AP Gov 10 by Savannah Julius

AP Gov 10 by Savannah Julius https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10 Chapter 10: Interest Groups en-us 2016-11-20 21:04:29 UTC 2025-11-12 13:00:01 UTC hello@padlet.com https://cdn0.iconfinder.com/data/icons/finances-5/464/Untitled-20-512.png issue on tax on sugary drinks 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964184 Obamas backed it
-- prez liked it b/c it would help fund Obamacare
-- Michelle liked it b/c it would promote healthy lifestyles for her Let's Move initiative ]]> 2016-11-20 21:12:54 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964184 big companies fought back against sugar tax by LOBBYING 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964280 CocaCola
Pepsi Co
had a strong Latino support]]> 2016-11-20 21:14:07 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964280 de Tocqueville = interest groups HELP with democracy Madison = interest groups HURT b/c they hold too much power 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964332 2016-11-20 21:14:42 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964332 interest groups are a thing because america has freedom of speech and press and RIGHT TO ORGANIZE 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964412 groups organize and give themselves a voice and lobby in order to make change]]> 2016-11-20 21:15:29 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964412 interest groups v. political parties 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964467 2016-11-20 21:16:11 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964467 interest groups and lobbying occur at all levels of government 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964831 2016-11-20 21:21:00 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964831 interest groups have increased recently because technology has increased 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964857 communication is easier
simple to spread the word
social media --> simple to organize and mobilize]]> 2016-11-20 21:21:19 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964857 Theories of Interest Group Politics 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964897 pluralism: many groups competing and counteracting each other

good!
- no one group too dominant, no one group always winning
- groups play by the rules

elitism: government power held by few - the upper-class / wealthy

popular belief
- key groups just looking out for themselves, unequal power between groups
- multinational groups run the show
image below

hyperpluralism: too many groups that the government is weakened

interest group liberalism
- no control and policy gridlock
- increases the scope of government because the government is trying to appease everyone's wants
  - govt weak, groups powerful
- iron triangles / issue networks
  - consist of: interest group leaders, government agency, members of congress...
  - protecting their self interests

]]> 2016-11-20 21:21:47 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138964897 successful interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965649 small
intense
rich]]> 2016-11-20 21:31:58 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965649 size of interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965677 interest groups want all of their potential group in their actual group
(easier for smaller interest groups)]]> 2016-11-20 21:32:26 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965677 collective goods from interest groups cause free rider problems 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965714 to solve this, they introduce selective benefits for members only... oooo fancy]]> 2016-11-20 21:33:13 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965714 groups need to be intense to do well! 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965722 single issue groups
the more opinionated and strongly emotional your supporters are on the interest of the group, the better off the group

most likely to be heard by congress

]]> 2016-11-20 21:33:21 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965722 financial resources 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965767 lobbying is biased toward wealthy !! shocking...
but policy outcomes DO NOT rely on:

PAC donations
lobbying expenditures
membership size
organizational budgets

]]> 2016-11-20 21:34:05 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965767 weak correlation between big money and lobbying success because 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965864 1. once one big dog of one side mobilizes, so does the other big dog on the opposing side --> competitiveness
2. big interests face off against other big interests --> smaller interest do better
3. wealthy groups ally with poor groups because they share a common goal --> diversity]]> 2016-11-20 21:35:26 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/138965864 strategies used by groups to achieve policy goals 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620268 1. lobbying
2. electioneering
3. litigation
4. appealing to public]]> 2016-12-04 20:19:25 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620268 lobbying 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620314 lobbyists: political persuaders who represent organized groups

usually formal legislators --> revolving door
either...
- regular paid employee of corporation/union/association --> holds titles
  - close to capital hill!!!
- hired for temporary basis (by smaller groups) --> get specific legislation passed

]]> 2016-12-04 20:20:03 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620314 how lobbyists help congressman 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620448 **lobbyists act as important source of info: specialized expertise, information = power

**help w/ political strategy to legislation through: act as consultants, give proposals

**help w/ campaign strategy and getting members' support for reelection: appeal to members to support campaign

**source of ideas and innovations: get name recognition and political credit]]> 2016-12-04 20:22:02 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620448 lobbyists are not paid for their services but who they know, how they strategize, and what info they can provide 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620604 2016-12-04 20:24:20 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620604 lobbying is for activation and reinforcing ideas 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620636 not gonna get people to switch sides!]]> 2016-12-04 20:24:52 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620636 electioneering 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620657 reinforcing by getting people into and staying in office

electioneering uses PACs

PACs form when business association or interest group wants to give $$$ to candidates who support groups' legislative favors
symbiosis between PAC and candidate
- $ contributions traded for access to officeholders
issue ads

