife have vanished.
Out of Shell’s Nigerian workforce of 5,000, less than 100 jobs went to Ogoni.
Saro-Wiwa gathered 300,000 Ogoni to march peacefully to demand a share in oil revenues and some form of political autonomy. MOSOP also asked the oil companies to begin environmental remediation and pay compensation for past damage.

Ken Saro-Wiwa- Authors and Works

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 20:16:54 UTC

Ken Saro-Wiwa

-Sozaboy: A Novel in Rotten English

- A Month and A Day: A Detention Diary

- A Month and a Day & Letters

- Genocide in Nigeria

- Prisoners of Jebs

- On a Darkling Plain

- Basi and Company

- The Singing Anthill

- Silence Would Be Treason: Last

- MR B Again

- Lemona's Tale

- A Forest of Flowers

Ken Saro-Wiwa- Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 20:23:31 UTC

At the peak of his non-violent campaign, he was tried by a special military tribunal for allegedly masterminding the murder of Ogoni chiefs at a pro-government meeting, and hanged in 1995 by the military dictatorship of General Sani Abacha.

Ken Saro-Wiwa- Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 20:24:45 UTC

In 1990 the Movement for the Survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP) was formed with poet Ken Saro-Wiwa as president. MOSOP developed an Ogoni Bill of Rights, demanding environmental justice and opposing the method of allocation of oil funds. They also organized a number of peaceful protests.

Special Events

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 20:26:11 UTC

1958- Royal Dutch Shell struck oil on Ogoni lands

1993- Saro-Wiwa gathered 300,000 Ogoni to march peacefully to demand a share in oil revenues and some form of political autonomy. MOSOP also asked the oil companies to begin environmental remediation and pay compensation for past damage.

1994- Saro-Wiwa, who had been briefly imprisoned several times before, was abducted from his home and jailed along with other MOSOP leaders in connection with the murder of four Ogoni leaders.

October 1995- military tribunal tried and convicted Saro-Wiwa of murder. Governments and citizens’ organizations worldwide condemned the trial as fraudulent, and urged the Nigerian dictator to spare Saro-Wiwa’s life.

November 10, 1995- Saro-Wiwa and his eight co-defendants were hanged.

Tangible Example

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Interesting Fact #1

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Saro-Wiwa was educated at Government College, Umuahia, and at the University of Ibadan. He briefly taught at the University of Lagos before joining federal forces in the civil war of the late 1960s.

Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-09 20:34:47 UTC

The Ogoni are a minority ethnic people who live in the Western Niger Delta Region of southern Nigeria. During the 1970s, Ogoniland, or the Ogoni Nation, became part of the Rivers State of Nigeria. There are approximately 500,000 Ogoni who represent less than 0.05 percent of Nigeria's 100 to 120 million people.

Image #1

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Image #2

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Romanticism and Industrilization 1800-1860

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Romanticism and Industrialization

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Romanticism and Industrialization Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-13 18:56:40 UTC

Romanticism was a rebellion against the Neoclassic period of reason and ushered in the age of sensibility when artists choose passion and intuition over reasonable neutrality.

Romanticism and Industrialization Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-13 18:59:12 UTC

To a large extent, English Romantic intellectuals and artists felt that the modern industrial world was harsh and deadening to the senses and spirit. These intellectuals called for a return, both in life and in spirit, of the emotional and natural, as well as the ideals of the pre-industrial past.

Special Events:

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-13 19:07:15 UTC

The war of 1812

1812-1815

California Gold Rush 1848-1855

Tangible Example:

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Interesting Fact #1

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Interesting Fact #2

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Romanticism is marked by a focus on individualism, an emphasis on nature, emotion over reason, freedom of form, and an exploration of the Gothic and unknown.

Image #1

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Image #2

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Fact #1- Puritans

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-13 19:22:29 UTC

The Puritans were remarkably disciplined. They kept diaries of their thoughts and actions. They would write an account of their day, what they had thought and why and what they had done and why. They would list their sins, ask forgiveness, and plot out the best way in which to avoid such sin tomorrow. This daily diary was a thankful statement of God's goodness as well as an acknowledgment of personal sin and failure.

Image #1- Puritans

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McCarthyism- Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 15:54:15 UTC

McCarthyism became strong because of the increasing fear of Communism in China and Eastern Europe that came to the United States.

McCarthyism- Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 15:56:02 UTC

The term "McCarthyism" comes from Senator Joseph McCarthy, who spearheaded the drive to defeat communist infiltration, despite having no proof for many of his accusations.

