It is a portable apparatus that emits water, foam, gas or other materials in order to extinguish the fire.

The first fire extinguisher has been created since 1723 in England by a british scientist & apothecary named Ambrose Godfrey . He created the 1st fire extinguisher that had been made of pewter chamber of gunpowder and a cask of the fire-extinguishing liquid. This was created for the sole purpose of igniting the apparatus resulting in the gunpowder to explode. In the 1800's the modern version of this device was improvised.

Leading to another fire extinguisher, but it’s modernized by the British Captain George William Manby in 1818.  The modernized fire extinguisher was made up of potassium carbonate within compressed air. 70 years later, Almon M. Granger has improvised the device, with the reaction used between sodium bicarbonate solution and sulphuric acid to expel pressurized water onto nearby fire.

Source: http://www.fireranger.com/history-of-the-fire-extinguisher/ 

Class A – Fires that involve: solid flammables and dusts, such as wood, plastics, paper and cardboard, fabric and textiles, and dusts such as grain dust and flour.

Class B – Fires that involve flammable liquids: such as gasoline, petroleum oil, paint, or diesel.

Class C – Fires that involve flammable gases: such as propane, butane, or methane.

Class D – Fires that involve combustible metals: such as magnesium, lithium, sodium, potassium, titanium, or aluminium.

Class F – Fires that involve: cooking oils and fats, such as vegetable oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, maize oil, lard, or butter (typically those used for deep-fat fryers).

Class E -- It is said that this isn’t recognised as a separate class of fire in Europe, but still considered as an electrical fire that happens around live equipment & electrical sources. This should be still seen as important.

Keep in mind learning these classes of fire needs an extinguisher for their own. One wrong step of it, it can be ineffective or it can make the situation worse as ever.
Source: https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/different-types-of-fire-extinguishers/

 

The words written are saying ‘foam” imprinted on a cream rectangle. Foam extinguisher is  a water based foaming agent that forms a blanketing effect on the rapid flame. This seals the vapor that prevents it from re- igniting it again. This is recommended to be used for fighting on class A & B fires. This is the most common and seen extinguisher on houses, hospitals and other places as well.

 

From the word itself Carbon dioxide, it will be written on the object as “ carbon dioxide “ or “ CO2” imprinted on a black triangle. The hose is different out of all the other hoses, and is best used for class B & electrical fires. The fire dies out by the displacement of the oxygen. They do not leave a mess that much, and minimize or lessen the damage done to the equipment.

Wet Chemical Extinguishers -  The words written are “ Wet Chemical “ imprinted across a yellow rectangle, and has an extended hose. Recommended to be used to fight class F fires. They can stop fires at high temperatures, particularly oil and fat.

Owning a fire extinguisher ranging from 1,250 php, not only you will be saving hundreds of thousands of pesos of worth of property, but you will be able to reduce or limit the amount of pollution caused by smoke and burning debris. 

1.) REMEMBER RAISE THE FIRE ALARM FIRST and be sure to call for help. Fire can spread quickly so informing right ahead or getting the attention of others will send help right away minimizing the damage done.

2.) Before addressing and fighting the fire, prioritize taking out all the children, elders or people who are more prone to sickness to safety and find the most nearest yet safe exit points directing the attention of the fire in a different way.

3.) If the fire is small and hasn’t spread yet, that’s the time where you can start using the fire extinguisher PROPERLY, remember the steps when using it. BUT, if the fire has spread wildly and seems to be too large, EXIT SAFELY NOW and wait for help.

- Pull the pin to break the tamper seal.

- Aim the nozzle depending on the appropriate way of using the extinguisher per class of fire.

- Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.

- Sweep from side to side until the fire is out.
Source: https://www.marsden-fire-safety.co.uk/resources/fire-extinguishers/using-a-fire-extinguisher