https://youtu.be/EYYHfMCw-FI

"Today, more than 65,000 wind turbines across the country are generating clean, reliable power."

"Wind power capacity totals 125 GW, making it the third-largest source of electricity generation capacity in the country. "

"Wind projects delivered $1.9 billion in state and local tax payments and land-lease payments last year."

https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/hydroelectric-power-how-it-works


Hydroelectric uses falling water (mostly using dams) to turn the turbine. The moving water turns the turbine propeller which goes to the generator, which makes the power
Challenges:
Has an Environmental Impact                      It Displaces People and wildlife

Limited location availability

In both cases a power source is used to turn a propeller-like piece called a turbine, which then turns a metal shaft in an electric generator, which is the motor that produces electricity.
The theory is to build a dam on a large river that has a large drop in elevation.
The shaft from the turbine goes up into the generator, which produces the power. Power lines are connected to the generator that carry electricity to your home and mine.

Videos:
https://www.energy.gov/eere/water/hydropower-basics

https://www.nrel.gov/news/video/hydropower-energy-basics-text.html

“Wind turbines don't produce atmospheric emissions that cause acid rain, smog, or greenhouse gasses.”

“Land-based utility-scale wind is one of the lowest-priced energy sources available today, costing 1–2 cents per kilowatt-hour after the production tax credit.”

"Before biomass can be burned, however, it must be dried. This chemical process is called torrefaction."

"Biomass contains stored chemical energy from the sun."

"Biomass pyrolysis produces fuels such as charcoal, bio-oil, renewable diesel, methane, and hydrogen."

"Solar energy also has some limitations: 

Solar works in many climates

 Solar is more affordable than ever

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/hydroelectric-energy/#:~:text=Hydroelectric%20energy%2C%20also%20called%20hydroelectric,used%20this%20force%20for%20millennia. 

Video 

“Hydroelectric energy, also called hydroelectric power or hydroelectricity, is a form of energy that harnesses the power of water in motion”
“Most hydroelectric power plants have a reservoir of water, a gate or valve to control how much water flows out of the reservoir, and an outlet or place where the water ends up after flowing downward.”
“A hydraulic turbine converts the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy. A hydroelectric generator converts this mechanical energy into electricity.”

"A photovoltaic (PV) cell, commonly called a solar cell, is a non mechanical device that converts sunlight directly into electricity. Some PV cells can convert artificial light into electricity."

"The environmental effects of PV systems located on buildings is minimal."

"PV systems can supply electricity in locations where electricity distribution systems (power lines) do not exist, and they can also supply electricity to an electric power grind."

*Geothermal energy is more environmentally friendly than conventional fuel sources such as coal and other fossil fuels. In addition, the carbon footprint of a geothermal power plant is low.

*While there is some pollution associated with geothermal energy, this is relatively minimal when compared to fossil fuels.

*Geothermal energy is an expensive resource to tap into, with price tags ranging from around $2-$7 million for a plant with a 1 megawatt capacity. However, where the upfront costs are high, the outlay can be recouped as part of a long-term investment.

“Wind power is the most efficient technology to produce energy in a safe and environmentally sustainable manner: it is zero emissions, local, inexhaustible, competitive and it creates wealth and jobs.”

“In addition, wind energy is a “native” energy, because it is available practically everywhere on the plant, which contributes to reducing energy imports and to creating wealth and local employment.”

“ Unlike fossil fuels and nuclear power plants, wind energy has one of the lowest water-consumption footprints, which makes it a key for conserving hydrological resources.”

 

“ Winds are caused by the heating of the atmosphere by the sun, the rotation of the Earth, and the Earth's surface irregularities”