McCarthyism- Image #1

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McCarthyism- Image #2

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Robert Frost- Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 16:00:50 UTC

Robert Frost was a college dropout, not once, but twice. He attended Dartmouth college for just two months, then he attened Harvard, but dropped out there to support his family.

Robert Frost- Fact #2

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When Frost was 20, he sold his first poem "My Butterfly" for just $15 in 1894.

Robert Frost- Fact #3

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John F. Kennedy was a big fan of Frost, and invited him to do a reading at his 1961 inauguration. He read his piece "The Gift Outright."

Robert Frost- Image #1

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Robert Hayden- Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 16:09:40 UTC

Robert Hayden studied poetry at the University of Michigan, and went on to teaching at both Michigan University and Fisk University.

Robert Hayden- Fact #2

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Robert had an emotionally tumultuous childhood and lived with his parents sometimes, and other times with his foster family.

Robert Hayden- Fact #3

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Hayden published his first book of poems, Heart-Shape in the Dust (Falcon Press), in 1940, at the age of twenty-seven.

Robert Hayden- Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 16:14:47 UTC

Walt Whitman- Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 16:19:02 UTC

When the Civil War began, Whitman's brother enlisted, and when Whitman saw his brother on the list of the wounded in 1862, he went to visit to make sure he was okay. When he saw all the other soldiers and the toll the war had taken on them he stayed and began a steady rotation of the area's hospitals.

Walt Whitman- Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 16:20:27 UTC

Whitman advocated “manly training” like brisk walks, dancing, and frequent bathing to cure ills and ward off depression.

Walt Whitman- Fact #3

mmerriman7 — 2024-02-29 16:21:49 UTC

As a final creative impulse, Whitman elected to design his own granite mausoleum in Camden, New Jersey’s Harleigh Cemetery.

Walt Whitman- Image #1

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Realism 1850-1900

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Realism:

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Realism: Fact 1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:10:40 UTC

There is an analysis of thought and feelings in realism.

The environment has a function in shaping of characters.

The setting is generally in the present or recent past.

Realism: Fact 2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:12:38 UTC

Realist writers exposed political corruption, economic inequity, business deception, the exploitation of labor, women rights problems, racial inequity.

Special events:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:18:08 UTC

Civil War 1861-1865

Special events:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:18:46 UTC

Reconstruction Era 1865-1877

Tangible example:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:21:56 UTC

Interesting Fact 1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:23:57 UTC

Unlike some other artistic movements, there was little sculpture or architecture as part of this movement.

Interesting Fact 2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-07 02:25:48 UTC

Realism is recognized as the first modern movement in art, which rejected traditional forms of art, literature, and social organization as outmoded in the wake of the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution.

Image 1

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Image 2

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Jack Finney- Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:21:31 UTC

After his father died when Finney was three years old, he was renamed Walter Braden Finney in honor of his father, but continued to be known as "Jack."

Jack Finney- Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:23:25 UTC

After attending Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois, Finney lived in New York City and worked for an advertising agency sometime in the 1940s. He began writing his first works, suspenseful short stories, in 1946, and around that time he won an award from Ellery Queen’s Mystery Magazine for “The Widow’s Walk.”

Jack Finney- Interesting Fact #3

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:30:39 UTC

In early 1995 Don Congdon, his agent for four decades, called Finney “an agent’s dream” because he never asked for advances and always delivered a full manuscript for sale.

Jack Finney- Image #1

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Alice Walker- Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:33:21 UTC

While growing up she was accidentally blinded in one eye, and her mother gave her a typewriter, allowing her to write instead of doing chores.

Alice Walker- Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:34:47 UTC

After graduating college in 1965, Walker moved to Mississippi and became involved in the civil rights movement. She also began teaching and publishing short stories and essays.

Alice Walker- Interesting Fact #3

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:36:44 UTC

Alice and her husband had one daughter, the writer and feminist activist Rebecca Walker, but their life in Mississippi was isolating and lonely. The family was subject to threats from the Ku Klux Klan, and her husband was often away working on legal cases involving civil rights throughout the state.

Alice Walker- Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-25 16:37:28 UTC

Modernism 1900-1950

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Modernism:

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Modernism: Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:19:44 UTC

The era of modernism in art was heralded when more and more artists rejected classical principles of art and increasingly repudiated traditional ideas about art.

Modernism: Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:21:53 UTC

Modernism emphasized formalism (how wel wrought and stylized the work is), autonomy of art, originality/newness.