]]> 2016-12-04 20:25:11 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620657 why PACs support who they do: 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620813 1. candidate is on committee important to group's interest
2. supportive of issues important to the group
3. from a state where the group facilitates
4. helping the group with executive and regulatory industries
5. in leadership position that can influence issues that affect the group]]> 2016-12-04 20:27:16 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620813 other types of electioneering... 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620920 recruit members to run for office
official group endorsements
volunteer labor in campaigns
send delegates to conventions to try to influence platforms]]> 2016-12-04 20:28:42 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141620920 inside lobbying 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621506 appealing directly to lawmakers / legislatures

direct: professional level confrontations
indirect: conversation outside of political sphere]]> 2016-12-04 20:36:38 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621506 outside lobbying 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621525 aka grassroots lobbying
appeal to public to urge their own lawmakers]]> 2016-12-04 20:36:57 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621525 PACs usually contribute to incumbents 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621743 2016-12-04 20:39:53 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621743 litigation 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621810 go to the courts to have laws passed or make sure laws are enforced

sue for enforcement; threat of lawsuits
amicus curiae briefs
- info given in highly publicized environmental and emotional causes (ex. affirmative action cases)
class action lawsuits: combination of common grievances becomes stronger, single lawsuit
- many ads and commercials for these (medication malfunctions)

]]> 2016-12-04 20:40:48 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621810 groups who use litigation often and WELL 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621876 environmental groups
civil rights groups (NAACP)]]> 2016-12-04 20:41:57 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141621876 going public 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622133 public opinion shapes policy of policy makers!
groups will ask their members to reach out to the congressmen to voice their opinions

many people, strong support, many voices... congress will budge eventually

issue ads
groups have own public relations (PR) sector

]]> 2016-12-04 20:45:52 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622133 going public can affect reputations... 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622203 therefore groups will want a goodwill image to the public]]> 2016-12-04 20:46:50 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622203 mobilizing public opinion 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622276 direct contact
direct mail
advertisements (issue ads)]]> 2016-12-04 20:47:56 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622276 Different types of interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622374 economic
environmental
equality
consumer/public interest]]> 2016-12-04 20:49:30 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622374 economic interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622409 LABOR
unions (AFL-CIO)
goal: better working conditions and increase wages

protect collective bargaining

want union shop and NOT right-to-work laws

Fight for right to unionize, minimum wage, workers comp, overtime issues, women’s rights - equal pay, closed/union shop = employers hire union workers

labor movement peaked in 1956 but has declined since (except in public sector!)

BUSINESS
the elite, the pops, the plastics...: banks, insurance co, multinational corp
these guys are well organized and well armed

most wealthy
dominate lobbying and PACs

*Chamber of Commerce*

usually support repubs (because biz, duh) --> will donate to whichever majority though
goal: profit

interests of each group differ but share common goal of making money

]]> 2016-12-04 20:49:55 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622409 environmental interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622701 quite new, grew from the '70s
goal: increase GREEN values
examples: World Wildlife Fund, Nature Conservancy, Sierra Club
oppose oil drilling in Alaska, nuclear plants...
have a GREAT influence over congress

have many supporters, groups have many members

use litigation often and WELL

]]> 2016-12-04 20:54:14 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141622701 equality interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623095 usually minorities and women fighting for civil rights
want equal protection under the law and want it enforced
NAACP, NOW
big issue for NAACP right now = affirmative action, social welfare issues
big issue for NOW right now = Equal Rights Amendment]]> 2016-12-04 20:59:39 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623095 consumer and other public interest groups 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623161 least funded
public interest lobbies

collective goods almost
a win for these groups is a win for all

legislative victories = Consumer Product and Safety Commission

interest groups who stand up for those who can't speak for themselves: the mentally ill, children
ex. Common Cause

religious interest groups: spread their idea of morals
ex. Christian Coalition

intergovernmental interest groups: bring govt employees together
ex. National Governors Association

professional association interest groups
ex. American Medical Association, American Bar Association

ideological and single-issue interest groups: narrow and special interest
ex. NRA, AARP

]]> 2016-12-04 21:00:43 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623161 interest groups and democracy 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623274 pluralism: all the groups counter each other and create healthy competition

increase democracy

elitism: an open system leads to a few wealthy groups running everything

takes away from democracy

hyperpluralism: too many groups causes policy gridlock

decreases democracy

]]> 2016-12-04 21:02:27 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623274 interest groups and scope of govt 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623409 increases scope of government as interest groups are asking more from the government
govt providing more for these groups (especially hyperpluralist theory) --> scope of govt increases as govt does more

many groups in DC just monitoring policy

creepy stalkers

]]> 2016-12-04 21:04:29 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141623409 ch. 10 vocab 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141624484 https://quizlet.com/_2t2sa3 ]]> 2016-12-04 21:20:48 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141624484 iron triangle 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141924988 2016-12-06 04:37:28 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141924988 issue network 8juliuss https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141925015 congress, committee staffers, agency officials, lawyers, lobbyists, consultants, scholars, public relations specialists]]> 2016-12-06 04:37:53 UTC https://padlet.com/8juliuss/apgov10/wish/141925015