GERUND AND INFINITIVES by Nurul Fatin Syahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin en-us 2018-03-04 03:20:07 UTC 2025-04-06 16:19:12 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Hearts.png GERUND phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238289618 1. Gerund is a noun made from a verb. To form a gerund, add –ing to the base of the verb.
Ex: Cooking is my hobby. I like eating too.

2. It functions as nouns:
a. Gerund as Subject.
| Gerund (Subject) | Verb | Object
| Swimming | builds | endurance.

b. Gerund as Object.
| Subject | Verb | Gerund (Object)
| We | went | swimming.

c. Gerund as Subject Complement.
| Subject | Verb | Gerund (S.C)
| My sport | is | skiing.

Gerund as Object Complement.
| Subject | Verb | Object | Ger (O.C)
| He | spends | time | reading.

d. Add not before a gerund to make a negative statement.
Ex: Not calling her was a big mistake.
]]> 2018-03-05 19:00:15 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238289618 GERUNDS AS OBJECTS phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238302113 1. Avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, mind 
Ex: I enjoy meeting new people.

2. Go + gerund to talk about recreational activities.
Ex: We go hiking every weekend in the winter.
]]> 2018-03-05 19:18:56 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238302113 GERUNDS AS OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238304634 1. Many preposition combinations are followed by gerunds:
a.     Verb + preposition
Ex: They insisted on giving us a present.
b.     Adjective + preposition
Ex: She is good at making friends.
]]> 2018-03-05 19:22:51 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238304634 POSSESSION phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238306919 1. Use a possessive noun/ pronoun before a gerund to show possession.
Ex 1: Pete’s dominating every conversation bothers me.
Ex 2: I don’t like him dominating every conversation.
]]> 2018-03-05 19:26:22 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238306919 SIMPLE/ PAST FORM phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238309732 1. We can use a simple gerund to make a generalization.
Ex:  Making friends is a natural thing to do.

2. We can use a past gerund (having + past participle) to show an action that occurred before the action of the main verb in the sentence.
Ex:  Having met Jane in my first week of college helped me throughout my college career.
]]> 2018-03-05 19:30:46 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/238309732 PASSIVE FORM phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/240096375 1. In the present, use being + past participle.
Ex: She hates being ignored.

2. In the past, use having been + past participle.
Ex: She was still angry at having been ignored.

]]> 2018-03-09 11:47:04 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/240096375 We need your comments. phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/240110265 Has the information provided here been useful to you? How useful or not useful?]]> 2018-03-09 12:40:06 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/240110265 Your opinion & suggestions phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/240111987 Do you have any opinion or suggestions for improvement ?]]> 2018-03-09 12:45:08 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/240111987 Nfatinsyahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/247821743 2018-04-02 14:47:32 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/247821743 Nfatinsyahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/247837947 2018-04-02 15:32:57 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/247837947 Nfatinsyahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/247849751 2018-04-02 16:06:09 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/247849751 Important things should be consider in using gerund. punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248003599 1. Gerund acts as OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS
= The word to can be a preposition or part of an infinitive.
Ex 1: He will adjust to working hard. (To is a preposition)
Ex 2: He tries to work hard. (To is a part of infinitive)
* We are focusing gerund prepositions only. 

2. POSSESSION
= In conversation, native speakers often use a name or an object pronoun before a gerund.
Ex : I don't like Pete dominating every conversation.

3. Many words in English end in -ing. Do not confuse gerunds with verbs in the progressive form or with present participles used as adjectives or in adverb phrases.
Ex 1: I've been making friends at work. (progressive form)
Ex 2: Marry is enrolled in a cooking class. (as adjective)
Ex 3: Walking on the beach, I wondered why she was angry at me. (adverb phrase)]]> 2018-04-03 06:56:22 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248003599 alyafifiabubakar9194 https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248003646 2018-04-03 06:56:32 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248003646 alyafifiabubakar9194 https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248003806 2018-04-03 06:57:15 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248003806 alyafifiabubakar9194 https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248004641 2018-04-03 07:01:50 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248004641 Let's discuss about Gerunds. (Leave your comments) punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248006441 What do you understand about gerunds ? Can you able to differentiate between the gerunds with verbs in the progressive form, gerunds with present participles used as adjectives and gerund with adverb phrases ?]]> 2018-04-03 07:11:26 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/248006441 Nfatinsyahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249111370 2018-04-06 04:58:06 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249111370 Nfatinsyahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249111493 2018-04-06 04:59:45 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249111493 Nfatinsyahirah https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249111994 2018-04-06 05:06:54 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249111994 INFINITIVES phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401163 1. An infinitive is to plus the base form of a verb. 