Special Event:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:22:38 UTC

World War I 1914-1918

Special Event:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:23:08 UTC

The Great Depression 1929-1939

Special Event:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:23:36 UTC

World War II 1939-1945

Tangible Example:

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:24:15 UTC

Modernism: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:28:51 UTC

Abstraction also found its way into art at the time of modernism. The Swedish artist Hilma af Klint is today considered a pioneer of abstract art, together with artists such as Wassily Kandinsky.

Modernism: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:30:10 UTC

During the modernist era, artists questioned conservative values and traditional notions of art. They expressed themselves with color, forms, lines and techniques, thus paving the way to abstraction.

Modernism: Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:30:44 UTC

Modernism: Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:31:12 UTC

The American Dream 1920s: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:36:07 UTC

The American Dream during the 1920's transitioned from being all about hope to being all about money. Many people started to focus more on materialistic goals (such as who could have the biggest party, who could own the best car, and who could get the most women/men) rather than moral values (such as hope, peace, the pursuit of happiness, etc.)

The American Dream 1920s: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-06-28 01:37:36 UTC

Scott Fitzgerald represents the American Dream quite well. In the 1920s, the American Dream was all about the parties, or the alcohol. Fitzgerald shows that in his book by giving up Jay Gatsby. He throws wild parties, hoping that the woman that he lost 5 years ago would wonder in.

The American Dream 1920s: Image #1

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The American Dream 1920s: Image #2

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The American Dream 1930's and 1940's: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:31:10 UTC

The American Dream rose to its greatest fame during the 1930's as a result of the on-going Great Depression from 1929 to 1939. Thousands of Americans were going through tough times and looked up to the American Dream as a goal to achieve and strive for.

The American Dream 1930's and 1940's: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:35:05 UTC

Although the actual American Dream only slightly fluctuated throughout the 40's, great social change came about, especially regarding women. The American Dream still consisted of the white picket fence suburban home, two children, and employment; however, the standard of living started to rise.

The American Dream 1930's and 1940's: Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:36:06 UTC

The American Dream 1930's and 1940's: Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:37:00 UTC

The American Dream 1950's: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:39:12 UTC

The American dream of the 1950s centered on nuclear families living in modern, suburban homes. However, not all was ideal. Family roles were changing. The business industry used color to target consumer behaviors.

The American Dream 1950's: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:42:46 UTC

During the 1950s, businesses expanded rapidly. By 1956, the majority of Americans no longer held blue-collar, or

industrial, jobs. Instead, more people worked in higher-paid, white-collar positions, clerical, managerial, or professional occupations.

The American Dream 1950's: Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:43:50 UTC

The American Dream 1950's: Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:45:12 UTC

Harlem Renaissance 1920-1940

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:49:51 UTC

Harlem Renaissance

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:50:26 UTC

Harlem Renaissance- Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:52:28 UTC

The movement also included musical, theatrical, and visual arts. The Harlem Renaissance was unusual among literary and artistic movements for its close relationship to civil rights and reform organizations.

Harlem Renaissance- Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:53:38 UTC

The Harlem Renaissance was also greatly inspired by African American journals that published short pieces by promising writers. These journals included the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People’sThe Crisis and the National Urban League’s Opportunity.

Harlem Renaissance- "The New Negro Movement" 1919-1925

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:54:51 UTC

Harlem Renaissance- Prohibition 1920-1933

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:55:24 UTC

Harlem Renaissance- Tangible example

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:56:29 UTC

Harlem Renaissance- Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:58:14 UTC

Harlem culture began to be recognized in the early 1900s as theatre changed from 'blackface' stereotypes to involve real stories and issues. As this period in Harlem's history continued, pride in African American culture grew into a new identity that celebrated literature, music, art, theatre, and experimentation in all of these avenues.

Harlem Renaissance- Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 22:58:59 UTC

In 1914 only about 50,000 African Americans called Harlem their home. By 1930 Harlem had grown to a population of 200,000 African Americans. This migration is referred to as the 'Great Migration' and began during World War I.

Harlem Renaissance- Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 23:00:03 UTC

Harlem Renaissance- Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 23:00:45 UTC

The American Dream 1960's and 1970's: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 23:04:10 UTC

During the 1960's, the Civil Rights Movement began and influenced the nation drastically. Instead of focusing solely on the singular individual and the family, the dream focused on the greater good of the nation.

The American Dream 1960's and 1970's: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 23:06:08 UTC

The innovations of the 70's caused Americans to desire a higher quality of living. For example, computers became a practical household item, and the cellphone was invented in 1969. These innovations permitted Americans greater freedom and eased the strains of life. In all, the American Dream consisted of peace, health, and prosperity.

