5.1 Evidence for evolution by P Sharma https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8 Essential idea: There is overwhelming evidence for the evolution of life on Earth. en-us 2019-10-08 12:41:28 UTC 2025-05-14 17:01:30 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/prod/91810442/4eab4ab0d7f4cb776574703dd4e24fd6/giraffe_icon.svg PowerPoint purnimas4 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/394975838 2019-10-08 12:41:28 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/394975838 October 10, 2019 purnimas4 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/394981740 Factual question: What is the evidence which supports the theory of evolution?

Conceptual question: In what ways can science provide evidence for a process which takes millions of years?

 Debatable question: Are humans evolved from monkeys?

Standards/Learning Objective: 
Essential idea: There is overwhelming evidence for the evolution of life on Earth.

IB Learning Objectives:
5.1.U1: Evolution occurs when heritable characteristics of a species change.


5.1.U2: Evolution of homologous structures by adaptive radiation explains similarities in structure when there are differences in function.



US   Learning Objectives (NY NGSS):
 
HS-LS4-4. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations. 


Starter: Copy the fish drawing posted on the front whiteboard.


 Task 1
In this Evolution activity you will investigate a variety of types of evidence for evolution. Your team will be responsible for learning about fossil evidence, structural evidence, and genetic evidence for evolution and presenting this information to the class. 
The Process
Group 1: Paleontology (the fossil record)

Group 2: Comparative anatomy/physiology (the structure and function of organisms)

Group 3: Comparative embryology (the structure and function of fetuses)

Group 4: Molecular biology (genetics, sometimes this is called biochemical evidence and involves both gene sequencing and protein/amino acid sequencing) 

Task 2
Presentation
 
]]> 2019-10-08 12:49:59 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/394981740 How did Galapagos finches evolve to adapt in their new environments mohammedali7934 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410228 The evolution of Darwin's finches and their beaks, was based on their need for survival. After a fire was set to the main island of Galapagos, finches had to fly away from their main island to other close by small islands.

All the finches had randomly flown to different islands without knowing what each one had. Once the finches had arrived and would look for food or a source of nutrients, it would be a whole new environment for them. Most of the source of nutrients would be difficult for some of the finches to obtain due to their beak limiting their reach.

Most of the finches would die due to them not getting enough food, those who were able to get food due to their shapes of their beaks survived and lived on. 

]]> 2019-10-09 04:16:37 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410228 Number and Types of Finches juna623won https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410268 Charles Darwin investigated 13 species of passerine birds for his experiment. They are well known for their diversity in beak form and function. Darwin investigated different types of birds, which vary in size from 10 to 20 cm and weigh between 8 and 38 grams.
Those species were:
- Española cactus finch (Geospiza conirostris)
- Sharp-beaked ground finch (Geospiza difficilis)
- Medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis)
- Small ground finch (Geospiza fuliginosa)
- Large ground finch (Geospiza magnirostris)
- Common cactus finch (Geospiza scandens)
- Large tree finch (Camarhynchus psittacula)
- Medium tree finch (Camarhynchus pauper)
- Small tree finch (Camarhynchus parvulus)
- Woodpecker finch (Camarhynchus pallidus)
- Mangrove finch (Camarhynchus heliobates)
- Green warbler-finch (Certhidea olivacea)
- Grey warbler-finch (Certhidea fusca)

He divided the birds into different categories of how their beaks function to feed themselves with different organisms.]]> 2019-10-09 04:16:46 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410268 WHO WAS CHARLES DARWIN? stephanasara https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410278 Charles Robert Darwin was born on the 12th of February 1809 and died the 19th of April 1882. He was a English geologist, biologist and naturalist who proposed  that all species of life have descended over time from a common ancestor. Although it seemed unbelievable to the people at his time his theories are now widely accepted and have become a foundational concept in science.]]> 2019-10-09 04:16:48 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410278 Galapagos Island Facts gisellelr00 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410291  In 1831, Charles Darwin set sail for a 5-years voyage, accompanied by Captain Robert Fitzroy on the HMS beagle. Whilst travelling across the coast of South America, Darwin stopped to explore the Galapogos island where he discovered many unique species, such as iguanas and finches. During this experience, Darwin created his theory on Natural Selection and published his book the Origin of Species. Darwin concluded that species came from the same ancestors ]]> 2019-10-09 04:16:55 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410291 How did Charles Darwin's theory come to be and how was it supported by people? cas190048 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410468 The Theory of Evolution by natural selection first formed in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859. He explained the process as, 'organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits.' As well as, "Changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive and have more offspring."
Darwin didn't know anything about genetics, "He observed the pattern of evolution, but  he didn't really know about the mechanism." That came later with the discovery  of how genes encode different biological or behavioral traits and how genes are passed down from parents to offspring. 
Even though scientists could predict what early whales should look like, they lacked the fossil evidence to back up their claim. Creationists took this absence as proof that evolution didn't occur. They mocked the idea that there could have ever been such a thing as a walking whale. But since early 1990's, that's what they have been finding.
In 1994, evidence came of the fossilized remains of an animal named, 'Ambulocetus natans,' which means 'swimming-walking whale.' In recent years, more and more of these transitional species, or "missing links," have been discovered, lending further support to Darwin's theory]]> 2019-10-09 04:18:37 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410468 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410928 2019-10-09 04:21:51 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395410928 Then https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395411653 When Darwin proposed this theory, he received a lot of skepticism and it sparked a very controversial debate across the world. Some religious figures understandably tried to dismiss this theory completely, while some of the more “liberal” figures have it a chance. There was little to no actual evidence to his theory, which is why it was a topic of debate. ]]> 2019-10-09 04:28:11 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395411653 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395412008 2019-10-09 04:30:32 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395412008 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395412615 2019-10-09 04:35:28 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395412615 Vestigial Organs gisellelr00 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395686734 Vestigial organs are structure which has lost their use through evolution. This example provides evidence for evolution because it shows how organisms in populations will change over time  due to natural selection. 

Examples: 


  • The Galapagos cormorant has vestigial wings that don't help it to fly or swim, though the birds still dry them off in the sun after they get wet, just as if they would if they still could use them to fly. This species diverged into a flightless bird about 2 million years ago

Humans also have vestigial structures such as tailbones. Structure can be vestigial not only because they have no purpose, but also if there was a change in their original function. Humans no longer have visible tails as they did millions of years ago; so that portion of the body no longer exists and is absorbed during development over generations. 

- In contrast, the appendix has been discovered to produce various biogenic amines and peptide hormones (compounds that assist with various biological control (homeostatic) mechanisms)

]]> 2019-10-09 15:57:56 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395686734 gisellelr00 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395972460 2019-10-10 05:54:41 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395972460 Vestigial structures are often homologous to structures that are functioning normally in other species. Therefore, vestigial structures can be considered the evidence for evolution, the process by which beneficial heritable traits arise in populations over an extended period of time. The existence of vestigial traits can be attributed to changes in the environment and behavior patterns of the organism in question. Through an examination of these various traits, it is clear that evolution had a hard role in the development of organisms. gisellelr00 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395972697 2019-10-10 05:56:09 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395972697 gisellelr00 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395973294
Auricular muscles connected to the ears of a human do not develop enough to have the same mobility allowed to many animals.
]]> 2019-10-10 05:59:54 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395973294 gisellelr00 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395976825 2019-10-10 06:18:05 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395976825 mohammedali7934 https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395978566 2019-10-10 06:26:30 UTC https://padlet.com/purnimas4/2x8e57l5og8/wish/395978566