2. It functions as nouns:
a. Infinitive as Subject.
Ex: To procrastinate causes a lot of problems.

b. Infinitive as Object.
Ex: I’d like to invite you to dinner.

c. Infinitive as Subject Complement.
Ex: A teacher’s job is to create a desire to learn.
]]> 2018-04-07 07:14:49 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401163 Verbs followed by Infinitives phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401598 1. Certain verbs are followed only by infinitives.
Ex: They decided to call.

2. Still other verbs are followed by an optional noun/ pronoun + an infinitive, depending on the meaning of the verb.
Ex: We expected Jim to finish on time.
]]> 2018-04-07 07:22:25 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401598 Adjectives followed by Infinitives phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401647 1. These adjectives usually describe people, not things. They often express feelings about the action described in the infinitive.
Ex: George is afraid to make mistakes.
]]> 2018-04-07 07:23:36 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401647 Nouns followed by Infinitives phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401722 1. This infinitive gives information about the noun.
Ex: Generosity is a good trait to have.]]> 2018-04-07 07:25:09 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401722 Too/ Enough with Infinitives phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401767 (i) Too + Adjective/ Adverb + Infinitive
Ex: The project is too complicated to finish on time.

(ii) Adjective/ Adverb + Enough + Infinitive
Ex: Mia runs fast enough to be first.

(iii) Enough + Noun + Infinitive
There’s not enough money to pay for the repairs.
There’s not money enough to pay for the repairs.
]]> 2018-04-07 07:26:18 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401767 Active and Passive Infinitives phengloo https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401900 1. Simple Present
| Active Infinitives |
Ex: She plans to invite them.
| Passive Infinitives |
Ex: They expect to be invited.

2. Simple Past
 | Active Infinitives |
Ex: She was glad to have invited them.
| Passive Infinitives |
Ex: They were happy to have been invited.]]> 2018-04-07 07:28:53 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249401900 alyafifiabubakar9194 https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249425498 2018-04-07 13:30:11 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249425498 alyafifiabubakar9194 https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249425708 2018-04-07 13:32:00 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249425708 Things that should know about infinitives punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249494816 1.  Don't confuse to in an infinitive with to as a preposition. To in an infinitive is followed by the base from the verb. To as a preposition is followed by gerund,regular noun or pronoun.
Ex 1: I plan to work hard. [infinitive]
Ex 2: I'm used to working hard. [gerund]

USAGE NOTE: to avoid repeating an infinitive just mentioned, replace the verb with to. This is called ellipsis.
Ex: Anna knew she had to go work, but she didn't want to.

2. Remember some verbs can be followed only by infinitives, others only by gerunds, and others by either infinitives or gerunds. These verbs fall into 4 patterns.
a. Examples of verbs and verb phrases followed only by infinitives: appear, decide, expect, hope, manage, need, pretend, seem, want, would like.
Ex: They managed to find new jobs.

b. Examples of verbs and phrases followed only by gerunds: avoid, can't help, considered, feel like, keep, spend(time)
Ex: I don't feel like working today.

c. Examples of verbs followed by infinitives or gerunds with no change in meaning: begin, can't stand, hate, like, love, prefer
Ex 1: They began to encourage her.
Ex 2: The began encouraging her.

d. Examples of verbs followed by infinitives or gerunds with a significant change in meaning: forget, go on, quit, regret, remember, stop, try.
Ex 1: I stopped/quit to go to the movies. [I stopped/quit another activity in order to go to the movies.]
Ex 2: I stopped/quit going to the movies. [I stopped/quit the activity of going to the movies.]


]]> 2018-04-08 06:47:01 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249494816 Gerunds vs Infinitives punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499511 Are you all able to differentiate between gerunds and infinitives ?]]> 2018-04-08 08:01:47 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499511 Ellipsis (Infinitives) punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499629 Explain the process of ellipsis by providing an example to support your discussion.]]> 2018-04-08 08:03:21 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499629 Gerunds and Infinitives punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499769 Please leave your comments and suggestions regarding gerunds and infinitives. ]]> 2018-04-08 08:05:12 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499769 Let's discuss something about Infinitives. (Leave your comments below) punithamuniandy https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499947 Do you understand on how to differentiate between the verbs and phrases followed by only infinitives, and the verbs and phrases followed by gerunds? Please provide an example to support your answer.]]> 2018-04-08 08:07:26 UTC https://padlet.com/Nfatinsyahirah/2stw1sw5vfin/wish/249499947