The American Dream 1960's and 1970's: Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 23:07:07 UTC

The American Dream 1960's and 1970's: Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-17 23:07:49 UTC

The American Dream 1980's: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 15:56:05 UTC

During the 1980s, tax rates on the highest income earners were cut and deregulation of the economy began to occur. As people became extremely wealthy, the American Dream began to become about being rich, the most successful, number 1, etc.

The American Dream 1980's: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:03:37 UTC

The American Dream in 1980's was people having fun, making money, and living free but was mainly focused on people getting as much money as they possibly could. In the early 1980's they were going through a recession and it was severe. People just wanted to live a carefree life and know that they will be okay in the world if they made more money than some people.

The American Dream 1980's: Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:05:12 UTC

The American Dream 1980's: Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:05:47 UTC

The American Dream 1990's and 2000's: Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:07:44 UTC

In the 1990s and early 2000s, mortgage company Fannie Mae began promulgating the notion that buying a home was a cornerstone of the American dream, and use the term prominently in ads selling home loans.

The American Dream 1990's and 2000's: Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:10:22 UTC

The american dream of the 2000's is becoming a millionaire, staring on a reality show, and becoming a celebrity is all apart of the new american dream. It means the traditional social ideals of the US, such as equality, democracy, and material prosperity.

The American Dream 1990's and 2000's: Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:11:10 UTC

The American Dream 1990's and 2000's: Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:12:07 UTC

Contemporary "Postmodernism" 1950-Present

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:15:03 UTC

Contemporary "Postmodernism"

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:16:21 UTC

Contemporary "Postmodernism": Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:18:43 UTC

With the end of World War II and the discovery of the holocaust and the atomic bomb, American society began to see reality as subjective. New types of art displayed this new mindset as well as the literature of the time period did. There was also a strong desire to correct the past and right the wrongs that occurred during both of the World Wars.

Contemporary "Postmodernism": Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:20:51 UTC

The notable literary devices of postmodern literature are paradox, unreliable narrators, unrealistic narratives, parody and dark humor. Most postmodern literature also rejects the idea of a single theme or meaning, choosing instead to have many meanings or forgo theme entirely. This rejection of theme and meaning is often because many of its authors and artists fail to see a singular meaning in the broken, disastrous world around them. Instead, it often enjoys poking fun at those who try to find meaning themselves.

Korean War 1950-1953

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:21:25 UTC

Vietnam War 1954-1975

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:21:48 UTC

Tangible Example:

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:22:40 UTC

Contemporary "Postmodernism": Interesting Fact #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:24:16 UTC

The term was first used around 1970. As an art movement postmodernism to some extent defies definition – as there is no one postmodern style or theory on which it is hinged. It embraces many different approaches to art making, and may be said to begin with pop art in the 1960s and to embrace much of what followed including conceptual art, neo-expressionism, feminist art, and the Young British Artists of the 1990s.

Contemporary "Postmodernism": Interesting Fact #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:25:22 UTC

While modernism was based on idealism and reason, postmodernism was born of scepticism and a suspicion of reason. It challenged the notion that there are universal certainties or truths. Postmodern art drew on philosophy of the mid to late twentieth century, and advocated that individual experience and interpretation of our experience was more concrete than abstract principles.

Contemporary "Postmodernism": Image #1

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:26:09 UTC

Contemporary "Postmodernism": Image #2

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 16:26:51 UTC

Water for Elephants by Sarah Green: Summary and theme

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 17:22:00 UTC

"Water for Elephants" follows the story of Jacob Jankowski, a young man who joins a traveling circus during the Great Depression. He falls in love with Marlena, the star performer, but their relationship is threatened by her dangerous and abusive husband, August. As Jacob navigates the challenges of circus life, he has to find a way to protect Marlena and the animals in their care.

The theme of "Water for Elephants" is the power of love and loyalty to overcome adversity and inspire acts of courage and sacrifice.

Reflection

mmerriman7 — 2024-07-26 17:26:22 UTC

Studying literature and history together has been a fascinating journey for me. I have always enjoyed reading novels and poems, but it wasn't until I started delving into the historical context in which these works were written that I truly began to appreciate their depth and significance. By understanding the social, political, and cultural influences that shape the literature of a particular time period. I've gained a richer understanding of the themes and messages conveyed in these works. It has been eye opening to see how literature can serve as a window into the past, providing insight into the thoughts and experiences of people from different eras. This journey has not only deepened my appreciation for literature, but also sparked my curiosity about history and the ways in which it continues to shape our world today.